Seismic Attenuation Characteristics in Sumba Island Based on Coda Wave Analysis
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v11i4.10870Published:
2025-04-25Downloads
Abstract
Coda wave data from four stations are to understand seismic attenuation on Sumba Island. Specifically, we estimate the quality factor at 1 Hz (Q₀) and its frequency dependence (η) across multiple window lengths (20–120 s) and frequency bands (1–7 Hz) using waveform data from 394 local earthquakes. The aim is to evaluate how these parameters reflect crustal heterogeneity and tectonic activity. Results show that Q₀ increases with window length, indicating that coda waves progressively sample deeper and more homogeneous layers, while high η values at shorter windows suggest significant near-surface heterogeneity. These findings highlight a depth-dependent variation in seismic attenuation and structural complexity. The study reveals spatial variability, with MELO station showing anomalously high Q₀ values, likely due to localized site conditions or deeper structural influences. Sumba’s location within the tectonically active Sunda-Banda arc transition zone further supports these observations. The combination of low Q₀ and high η values confirms high tectonic activity, and the use of coda wave attenuation analysis offers a reliable, parameter-based framework for assessing seismic hazard potential in regions with complex geodynamics. This work fills a research gap by providing empirical data and interpretation for a previously underexplored area in eastern Indonesia.
Keywords:
Attenuation Coda wave Seismic Sumba island TectonicReferences
Aggarwal, S. K., & Khan, P. K. (2016). Q Lg Tomography in Gujarat, Western India. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 95, 135–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2015.12.003
Aki, K. (1969). Analysis of the Seismic Coda of Local Earthquakes as Scattered Waves. Journal of Geophysical Research, 74(2), 615–631. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB074i002p00615
Aki, K. (1980a). Attenuation of Shear-Waves in the Lithosphere for Frequencies from 0.05 to 25 Hz. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 21(1), 50–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(80)90019-9
Aki, K. (1980b). Scattering and Attenuation of Shear Waves in the Lithosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 85(B11), 6496–6504. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB085iB11p06496
Aki, K., & Chouet, B. (1975). Origin of Coda Waves: Source, Attenuation, and Scattering Effects. Journal of Geophysical Research, 80(23), 3322–3342. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB080i023p03322
Authemayou, C., Pedoja, K., Chauveau, D., Husson, L., Brocard, G., Delcaillau, B., Perrot, J., Aribowo, S., Cahyarini, S. Y., Elliot, M., Natawidjaja, D. H., & Scholz, D. (2022). Deformation and Uplift at the Transition from Oceanic to Continental Subduction, Sumba Island, Indonesia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 236, 105316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2022.105316
Bock, Y., Prawirodirdjo, L., Genrich, J. F., Stevens, C. W., McCaffrey, R., Subarya, C., Puntodewo, S. S. O., & Calais, E. (2003). Crustal Motion in Indonesia from Global Positioning System Measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 108(B8), 2001JB000324. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000324
Carcole, E., & Sato, H. (2010). Spatial Distribution of Scattering Loss and Intrinsic Absorption of Short-Period S Waves in the Lithosphere of Japan on the Basis of the Multiple Lapse Time Window Analysis of Hi-Net Data. Geophysical Journal International, 180(1), 268–290. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04394.x
Curray, J. R. (1989). The Sunda Arc: A Model for Oblique Plate Convergence. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research, 24(2–3), 131–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(89)90144-0
Dasović, I., Herak, M., & Herak, D. (2012). Attenuation of Coda Waves in the Contact Zone between the Dinarides and the Adriatic Microplate. Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica, 56(1), 231–247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11200-010-0077-8
Filippucci, M., Lucente, S., Lorenzo, S. D., Pezzo, E. D., Prosser, G., & Tallarico, A. (2021). Seismic Envelopes of Coda Decay for Q-Coda Attenuation Studies of the Gargano Promontory (Southern Italy) and Surrounding Regions. Data, 6(9), 98. https://doi.org/10.3390/data6090098
