Development of E-Learning Materials Assisted by Augmented Reality on Human Digestive System Material to Improve Elementary School Students' Learning Outcomes
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v11i1.10229Published:
2025-01-25Downloads
Abstract
This study aims to develop, test the feasibility, effectiveness, and practicality of Augmented Reality (AR)-assisted e-learning materials to improve student learning outcomes. This study is a Development Research (R&D) using the Borg and Gall model. This study involved 42 fifth grade students of Kedungmundu State Elementary School (SDN) in the 2024/2025 academic year, with a small-scale trial on 15 VA class students and a large-scale trial on 27 VB class students. Data collection techniques used test techniques (pretest - posttest) and non-test in the form of interview results, questionnaires, observations, score lists, and documentation. The results of validation by material, language, and media experts which showed that AR-assisted e-learning materials were declared "very feasible" with an average score of 89%. The practicality of e-teaching materials is shown from the results of the questionnaire responses of teachers and students to the use of e-teaching materials assisted by AR showing a "very positive" level of satisfaction, with a score of 97% from teachers and 86% from students. The effectiveness of e-teaching materials assisted by AR is proven through the results of the t-test with a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05) and an N-gain of 0.67, which is included in the "moderate" category. The results of the study indicate that e-teaching materials assisted by AR meet the criteria of being feasible, practical, and effective in improving learning outcomes in class V science learning at SDN Kedungmundu.
Keywords:
Augmented reality, E-teaching materials, IPAS, Learning outcomesReferences
Abdulrahaman, M. D., Faruk, N., Oloyede, A. A., Surajudeen-Bakinde, N. T., Olawoyin, L. A., Mejabi, O. V., Imam-Fulani, Y. O., Fahm, A. O., & Azeez, A. L. (2020). Multimedia tools in the teaching and learning processes: A systematic review. Heliyon, 6(11), e05312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05312
Adam, A. (2023). Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Audio Visual Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Journal of Contemporary Issue in Elementary Education, 1(1), 29–37. https://doi.org/10.33830/jciee.v1i1.5027
Alenezi, M., Wardat, S., & Akour, M. (2023). The Need of Integrating Digital Education in Higher Education: Challenges and Opportunities. Sustainability, 15(6), 4782. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15064782
Alzahrani, N. M. (2020). Augmented Reality: A Systematic Review of Its Benefits and Challenges in E-learning Contexts. Applied Sciences, 10(16), 5660. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10165660
Amirahma, S., & Setyasto, N. (2024). Development of Augmented Reality-Assisted Teaching Materials in Science Subjects: Solar System Topic. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(5), 2346–2355. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i5.7027
Buragohain, D., Punpeng, G., Jaratjarungkiat, S., & Chaudhary, S. (2023). Impact of E-Learning Activities on English as a Second Language Proficiency among Engineering Cohorts of Malaysian Higher Education: A 7-Month Longitudinal Study. Informatics, 10(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics10010031
Cansiz, N., & Cansiz, M. (2022). Profiling preservice science teachers’ early experiences, beliefs about teaching, and teaching practices. Research in Science & Technological Education, 40(2), 149–167. https://doi.org/10.1080/02635143.2020.1780207
Dendodi, D., Simarona, N., Elpin, A., Bahari, Y., & Warneri, W. (2024). Analisis Penerapan Augmented Reality dalam Meningkatkan Efektifitas Pembelajaran Sains di Era Digital. ALACRITY: Journal of Education, 293–304. https://doi.org/10.52121/alacrity.v4i3.456
Dewi, N. K. A. M. A., & Suniasih, N. W. (2023). E-Modul Ajar Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Bali Pada Mata Pelajaran IPAS Kelas IV. MIMBAR PGSD Undiksha, 11(1), 91–99. https://doi.org/10.23887/jjpgsd.v11i1.58348
