Innovating 3D Learning Media through Experiential Learning: A Strategy to Improve Students’ Motivation and Critical Thinking in Science Learning
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v11i7.11335Published:
2025-07-25Downloads
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of 3D media based on experiential learning in enhancing students’ learning motivation and critical thinking skills on the topic of the human respiratory system. The media was developed using the ADDIE model and tested through a quasi-experimental design involving eighth-grade students divided into control and experimental groups. Data were collected through pretest, posttest, questionnaires, observation, and interviews. The experimental group used 3D web-based media, while the control group received conventional instruction. Results showed a significant increase in the experimental group’s motivation, especially in interest, effort, persistence, and self-confidence. Critical thinking also improved, particularly in argumentation and implementation. Welch’s t-test showed a significance value of 0.000, and n-gain analysis revealed higher effectiveness in the experimental group, with learning motivation categorized as high (n-gain = 0.7) and critical thinking as moderate (n-gain = 0.5), compared to low in the control group (n-gain = 0.3). The integration of interactive 3D visualization with experiential learning allowed students to better connect theoretical concepts to real-life applications. These findings suggest that experiential learning-based 3D media is a powerful tool to improve motivation and critical thinking in science education.
Keywords:
Critical thinking Experiential learning Learning motivation Respiratory systemReferences
Adiputra, D. K., & Hidayah, N. (2025). Transformasi Pembelajaran Abad 21. Goresan Pena.
Afrina, M., Siska, J., & Danim, S. (2023). Developing Android-Based Chemistry Learning Media Using the Inquiry Model to Improve Students’ Learning Outcomes and Critical Thinking Ability. Tadbir : Jurnal Studi Manajemen Pendidikan, 7(2), 409. https://doi.org/10.29240/jsmp.v7i2.8162
Akram, A., & Maryam, K. (2021). Pengembangan Media Interaktif Berbasis Blog di SMA Negeri 1 Tommo. Jurnal Literasi Digital, 1(2), 139–147. https://doi.org/10.54065/jld.1.2.2021.36
Amanda, F. F., Sumitro, S. B., Lestari, S. R., & Ibrohim. (2022). The Correlation of Critical Thinking and Concept Mastery to Problem-Solving Skills: The Role of Complexity Science-Problem Based Learning Model. Pedagogika, 146(2), 80–94. https://doi.org/10.15823/p.2022.146.4
Amarta, R. H., Fajriyah, K., & Subekti, E. E. (2023). Pengembangan Media Video Pembelajaran Berbasis Aplikasi Adobe Premiere Materi Sistem Pernapasan pada Manusia untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Kelas V SD N Banjar Harjo 01. Wawasan Pendidikan, 3(1), 131–139. https://doi.org/10.26877/wp.v3i1.10690
Amelia, L. D., & Kurniawan, K. (2024). Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Teks Argumentasi Berbasis Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis pada Siswa SMA Kelas XI. In Seminar Internasional Riksa Bahasa, 31–42.
Asela, S., Unik Hanifah Salsabila, Lestari, N. H. P., Sihati, A., Pertiwi, A., & Ririh. (2020). Peran Media Interaktif dalam Pembelajaran PAI bagi Gaya Belajar Peserta Didik Visual. Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian, 1(3), 599–597. Retrieved from https://scispace.com/pdf/peran-media-interaktif-dalam-pembelajaran-pai-bagi-gaya-zcgzgnf3ik.pdf
Atris Yuliarti Mulyani. (2022). Pengembangan Critical Thinking Dalam Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan di Indonesia. DIAJAR: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 1(1), 100–105. https://doi.org/10.54259/diajar.v1i1.226
Az-Zahra, R., Rusdi, R., & Ristanto, R. H. (2021). Metacognitive, Critical Thinking, and Concept Understanding of Motion Systems: A Correlational Study. Bioedukasi: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 14(2), 156. https://doi.org/10.20961/bioedukasi-uns.v14i2.52972
Baumtrog, M. D. (2015). Improving Practical Reasoning and Argumentation. Universidade Nova De Lisboa. Retrieved from https://philarchive.org/rec/BAUIPR-2
Dayanti, I. A. D. M., Suarni, N. K., & Sumantri, M. (2023). Development of Interactive Learning Media on Human Respiratory System Learning Material. Journal of Elementary Education, 7(1), 11–21.
