Analysis of Elementary School Students' Science Process Skills in the Merdeka Curriculum

Authors

Indri Andriani Astuti , Andi Suhandi , Wahyu Sopandi , Atep Sujana , Gayatri Nurnaningrum

DOI:

10.29303/jppipa.v11i2.10147

Published:

2025-02-25

Issue:

Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): February

Keywords:

Elementary school students', Merdeka curriculum, Science process skills

Research Articles

Downloads

How to Cite

Astuti, I. A., Suhandi, A., Sopandi, W., Sujana, A., & Nurnaningrum, G. (2025). Analysis of Elementary School Students’ Science Process Skills in the Merdeka Curriculum. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(2), 837–844. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i2.10147

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Abstract

Science literacy in Indonesia is still far below the global average, thus highlighting the need for substantial improvement in science education, especially in science process skills. This study aims to analyze the basic science process skills of 4th grade elementary school students by using a descriptive approach through classroom observation and written tests. The results showed an average score of 54, categorized as poor, with the score of each aspect being observing 62 (fair), interpreting 61 (fair), classifying 56 (poor), predicting 54 (poor), planning experiments 51 (poor), and communicating 42 (bad). The study identified weak communication and experiment planning skills as the main factors contributing to low science literacy. Therefore, the implementation of inquiry-based learning strategies is essential to enhance science process skills and improve overall science literacy. The findings provide valuable insights for educators to design more effective and engaging science learning in primary schools.

References

Acesta, A. (2014). Penerapan Pendekatan Keterampilan Proses Sains untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 2(1), 96–106. http://dz.doi.org/10.30659/pendas.1.2.%25p

Aisah, S., & Agustini, R. R. (2024). Pengembangan Instrumen Keterampilan Proses Sains dengan Desain Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi di Tingkat Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Education and Development, 12(1), 275–280. https://doi.org/10.37081/ed.v12i1.5746

Aktamış, H., & Yenice, N. (2010). Determination of the Science Process Skills and Critical Thinking Skill Levels. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 3282–3288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.502

Angelia, Y., Supeno, S., & Suparti, S. (2022). Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa Sekolah Dasar dalam Pembelajaran IPA Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(5), 8296–8303. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i5.3692

Asidiqi, D. F., & Adiputra, D. K. (2023). Pengaruh Media Animasi Flash Terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 7(3), 1485–1492. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v7i3.5518

Beaumont-Walters, Y., & Soyibo, K. (2001). An Analysis of High School Students’ Performance on Five Integrated Science Process Skills. Research in Science & Technological Education, 19(2), 133–145. https://doi.org/10.1080/02635140120087687

Dani, D. R., Suryandari, K. C., & Sukarman, S. (2024). Analisis Profil Siswa Terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains dalam Pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar. Social Humanities and Educational Studies (SHES) Conference Series, 7(3), 468–475. https://doi.org/10.20961/shes.v7i3.91610

Dökme, İ., & Aydınlı, E. (2009). Turkish Primary School Students’ Performance on Basic Science Process Skills. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1(1), 544–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2009.01.098

Dwisetiarezi, D., & Fitria, Y. (2021). Analisis Kemampuan Literasi Sains Siswa pada Pembelajaran IPA Terintegrasi di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 5(4), 1958–1967. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v5i4.1136

Eliyana, E. (2020). Analisis Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa Belajar IPA Materi Tumbuhan Hijau pada Siswa Kelas V SDN 3 Panjerejo di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Eduproxima: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan IPA, 2(2), 87. https://doi.org/10.29100/eduproxima.v2i2.1628

Elvanisi, A., Hidayat, S., & Fadillah, E. N. (2018). Analisis Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPA, 4(2), 245–252. https://doi.org/10.21831/jipi.v4i2.21426