Fauzi, M. N. (2023). Problematika Guru Mengimplementasi Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar pada Pembelajaran PAI di Sekolah Dasar. Al-Madrasah: Jurnal Pendidikan Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, 7(4), 1661. https://doi.org/10.35931/am.v7i4.2688
Fernando, S., Sabri, T., & Suparjan, S. (2022). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Web Pada Materi Sistem Pencernaan Manusia Kelas V Sekolah. Jurnal Tunas Bangsa, 9(1), 18–31. https://doi.org/10.46244/tunasbangsa.v9i1.1717
Guntur, M. I. S., Setyaningrum, W., Retnawati, H., & Marsigit. (2020). Can augmented reality improve problem-solving and spatial skill? Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1581(1), 012063. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1581/1/012063
Hafizhah, F. J., & Setyasto, N. (2024). Augmented Reality-Assisted Scrapbook Media Development in Natural and Social Science Learning. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(7), 4149–4157. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i7.7258
Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., & Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the role of digital technologies in education: A review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004
Hazmar, A. A., Hazmar, R., & Marlian, M. (2022). Pemanfaatan Media Belajar dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Siswa. Asatiza: Jurnal Pendidikan, 3(2), 95–106. https://doi.org/10.46963/asatiza.v3i2.499
Hermawan, A., & Hadi, S. (2024). Realitas Pengaruh Penggunaan Teknologi Augmented Reality dalam Pembelajaran terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Siswa. Jurnal Simki Pedagogia, 7(1), 328–340. https://doi.org/10.29407/jsp.v7i1.694
Hernanda, A., & Aji, A. S. (2024). Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Augmented Reality Untuk Pembelajaran Organ Tubuh Manusia Di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Teknologi Dan Sistem Informasi Bisnis, 6(1), 245–251. https://doi.org/10.47233/jteksis.v6i1.1166
Irawan, Y. (2020). Aplikasi Android Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Organ Tubuh Manusia Dengan Menerapkan Augmented Reality (Studi Kasus: SDN 005 Makmur Pangkalan Kerinci). Jurnal Ilmu Komputer, 9(2), 102–106. https://doi.org/10.33060/JIK/2020/Vol9.Iss2.173
Jannah, D. R. N., & Atmojo, I. R. W. (2022). Media Digital dalam Memberdayakan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Abad 21 pada Pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(1), 1064–1074. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i1.2124
Kamińska, D., Zwoliński, G., Laska-Leśniewicz, A., Raposo, R., Vairinhos, M., Pereira, E., Urem, F., Ljubić Hinić, M., Haamer, R. E., & Anbarjafari, G. (2023). Augmented Reality: Current and New Trends in Education. Electronics, 12(16), 3531. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12163531
Liang, L., Zhang, Z., & Guo, J. (2023). The Effectiveness of Augmented Reality in Physical Sustainable Education on Learning Behaviour and Motivation. Sustainability, 15(6), 5062. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065062
Lokollo, L. J., Lasaiba, M., Arfa, A. M., & Lasaiba, D. (2024). Mengembangkan Kemampuan Berpikir Spasial Melalui Pendidikan STEM di Sekolah Dasar: Developing Spatial Thinking Abilities Through Stem Education In Elementary Schools. Scholaria: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan, 14(3), 293–308. https://doi.org/10.24246/j.js.2024.v14.i3.p293-308
Lowrie, T., & Logan, T. (2023). Spatial Visualization Supports Students’ Math: Mechanisms for Spatial Transfer. Journal of Intelligence, 11(6), 127. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence11060127
Mansour, N., Aras, C., Staarman, J. K., & Alotaibi, S. B. M. (2024). Embodied learning of science concepts through augmented reality technology. Education and Information Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-13120-0
Mu’afiqoh, E. B., & Wachidah, K. (2024). Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Siswa Kelas II dengan Augmented Reality. Teaching, Learning and Development, 2(2), 101–108. https://doi.org/10.62672/telad.v2i2.35