Havskov, J., Sørensen, M. B., Vales, D., Özyazıcıoğlu, M., Sánchez, G., & Li, B. (2016). Coda Q in Different Tectonic Areas, Influence of Processing Parameters. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 106(3), 956–970. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120150359
Hwang, H.-J., & Mitchell, B. J. (1987). Shear Velocities, Q, and the Frequency Dependence of Q in Stable and Tectonically Active Regions from Surface Wave Observations. Geophysical Journal International, 90(3), 575–613. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1987.tb00743.x
Jin, A., & Aki, K. (1988). Spatial and Temporal Correlation between Coda Q and Seismicity in China. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 78(2), 741–769. https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0780020741
Jin, A., & Aki, K. (1989). Spatial and Temporal Correlation between Coda Q−1 and Seismicity and Its Physical Mechanism. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 94(B10), 14041–14059. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB10p14041
Keep, M., Longley, I., & Jones, R. (2003). Sumba and Its Effect on Australia’s Northwestern Margin. In R. R. Hillis & R. D. Müller, Evolution and Dynamics of the Australian Plate. Geological Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1130/0-8137-2372-8.309
Kumar, N., Parvez, I. A., & Virk, H. S. (2005). Estimation of Coda Wave Attenuation for NW Himalayan Region Using Local Earthquakes. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 151(3–4), 243–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2005.03.010
Ma’hood, M., Hamzehloo, H., & Doloei, G. J. (2009). Attenuation of High Frequency P and S Waves in the Crust of the East-Central Iran. Geophysical Journal International, 179(3), 1669–1678. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04363.x
Mak, S., Chan, L. S., Chandler, A. M., & Koo, R. C. H. (2004). Coda Q Estimates in the Hong Kong Region. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 24(1), 127–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2003.10.001
McCaffrey, R. (2009). The Tectonic Framework of the Sumatran Subduction Zone. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 37(1), 345–366. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.031208.100212
Miller, M. S. (2019). Transitions in the Banda Arc-Australia Continental Collision [SEED Data]. International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/YS_2014
Mitchell, B. J. (1995). Anelastic Structure and Evolution of the Continental Crust and Upper Mantle from Seismic Surface Wave Attenuation. Reviews of Geophysics, 33(4), 441–462. https://doi.org/10.1029/95RG02074
Parvez, I. A., Sutar, A. K., Mridula, M., Mishra, S. K., & Rai, S. S. (2008). Coda Q Estimates in the Andaman Islands Using Local Earthquakes. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 165(9–10), 1861–1878. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-008-0399-4
Pezzo, E. D. (2008). Chapter 13 Seismic Wave Scattering in Volcanoes. In Advances in Geophysics (Vol. 50, pp. 353–371). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2687(08)00013-7
Priyono, A., Nugraha, A. D., Muzli, M., Ardianto, A., Aulia, A. N., Prabowo, B. S., Zulfakriza, Z., Rosalia, S., Sasmi, A. T., Afif, H., Sahara, D. P., Widiyantoro, S., Wei, S., Husni, Y. M., & Sarjan, A. F. N. (2021). Seismic Attenuation Tomography from 2018 Lombok Earthquakes, Indonesia. Frontiers in Earth Science, 9, 639692. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.639692
Priyono, A., Suantika, G., Widiyantoro, S., & Nugraha, A. D. (2011). Three-Dimensional Seismic Attenuation Structure of Mt. Guntur, West Java, Indonesia. International Journal of Tomography and Statistics, 17(S11), 17–28. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285924219
Prudencio, J., Taira, T., Aoki, Y., Aoyama, H., & Onizawa, S. (2017). Intrinsic and Scattering Attenuation Images of Usu Volcano, Japan. Bulletin of Volcanology, 79(4), 29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-017-1117-9
Pulli, J. J. (1984). Attenuation of Coda Waves in New England. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 74(4), 1149–1166. https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0740041149
Rahimi, H., & Hamzehloo, H. (2008). Lapse Time and Frequency-Dependent Attenuation of Coda Waves in the Zagros Continental Collision Zone in Southwestern Iran. Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, 5(2), 173–185. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-2132/5/2/004