Fahmi, F., Fajeriadi, H., Irhasyuarna, Y., Yulianti, Y. E., & Kusasi, M. (2024). The Effect of Using Inquiry Model on Science Process Skills and Student Learning Outcomes. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(12), 10426–10433. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i12.8658

Firdaus, L., & Mirawati, B. (2017). Keterampilan Proses Sains dalam Pembelajaran: Suatu Tinjauan Teoritis. Open Science Framework. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/gdr3f

Ginting, B., Limiansih, K., & Hadiyanti, A. H. D. (2023). Science Process Skills Analysis of Class IV Students of Kanisius Sengkan Yogyakarta Elementary School in Science Learning Content. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(2), 73–79. https://doi.org/10.26740/jppipa.v8n2.p73-79

Gizaw, G., & Sota, S. S. (2023). Improving Science Process Skills of Students: A Review of Literature. Science Education International, 34(3), 216–224. https://doi.org/10.33828/sei.v34.i3.5

Gültekin, S. B., & Altun, T. (2022). Investigating the Impact of Activities Based on Scientific Process Skills on 4th Grade Students Problem-Solving Skills. Lnternational Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 4. https://doi.org/10.26822/iejee.2022.258

Harlen, W. (1999). Purposes and Procedures for Assessing Science Process Skills. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 6(1), 129–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/09695949993044

Husna, N., Halim, A., Evendi, E., Syukri, M., Nur, S., Elisa, E., & Khaldun, I. (2022). Impact of Science Process Skills on Scientific Literacy. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(4), 2123–2129. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i4.1887

Idris, N., Talib, O., & Razali, F. (2022). Strategies in Mastering Science Process Skills in Science Experiments: A Systematic Literature Review. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 11(1), 155–170. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v11i1.32969

Jannah, S. F., & Shofiyah, N. (2023). Implementation of Experiential Learning Model to Improve Science Process Skills. Edunesia: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 5(1), 377–389. https://doi.org/10.51276/edu.v5i1.711

Kaya, V. H., Bahceci, D., & Altuk, Y. G. (2012). The Relationship between Primary School Students’ Scientific Literacy Levels and Scientific Process Skills. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47, 495–500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.687

Kelly, K. M. (2013). Science Journals in the Garden: Developing the Skill of Observation in Elementary Age Students (Thesis). Portland State University. Center for Science Education. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.1536

Kemendikbudristek. (2022). Capaian Pembelajaran Mata Pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial (IPAS) Fase A – Fase C. Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan Kebudayaan Riset dan Teknologi.

Lusidawaty, V., Fitria, Y., Miaz, Y., & Zikri, A. (2020). Pembelaharan IPA dengan Strategi Pembelajaran Inkuiri untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 4(1), 168–174. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v4i1.333

Mardianti, F., Yulkifli, Y., & Asrizal, A. (2020). Metaanalisis Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains dan Literasi Saintifik. Sainstek: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi, 12(2), 91. https://doi.org/10.31958/js.v12i2.2435

Masus, S. B. (2020). Peningkatan Keterampilan Proses Sains IPA dengan Menggunakan Metode Ekperimen di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling, 2(2), 161–167. https://doi.org/10.31004/jpdk.v2i2.1129

Monhardt, L., & Monhardt, R. (2006). Creating a Context for the Learning of Science Process Skills Through Picture Books. Early Childhood Education Journal, 34(1), 67–71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-006-0108-9

Nisa, H., Parid, M., Hidayat, A., & Mustofa, A. (2020). Relevansi Keterampilan Proses Sains dalam Pembelajaran IPA Tingkat Sekolah Dasar dengan Materi Ajar Tematik Kelas IV Tema 2. Al-Mudarris (Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Islam), 3(2), 169–182. https://doi.org/10.23971/mdr.v3i2.2224

Nur’ariyani, S., Jumyati, J., Yuliyanti, Y., Nulhakim, L., & Leksono, S. M. (2023). Scientific Approach to Learning Science in Elementary Schools. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(8), 6659–6666. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i8.3680