Müller, C., Mildenberger, T., & Steingruber, D. (2023). Learning effectiveness of a flexible learning study programme in a blended learning design: Why are some courses more effective than others? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 20(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-022-00379-x
Pamorti, O. A., Winarno, & Suryandari, K. C. (2024). Effectiveness of Augmented Reality Based Learning Media to Improve Critical Thinking Skills on IPAS Material. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(5), 2211–2219. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i5.7139
Radu, I., Huang, X., Kestin, G., & Schneider, B. (2023). How augmented reality influences student learning and inquiry styles: A study of 1-1 physics remote AR tutoring. Computers & Education: X Reality, 2, 100011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cexr.2023.100011
Refmidawati. (2023). Virtual Reality Media for Fun Learning. Journal of Digital Learning And Distance Education, 2(4), 544–547. https://doi.org/10.56778/jdlde.v2i4.79
Resti, N., Ridwan, R., Palupy, R. T., & Riandi, R. (2024). Inovasi Media Pembelajaran Menggunakan AR (Augmented Reality) pada Materi Sistem Pencernaan: (Learning Media Innovation Using Augmented Reality on Digestive System Material). BIODIK, 10(2), 238–248. https://doi.org/10.22437/biodik.v10i2.34022
Sakr, A., & Abdullah, T. (2024). Virtual, augmented reality and learning analytics impact on learners, and educators: A systematic review. Education and Information Technologies, 29(15), 19913–19962. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12602-5
Salmiyanti, S., Erita, Y., Putri, R. S., & Nivetiken, N. (2023). Augmented Reality (Ar) In Learning Social Science (Ips) In Elementary Schools. Journal Of Digital Learning And Distance Education, 1(10). https://doi.org/10.56778/jdlde.v1i10.51
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif Dan R&D. Bandung: CV Alfabeta.
Supriyanto, S., Joshua, Q., Abdullah, A. G., Tettehfio, E. O., & Ramdani, S. D. (2023). Application of Augmented Reality (AR) in vocational education: A systematic literature review. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 13(2), 205–213. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpv.v13i2.54280
Tempera, T., & Tinoca, L. (2022). Project-Based Learning in Initial Teacher Education: The Practice of Three Higher Education Institutions in Portugal. Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal. https://doi.org/10.26529/cepsj.1141
Toli, G., & Kallery, M. (2021). Enhancing Student Interest to Promote Learning in Science: The Case of the Concept of Energy. Education Sciences, 11(5), 220. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11050220
Utami, V. U., Ardi, A., Lufri, L., & Fuadiah, S. (2021). Media Pembelajaran E-Learning Berbasis Edmodo pada Materi Sistem Gerak. Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, 4(2), 217–223. https://doi.org/10.23887/jlls.v4i2.34238
Wiguna, K. R. A., Renda, N. T., & Yudiana, K. (2022). Video Pembelajaran Berbasis Lingkungan Dalam Pembelajaran IPA Kelas IV SD. Mimbar PGSD Undiksha, 10(3), 502–507. https://doi.org/10.23887/jjpgsd.v10i3.48214
Yulian, R., Ruhama’, U., & Sucipto. (2022). Developing Augmented Reality (AR) as Assisted Technology in Reading Based on Content-Language Integrated Learning. JTP - Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 24(1), 23–37. https://doi.org/10.21009/jtp.v24i1.23626
Zaid, M., Razak, F., & Alam, A. A. F. (2022). Keefektifan Media Pembelajaran Augmented Reality Berbasis STEAM dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Pelita: Jurnal Pembelajaran IPA Terpadu, 2(2), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.54065/pelita.2.2.2022.316
Zhai, C., Wibowo, S., & Li, L. D. (2024). The effects of over-reliance on AI dialogue systems on students’ cognitive abilities: A systematic review. Smart Learning Environments, 11(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-024-00316-7
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Wahyu Agung Risqiyono, Novi Setyasto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
