Effectiveness of Collaborative Project-Based Learning to Improve Critical Thinking Science in Elementary School

Authors

salsadilla Maryan Ningsih , Ana Fitrotun Nisa , Akbar Al Masjid , Banun Havifah Khosiyono , Berliana Henu Cahyani

DOI:

10.29303/jppipa.v11i5.10949

Published:

2025-05-25

Issue:

Vol. 11 No. 5 (2025): May

Keywords:

Collaborative, Critical thinking, Project-based learning

Research Articles

Downloads

How to Cite

Ningsih, salsadilla M., Nisa, A. F., Al Masjid, A., Khosiyono, B. H., & Cahyani, B. H. (2025). Effectiveness of Collaborative Project-Based Learning to Improve Critical Thinking Science in Elementary School. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(5), 749–760. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i5.10949

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Abstract

The use of project-based collaborative models in learning can hone critical thinking skills in learning. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of collaborative project-based learning model innovations on the critical thinking skills of elementary school students in science lessons. The research method is a quasi-experiment with one-group pretest-posttest design. The data collection tool uses observation sheets for the implementation of learning models and critical thinking description tests. Indicators of critical thinking are inference, explanation, interpretation, and metacognition. The results of the research obtained in the form of a collaborative project-based learning model ran very well in phase one 92% and phase two 100%. There was an increase in the average pretest score of 56.73 and posttest of 91.57. The results of the effect size test (cohen'd) showed a very high category of 5.94, in the very high category. It can be concluded that collaborative project-based learning models are very effective in improving critical thinking in elementary school science.

References

Anggraito, Y. U., Ridlo, S., & Harahap, F. (2023). STEM- PjBL Learning: The Impacts on Students’ Critical Thinking, Creative Thinking, Communication, and Collaboration Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(7), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i7.2985

Anggriani, M. D., Intansari, I., & Indrianii, L. (2024). Project-Based Learning: Cultivating Collaborative Skills in Science Education. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 13(5), 184–190. http://dx.doi.org/10.33578/jpfkip-v13i5.p184-190

Astawan, I. G., Suarjana, I. M., Werang, B. R., Asaloei, S. I., Sianturi, M., & Elele, E. C. (2023). STEM-Based Scientific Learning and Its Impact on Students’ Critical and Creative Thinking Skills: An Empirical Study. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 12(3), 482–492. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v12i3.46882

Astra, I. M., Khoirulloh, H., & Rahayu, Y. (2024). The Implementation of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Assisted by Video on Momentum and Impuls Material to Improve Students Critical Thinking Abilities. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(2), 704–713. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i2.6230

Awang, Z., Yakob, N., Hamzah, A., Talling, M. M., & Steam, F. R. (2020). Exploring STEAM Teaching in Preschool Using Fred Rogers Approach. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 9(4), 1071–1078. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v9i4.20674

Azmi, N. (2023). Meta Analysis: The Influence of Instrument Assessment on Project-Based Learning Models to Improve 4C Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(4), 2184–2190. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i4.2606

Biantoro, P. P., & Pertiwi, K. R. (2024). Development of IBSC (Investigation Based Science Collaborative) Based Student Worksheet on Human Respiratory System to Improve Science Literacy and Collaboration Skills of Grade XI Students. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(9), 6473–6489. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i9.8560

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research Methods in Education. In Research Methods in Education. USA and Canada: Taylor & Francis e-Library. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203029053

Dafit, F., Gurning, R. F., Anggriani, & Dwi, M. (2024). 4C Abilities (Critical Thinking, Communication, Collaboration, Creativity) of Elementary School Students in Learning the Indonesian Language. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 13(5), 191–200. Retrieved from https://repository.uir.ac.id/24729/

Danil, M., Corebima, A. D., Mahanal, S., & Ibrohim, I. (2023). The Connection between Students’ Retention and Critical Thinking Skills in Diverse Academic Skills in Biology Learning. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 12(2), 241–251. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v12i2.39983

Dewi, M. R., & Arifin, Z. (2024). Analysis of 21 st Century Skills in the Implementation of Project Based Learning in Biology Learning Merdeka Curriculum. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(4), 2118–2127. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i4.5941

Hasan, M., Arisah, N., S, R., Ahmad, M. I. S., & Miranda, M. (2023). Experiential Learning Model for the Development of Collaborative Skills through Project Based Learning Practicum. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 12(2), 340–349. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpiundiksha.v12i2.57376

Hidayatullah, A. R., Yamtinah, S., & Masykuri, M. (2022). Development of A Two-Tier Multiple-Choice Instrument Based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) on Acids, Bases, and Salts. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(2), 932–938. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i2.1423

Isa, Z. C., & Azid, N. (2021). Embracing TVET Education: The Effectiveness of Project Based Learning on Secondary School Students’ Achievement. IJERE, 10(3), 1072–1079. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v10i3.21392

Kawuryan, S. P., & Sayuti, S. A., & Aman, A. (2022). Critical Thinking Among Fourth Grade Elementary Schol Students: A Gender Perspective. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 41(1), 211–224. Retrieved from https://discovery.researcher.life/download/article/dd6a49715df13c978d327921cdb9ddd2/full-text