Fatonah, U., & Isdaryanti, B. (2024). Development of Web-Based Learning Media Using Google Sites to Improve Learning Outcomes of IPAS. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(8), 6053–6058. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i8.8151
Gusal, T. P., Sudarmin, S., & Subali, B. (2023). Development of Integrated Science Microlearning Learning Media with Lontara Bugis Local Wisdom Based on Responsive Website Design (RWD). Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(SpecialIssue), 1194–1208. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9ispecialissue.4024
Irawan, B., Maria, H. T., & Mursyid, S. (2018). Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Online Berbasis Website pada Materi Listrik Dinamis. Artikel Penelitian Pendidikan Fisika, 7(9), 1–9. Retrieved from https://jurnal.untan.ac.id/index.php/jpdpb/article/view/29007
Jafnihirda, L., Suparmi, Ambiyar, Rizal, F., & Pratiwi, K. E. (2023). Efektivitas Perancangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif E-Modul. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 3(1), 227–239. Retrieved from https://j-innovative.org/index.php/Innovative/article/view/2734
Jalmo, T., Rakhmawati, I., & Nuraini, K. (2023). The Effect of Respiratory Augmented Reality Media on Analysis and Evaluation Skills of Eight Grades Students. Biosfer, 15(2), 169–177. Retrieved from https://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/biosfer/article/view/23142
Kim, H.-Y. (2019). Statistical Notes for Clinical Researchers: The Independent Samples t-test. Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, 44(3), 2–7. https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2019.44.e26
Kolb, D. A. (2014). Experiential learning: Experience as The Source of Learning and Development. FT Press.
Kumi-Yeboah, A., Kim, Y., Sallar, A. M., & Kiramba, L. K. (2020). Exploring The Use of Digital Technologies from The Perspective of Diverse Learners in Online Learning Environments. Online Learning Journal, 24(4), 42–63. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v24i4.2323
Libao, N. J. P., Sagun, J. J. B., Tamangan, E. A., Pattalitan, A. P., Dupa, M. E. D., & Bautista, R. G. (2016). Science Learning Motivation as Correlate of Students’ Academic Performances. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 6(3), 209–218. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.231
M, K., & E, S. (2021). Penerapan Multimedia Interaktif untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar dan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran IPA. PETIK: Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi, 7(1), 63–70. https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2019.44.e26
Mhlanga, D., & Moloi, T. (2020). COVID-19 and The Digital Transformation of Education: What are we learning on Air in South Africa? Education Sciences, 10(7), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10070180
Morris, T. H. (2020). Experiential Learning–A Aystematic Review and Revision of Kolb’s Model. Interactive Learning Environments, 28(8), 1064–1077. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2019.1570279
Mundi Adi, A., & Lestari, W. (2022). Implementation of Experiential Learning to Improve Critical Thinking Skill of Smk Graders. Education and Human Development Journal, 6(3), 52–60. https://doi.org/10.33086/ehdj.v6i3.2519
Ningsih, L. R., Miarsyah, M., & Rusdi, R. (2019). Interactive Media of Respiratory System Material “Resysmart” based on Problem-based Learning. JPBI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia), 5(3), 459–470. https://doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v5i3.7807
Nugraha, M. S., Rosdianto, H., & Sulistri, E. (2022). Korelasi antara Pemahaman Konsep Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMA. Jurnal Phi Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Dan Fisika Terapan, 3(3), 29. https://doi.org/10.22373/p-jpft.v3i3.14843
Pratama, G. R., Aminah, S., Utami, A. W., Devanatasha, S., & Amalia, K. (2024). Pengaruh Lingkungan Belajar Terhadap Motivasi dan Kreativitas Siswa di SMP Negeri 20 Surabaya. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Dan Sosial, 3(4), 290–297. https://doi.org/10.58540/jipsi.v3i4.687