Nurtriana, I., Maharani, E. T. W., & Yuliyanto, E. (2024). Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) Terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains Peserta Didik kelas V Sekolah Dasar pada Materi. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 5(9), 783–797. https://doi.org/10.59141/japendi.v5i9.4302

OCDE. (2023). PISA 2022. In Perfiles Educativos (Vol. 1). https://doi.org/10.22201/iisue.24486167e.2024.183.61714

Pradana, D., Mahanal, S., & Nida, S. (2021). Pengembangan Instrumen Tes Keterampilan Proses Sains pada Materi Kalor dan Perpindahannya. Jurnal MIPA dan Pembelajarannya, 1(2), 121–128. https://doi.org/10.17977/um067v1i2p121-128

Pradana, D., Nur, M., & Suprapto, N. (2020). Improving Critical Thinking Skill of Junior High School Students through Science Process Skills Based Learning. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 6(2), 166–172. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v6i2.428

Rophi, A. H., Megawati, R., Aiboy, Y. T., Citraningrum, M., & Raunsay, E. K. (2024). Analysis of Science Process Skills of Junior High School Students. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(5), 2294–2299. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i5.7194

Sari, P. M., & Yarza, H. N. (2022). Pelatihan Penguatan Literasi Sains, Keterampilan Proses Sains dan Teknologi bagi Guru-Guru Sekolah Dasar. SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan, 6(1), 87. https://doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v6i1.7175

Sugiarti, S., & Ratnaningdyah, D. (2020). Improvement of Science Process Skills Through Discovery Learning Model in Physics Education Students. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 5(2), 69–74. https://doi.org/10.26740/jppipa.v5n2.p69-74

Sugiono, S. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan RD. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Susilawati, S., Harjono, A., & Firdaus, F. (2024). Improving Students’ Science Process Skills Through Project Based Learning Models: A Systematic Review. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(10), 711–720. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i10.9381

Verawati, N. N. S. V., Prayogi, S., & Asy’ari, M. (2014). Reviu Literatur Tentang Keterampilan Proses Sains. Lensa: Jurnal Kependidikan Fisika, 2(1), 194. https://doi.org/10.33394/j-lkf.v2i1.310

Wazni, M. K., & Fatmawati, B. (2022). Study of Science Process Skills Student Using Worksheet Based on Science Process Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(2), 436–443. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i2.1281

Widdina, S., Rochintaniawati, D., & Rusyati, L. (2018). The Profile of Students’ Science Process Skill in Learning Human Muscle Tissue Experiment at Secondary School. Journal of Science Learning, 1(2), 53. https://doi.org/10.17509/jsl.v1i2.10146

Wulandari, T., Wicaksana, E. J., & Anggereini, E. (2024). The Influence of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) Model on Student’s Science Process Skills and Critical Thinking. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(9), 6720–6725. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i9.8367

Yuliananingsih, Y., & Rokhimawan, M. A. (2020). Analisis Keterampilan Proses Sains Dasar pada Buku Tematik Kelas V Tema Panas dan Perpindahannya. AULADUNA: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Islam, 7(1), 81. https://doi.org/10.24252/auladuna.v7i1a8.2020

Yuliati, C. L., & Susianna, N. (2023). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains, Berpikir Kritis, dan Percaya Diri Siswa. Scholaria: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 13(1), 48–58. https://doi.org/10.24246/j.js.2023.v13.i1.p48-58

Yuliati, Y. (2016). Peningkatan Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa Sekolah Dasar Melalui Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendas, 2(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.31949/jcp.v2i2.335

Author Biographies

Indri Andriani Astuti, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Andi Suhandi, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Wahyu Sopandi, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Atep Sujana, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Gayatri Nurnaningrum, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Indri Andriani Astuti, Andi Suhandi, Wahyu Sopandi, Atep Sujana, Gayatri Nurnaningrum

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).