Khairani, D., & Tressyalina, T. (2020). The Influence of Project Based Learning Model on Student Writing Skills. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 464, 48-51. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200824.012

Khoiri, N., Ristanto, S., & Kurniawan, A. F. (2023). Project-Based Learning Via Traditional Game in Physics Learning: Its Impact on Critical Thinking, Creative Thinking, and Collaborative Skills. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 12(2), 286–292. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v12i2.43198

Lidyasari, A. T. (2023). Project-Based Learning (PjBL) Learning Model in Improving Critical Thinking Abilities in Elementary Schools to Support 21st Century Learning. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(11), 1165–1170. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i11.4776

Mahulae, P. S., Makahinda, T., Silangen, P. M., & Rampengan, A. M. (2023). Effectiveness of Project Based Learning Model in Learning Evaluation Course in Physics Education Study Programme. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(SpecialIssue), 1077–1082. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9ispecialissue.5891

Muhibbin, A., & Khoirunisa, R. I. (2023). Strengthening Project Profile Pancasila Students for Developing Students’ Collaborative Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(SpecialIssue), 859–864. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9ispecialissue.6171

Mursalim, S., Rukman, W. Y., & Wajdi, M. (2023). The Effect of Project-Based Learning Model on Students’ Cognitive Learning Outcomes and Collaborative Skill of Excretion System Concept. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(5), 2533–2540. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i5.2392

Mutakinati, L., & Anwari, I. (2018). Analysis of Students Critical Thinking Skill of Middle School Through STEM Education Project-Based Learning. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 7(1), 54–65. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v7i1.10495

Purwaningsih, E., Sari, S. P., Sari, A. M., & Suryadi, A. (2020). The Effect of STEM-PjBL and Discovery Learning on Improving Students’ Problem-Solving Skills of the Impulse and Momentum Topic. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 9(4), 465–476. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v9i4.26432

Puspita, A. D., Maryani, I., & Sukma, H. H. (2023). Problem-Based Science Learning in Elementary Schools: A Bibliometric Analysis. Journal of Education and Learning, 17(2), 285–293. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v17i2.20856

Rahayu, A. H., Widodo, A., Saud, U. S., & Muslim, M. (2025). Transforming TPACK of Elementary School Teachers: The Role of Training Based on Collaboration, Practice, and Reflection. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 14(1), 59–70. https://doi.org/10.33578/jpfkip-v14i1.p59-70

Rorimpandey, W. H. F., & Modeong, I. (2024). The Effect of the STEM Learning Model on IPA Learning Outcomes of Grade 4 Students at SD Negeri 2 Kotabunan. Jurnal Mimbar Sekolah Dasar, 11(1), 210–221. https://doi.org/10.53400/mimbar-sd.v11i1.63061

Rupavijetra, P., Nilsook, P., Jitsupa, J., & Nopparit, T. (2022). Collaborative Project - Based Learning to Train Students for Conducting the Training Project for Older Adults. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 11(4), 2039–2048. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v11i4.22888

Sajidan, S., Suranto, S., Atmojo, I. R. W., & Saputri, D. Y. (2022). Problem-Based Learning-Collaboration (Pbl-C) Model in Elementary School Science Learning in the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0 and Indonesia Society 5.0. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 11(3), 477–488. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v11i3.30631

Saputra, H., Firmansyah, J., & Ihsan, A. (2023). Inquiry Project Laboratory: The Collaborative Problem Solving and Critical Thinking on Laboratory. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(9), 704–711. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i9.5038

Sawji, H., Murtini, W., Akbarini, N. R., Permansah, S., & Rusmana, D. (2024). Exploratory Factor Analysis-Instrument for Self-Assessment of Computation Thinking Skills and Collaboration Skills. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v13i2.25734

Suastra, I. W., Rapi, N. K., Yasa, P., & Arjana, I. G. (2021). Elaborating Indigenous Science Content into Science Learning Process: A New Science Instructional Model to Develop Students’ Local Wisdom-Based Characters and Higher Order Thinking Skills. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 10(3), 516–524. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpi-undiksha.v10i3.31176

Subiyantoro, S. (2024). Evaluating Students’ Experiences with Project-Based Learning in Online Educational Contexts. Edukasia: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 5(1), 619–624. https://doi.org/10.62775/edukasia.v5i1.812

Suciati, S., Silvita, S., Prasetyo, O., Fauziah, M. D., Santika, K. D., Norawi, A. M., & Rahman, H. T. (2023). Problem-Based Learning Models: Their Effectiveness in Improving Creative Thinking Skills of Students with Different Academic Skills in Science Learning. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 12(4), 672–683. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v12i4.44752

Sugiyono, S. (2016). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif, Kuantitatif dan, R&D (19th ed.). Bandung: Alfabeta.