Purwasih, D., Novianti, E., & Jumadi, J. (2022). Students Response toward development of e-module in physics material on respiratory system. Jurnal Pijar Mipa, 17(4), 520–524. https://doi.org/10.29303/jpm.v17i4.3466
Ratumbuisang, K. F., & Ratumbuisang, Y. F. (2023). Interactive Multimedia As Instructional Media for Elementary School Students. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Dan Teknologi Informasi (JIPTI), 4(2), 245–254. https://doi.org/10.52060/pti.v4i2.1516
Sahlan, S., Widodo, W., & Ishafit, I. (2023). Pengaruh Model Experiential Learning Berbantuan Aplikasi Phyphox Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Fisika di SMA. Karst: Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Dan Terapannya, 4(3), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.46918/karst.v4i2.1142
Said, A. R., Iriansyah, H. S., & Huzaefah, O. (2023). Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Multimedia Interaktif Berbasis WEB Google Sites Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa SMPN I Teluknaga Tangerang. Jurnal Citizenship Virtues, 3(2), 544–558. https://doi.org/10.37640/jcv.v3i2.1872
Shehzadi, S., Nisar, Q. A., Hussain, M. S., Basheer, M. F., Hameed, W. U., & Chaudhry, N. I. (2021). The Role of Digital Learning Toward Students’ Satisfaction and University Brand Image at Educational Institutes of Pakistan: A Post-effect of COVID-19. Asian Education and Development Studies, 10(2), 276–294. https://doi.org/10.1108/AEDS-04-2020-0063
Sina, S. A., Uloli, R., & Abdjul, T. (2023). Website Development as a Physics Learning Media on Heat and its Transfer Materials. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(8), 5874–5883. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i8.4189
Susanti, R., Herlina, N., & Nugraha, E. (2022). Penerapan Media Visual dan Aktivitas Berbasis Proyek dalam Pembelajaran IPA Untuk Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri dan Partisipasi Siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains, 10(2), 145–153.
Susanti, T., Murniasari, F., & Oryza, D. (2022). Model Pembelajaran Experiential Learning “Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis” Peserta Didik. Biodik, 9(1), 157–166. https://doi.org/10.22437/bio.v9i1.21434
Teplá, M., Teplý, P., & Šmejkal, P. (2022). Influence of 3D models and animations on students in natural subjects. International Journal of STEM Education, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-022-00382-8
Usman, O., & Adhellya, P. (2021). The Effect of Learning Interest, Learning Facilities, and Learning Motivation on Learning Outcomes (Case Study of UNJ Office Administrative Education Students). Learning Facilities, and Learning Motivation on Learning Outcomes (Case Study of UNJ Office Administrative Education Students). Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3996666
Wafi, M. Al, Lisdiana, L., & Sumarti, S. S. (2022). Development of STEAM-Based Human Respiratory System Teaching Materials to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skills. Journal of Innovative Science Education, 11(3), 295–304. https://doi.org/10.15294/jise.v10i1.54905
Wulandari, A. Y. R. (2018). Correlation between Critical Thinking and Conceptual Understanding of Student’s Learning Outcome in Mechanics Concept. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2014(May). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5054432
Xu, Y., Yau, K. W., Chai, C. S., Chiu, T. K. F., Meng, H., & King, I. (2023). An Experiential Learning Approach to Learn AI in an Online Workshop. 2023 IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/TALE56641.2023.10398321
Zannatunna’imah, S., Leny, & Hamid, A. (2021). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Experiential Learning melalui Google Classroom terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains dan Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik pada Materi Hidrolisis Garam. JCAE : Journal of Chemistry and Education, 4(3), 93–100. Retrieved from http://103.81.100.242/index.php/jcae/article/view/780
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Fannya Nadim Rooshadiya, Arif Widiyatmoko, Ellianawati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