Rahimi, H., Motaghi, K., Mukhopadhyay, S., & Hamzehloo, H. (2010). Variation of Coda Wave Attenuation in the Alborz Region and Central Iran. Geophysical Journal International, 181(3), 1643–1654. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04574.x
Roecker, S. W., Tucker, B., King, J., & Hatzfeld, D. (1982). Estimates of Q in Central Asia as a Function of Frequency and Depth Using the Coda of Locally Recorded Earthquakes. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 72(1), 129–149. https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0720010129
Sato, H. (1977). Energy Propagation Including Scattering Effects Single Isotropic Scattering Approximation. Journal of Physics of the Earth, 25(1), 27–41. https://doi.org/10.4294/jpe1952.25.27
Sato, H., & Fehler, M. C. (1998). Seismic Wave Propagation and Scattering in the Heterogeneous Earth. New York: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2202-6
Sato, H., & Fehler, M. C. (2009). Seismic Wave Propagation and Scattering in the Heterogeneous Earth. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89623-4
Sharma, S., & Mitra, S. (2018). Seismic Attenuation of the Eastern Himalayan and Indo‐Burman Plate Boundary Systems, Northeast India. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 123(12). https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB016496
Singh, D. D., Govoni, A., & Bragato, P. L. (2001). Coda Q Attenuation and Source Parameter Analysis in Friuli (NE Italy) and Its Vicinity. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 158(9), 1737–1761. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00022508
Singh, R., Sharma, S., Mitra, S., & Khan, P. K. (2019). Mapping of Coda-Wave Attenuation and Its Frequency Dependency Over Eastern Indian Shield. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 176(12), 5291–5313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-019-02284-3
Singh, S., & Herrmann, R. B. (1983). Regionalization of Crustal Coda Q in the Continental United States. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 88(B1), 527–538. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB088iB01p00527
Sunarjo, S., Gunawan, M. T., & Pribadi, S. (2012). Gempa Bumi (Edisi Populer). Jakarta: Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika.
Syuhada, S., Hananto, N. D., Abdullah, C. I., Puspito, N. T., Anggono, T., Febriani, F., & Soedjatmiko, B. (2020). Lithospheric Mantle Anisotropy from Local Events Beneath the Sunda–Banda Arc Transition and Its Geodynamic Implications. Acta Geophysica, 68(6), 1565–1593. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11600-020-00486-1
Syuhada, S., Hananto, N. D., Abdullah, C. I., Puspito, N. T., Anggono, T., & Yudistira, T. (2016). Crustal Structure Along Sunda-Banda Arc Transition Zone from Teleseismic Receiver Functions. Acta Geophysica, 64(6), 2020–2049. https://doi.org/10.1515/acgeo-2015-0098
Talebi, A., Rahimi, H., & Moradi, A. (2024). Coda Wave Attenuation in the Zagros Collision Zone in Southwest of Iran and Its Tectonic Implications. Acta Geophysica, 73(1), 119–130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11600-024-01406-3
Wang, W., & Shearer, P. M. (2017). Using Direct and Coda Wave Envelopes to Resolve the Scattering and Intrinsic Attenuation Structure of Southern California. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 122(9), 7236–7251. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JB013810
Woodgold, C. R. D. (1994). Coda Q in the Charlevoix, Quebec, Region: Lapse-Time Dependence and Spatial and Temporal Comparisons. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 84(4), 1123–1131. https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0840041123
Wu, J., Jiao, W., Ming, Y., & Su, W. (2006). Attenuation of Coda Waves at the Changbaishan Tianchi Volcanic Area in Northeast China. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 163(7), 1351–1368. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-006-0076-4
Zelt, B. C., Dotzev, N. T., Ellis, R. M., & Rogers, G. C. (1999). Coda Q in Southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 89(4), 1083–1093. https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0890041083
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ayu Puput Ariyanti, Titi Anggono, Aditya Dwi Prasetio, Kartika Hajar Kirana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
