Profil Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMP pada Mata Pelajaran IPA
DOI:
10.29303/jcar.v7i1.10570Published:
2025-02-07Issue:
Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Februari 2025Keywords:
Berpikir Kritis, , Pembelajaran IPA, PISAArticles
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Abstract
Berpikir kritis adalah keterampilan fundamental dalam pendidikan abad ke-21, yang penting untuk menganalisis informasi, mengevaluasi bukti, dan membuat keputusan yang logis. Dalam pembelajaran sains, berpikir kritis memainkan peran penting dalam membantu siswa memahami konsep-konsep kompleks serta mengembangkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah secara sistematis. Namun, studi-studi sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa siswa sekolah menengah pertama (SMP) di Indonesia menunjukkan tingkat kemampuan berpikir kritis yang relatif rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil berpikir kritis siswa SMP dalam pembelajaran sains dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangannya. Desain penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif digunakan dengan memanfaatkan kuesioner skala Likert untuk menilai tujuh indikator utama berpikir kritis, yaitu: rasa ingin tahu, kepercayaan diri, pencarian kebenaran, keterbukaan pikiran, kemampuan analitis, sistematis, dan kedewasaan. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik statistik deskriptif untuk menentukan tingkat berpikir kritis siswa. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa sebagian besar siswa berada dalam kategori “sedang” terkait persepsi terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis. Di antara ketujuh indikator, keterbukaan pikiran (70%) dan kedewasaan (72%) diklasifikasikan dengan kriteria tinggi, yang menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan siswa untuk menerima perspektif baru dan berpikir secara objektif. Sementara itu, kepercayaan diri (58%) dan sistematis (63%) merupakan indikator dengan skor terendah, yang menunjukkan adanya kelemahan dalam berpikir terstruktur dan pengambilan keputusan. Meskipun siswa telah menunjukkan dasar berpikir kritis yang memadai, perbaikan masih diperlukan dalam aspek kepercayaan diri, keterampilan analitis, dan pemikiran sistematis. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan integrasi strategi Problem-Based Learning (PBL) dan pendekatan STEM untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA.
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Author Biographies
Irham Azmi, Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika
Dwi Sabda Budi Prasetya, Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika
Sabrun Sabrun, Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika
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