Suradika, A., Dewi, H. I., & Nasution, M. I. (2023). Project-Based Learning and Problem-Based Learning Models in Critical and Creative Students. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 12(1), 153–167. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v12i1.39713

Suratmi, S., & Sopandi, W. (2022). Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes of Teachers in Training Critical Thinking of Elementary School Students. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 16(3), 291–298. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v16i3.20493

Susanti, M., Suyanto, S., Jailani, J., & Retnawati, H. (2023). Problem-Based Learning for Improving Problem-Solving and Critical Thinking Skills: A Case on Probability Theory Course. Journal of Education and Learning, 17(4), 507–525. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v17i4.20866

Tanti, T., Kurniawan, D. A., Kuswanto, K., Utami, W., & Wardhana, I. (2020). Science Process Skills and Critical Thinking in Science: Urban and Rural Disparity. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 9(4), 489–498. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v9i4.24139

Tereshchuk, S., Sharov, S., Tereshchuk, A., Kolmakova, V., & Sharova, T. (2023). Critical Thinking and Hypothetic-Deductive Scheme for Studying the Elements of Quantum Theory. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v12i3.25249

Thao, N. P., Huong, L. T. T., Dinh, N. V., Hang, N. T. T., Quyen, C. V., Cuong, L. M., & Thao, T. T. P. (2024). Current Situation of Primary School Teachers’ Integrated STEM Teaching Competence: An Exploratory Study in the Northern Mountainous Provinces of Vietnam. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 13(1), 64–75. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v13i1.49636

Ting, K. S., Talib, O., Fauzi, A., Ayub, M., Zolkepli, M., & Yee, C. C. (2025). Rasch Model Assessment of Algebraic Word Problem Among Year 8 Malaysian Students. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 13(2), 1088–1099. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v13i2.25721

Umam, K., & Susandi, A. D. (2022). Critical Thinking Skills: Error Identifications on Students’ with APOS Theory. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 11(1), 182–192. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v11i1.21171

Wahidin, D., & Romli, L. A. M. (2020). The National Scinces And Mathematics in Competition in Indonesia: A Descriptive Study. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 9(1), 106–116. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v9i1.22240

Wahyudi, A. B. E., Salimi, M., Hidayah, R., Zainnuri, H., & Fajari, L. E. W. (2024). The Improvement of Students’ Creative and Collaborative Thinking Skills by Applying STEAM-Integrated Project-Based Learning. Jurnal Iqra’: Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, 9(1), 16–29. https://doi.org/10.25217/ji.v9i1.4438

Wedasuwari, I. A. M., Susrawan, I. N. A., Putra, I. K. W., Laksmi, N. N. A. T., & Pinatih, N. L. E. P. (2024). Digital-Based Literary Appreciation Teaching Materials to Strengthen Students’ Communicative and Collaborative Character. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 13(2), 249–257. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpiundiksha.v13i2.75908

Wibowo, A. M., Utaya, S., Wahjoedi, W., Zubaidah, S., Amin, S., & Prasad, R. R. (2024). Critical Thinking and Collaboration Skills on Environmental Awareness in Project-Based Science Learning. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 13(1), 103–115. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v13i1.48561

Wicaksono, S. R., Lubis, M. S. A., Suprapto, E., Khasanah, K., & Ulimaz, A. (2021). Improvisation of Project Based Learning with Combination of Collaborative Learning as a Rapid Response to Pandemic Learning. Jurnal Iqra’: Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(2), 215–224. https://doi.org/10.25217/ji.v6i2.1408

Winarni, R. (2023). The Effect of Project Based Learning on Creative Writing Skills in Elementary School Students: Multivariate Analysis of Variance on Themes, Diction, Imagination. Jurnal Iqra’ Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, 8(2), 120–129. https://doi.org/10.25217/ji.v8i2.2826

Wulandari, T., & Rohaeti, E. (2024). Research-Oriented Collaborative Inquiry Learning (REORCILEA) Model: Improvement of Students’ Critical Thinking Ability and Collaborative Skills in Thermochemistry of Materials. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(9), 6809–6814. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i9.8355

Yanti, N., & Rahmad, M. (2023). Application of PjBL (Project Based Learning) Based Physics Learning Model to Improve Collaboration Skills and Creative Thinking Ability of Students. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(11), 9973–9978. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i11.5275

Yuliarti, Y., Marlina, L., Siahaan, S. M., Fathurohman, A., & Sudirman, S. (2023). Profile of High School Students’ Critical Thinking Skills About Renewable Energy Materials. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(11), 10151–10160. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i11.5418

Zetriuslita, Z., Ariawan, R., & Nufus, H. (2016). Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Mahasiswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Uraian Kalkulus Integral Berdasarkan Level Kemampuan Mahasiswa. Infinity Journal, 5(1), 56. https://doi.org/10.22460/infinity.v5i1.p56-66

Author Biographies

salsadilla Maryan Ningsih, Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa

Ana Fitrotun Nisa, Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa

Akbar Al Masjid, Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa

Banun Havifah Khosiyono, Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa

Berliana Henu Cahyani, Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa

License

Copyright (c) 2025 salsadilla Maryan Ningsih, Ana Fitrotun Nisa, Akbar Al Masjid, Banun Havifah Khosiyono, Berliana Henu Cahyani

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).