Access to Digital as a Moderating Influence of Parental Role and Balanced Screen Time on Elementary School Children's Digital Literacy Educationally
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v11i7.12225Published:
2025-07-25Downloads
Abstract
This study aims to explore the dynamics of digital literacy of elementary school children in Madura and examine the role of parental involvement, balanced screen time and access to technology and digital literacy outcomes. Using a quantitative approach where data were collected through online and in-person questionnaires distributed to 210 parents of elementary school students in Madura. then analyzed using SEM-PLS version 3.0. This study revealed that parental involvement does not have a positive influence on digital literacy of elementary school children. Given the low economic status of parents, it is difficult to access digital. Balanced screen time was found to influence digital literacy, which emphasizes the importance of managing screen time for educational purposes. Access to technology as a moderator strengthens the impact of parental involvement and balanced screen time on digital literacy. This study contributes to the understanding of digital literacy of primary school children in Madura. The findings provide valuable insights for education stakeholders, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive curriculum, parental engagement, equitable access to technology and customized digital learning platforms. This knowledge can inform policies and practices aimed at improving digital literacy in primary school children's education, promoting a balanced and inclusive educational environment in Indonesia.
Keywords:
Access to technology Balanced screen time Digital literacy Parental InvolvementReferences
Alia, T., & Irwansyah, I. (2018). Pendampingan orang tua pada anak usia dini dalam penggunaan teknologi digital [parent mentoring of young children in the use of digital technology]. Polyglot: Jurnal Ilmiah, 14(1), 65–78. Retrieved from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/208609549.pdf
Anshorulloh, R. (2008). Efektivitas Metode Mnemonik Dalam Meningkatkan Daya Ingat Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah Di MTs Persiapan Negeri Kota Batu [Thesis: Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim]. Retrieved from http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/4320/
Ardiansyah, M. (2020). Kontribusi Tingkat Pendidikan Orang Tua, Lingkungan, Dan Kecerdasan Logis Terhadap Kemampuan Kerpikir Kritis Matematis [Contribution of Parental Education Level, Environment, and Logical Intelligence to Mathematical Critical Thinking Ability. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika (Kudus), 3(2), 163–178. Retrieved from https://shorturl.asia/nzVKs
Asmayawati. (2023). Parental Involvement in Mattering Early Childhood Digital Literacy: The Role of Balanced Screen Time and Access to Technology Evidence from Indonesia. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis, 6(11), 5220–29. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i11-30
Boiliu, F. M. (2020). Peran Pendidikan Agama Kristen Di Era Digital Sebagai Upaya Mengatasi Penggunaan Gadget Yang Berlebihan Pada Anak Dalam Keluarga Di Era Disrupsi 4.0. REAL DIDACHE: Journal of Christian. https://doi.org/10.53547/realdidache.v1i1.73
Cynthia, R. E., & Sihotang, H. (2023). Melangkah Bersama Di Era Digital: Pentingnya Literasi Digital Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Dan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Peserta Didik. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 7(3), 31712–31723. Retrieved from http://repository.uki.ac.id/13649/
Davidson, C. (2012). Seeking the Green Basilisk Lizard: Acquiring Digital Literacy Practices in the Home. Journal of Early Childhood Literacy, 12(1), 24–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468798411416788
Deursen, A. J. A. M., & Dijk, J. A. G. M. V. (2019). The First-Level Digital Divide Shifts from Inequalities in Physical Access to Inequalities in Material Access. New Media & Society, 21(2), 354–375. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444818797082
Dvoryanchikov, N., Dozortseva, E., Delibalt, V., Natalia, B., Rubtsova, O., & Bovina, I. (2020). Deviant Online Behavior In Adolescent And Youth Circles: In Search Of A Risk Assessment Model. International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering and Education (IJCRSEE), 8(2). Retrieved from https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=7953241
Ghozali, I. (2006). Structural Equation Modeling: Metode Alternatif Dengan Partial Least Squares (PLS (Vol. 1). Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Goulding, A., Shuker, M. J., & Dickie, J. (2018). Apps on laps: digital storytimes in public libraries in Aotearoa New Zealand. Library Hi Tech, 36(2), 252–269. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-02-2017-0040
Gupta, P., Shah, D., Bedi, N., Galagali, P., Dalwai, S., Agrawal, S., John, J. J., Mahajan, V., Meena, P., & Mittal, H. G. (2022). Indian Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines on Screen Time and Digital Wellness in Infants, Children and Adolescents. Indian Pediatrics, 59(3), 235–244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-022-2477-6
Iys Nur, H. (2022). Peran orang tua pada pengenalan literasi digital untuk anak usia dini di era teknologi digital. Annual Conference on Islamic Early Childhood Education (ACIECE), 6, 101–110. Retrieved from https://conference.uin-suka.ac.id/index.php/aciece/article/view/898
Kumpulainen, K., Sairanen, H., & Nordström, A. (2020). Young Children’s Digital Literacy Practices in the Sociocultural Contexts of Their Homes. Journal of Early Childhood Literacy, 20(3), 472–499. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468798420925116
Masyhura, N. (2022). Implementation of digital literacy in elementary schools. International Journal of Elementary Education. Retrieved from https://repository.uir.ac.id/12929/
McDougall, J., Readman, M., & Wilkinson, P. (2018). The Uses of (Digital) Literacy. Learning, Media and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2018.1462206
Nudin, B., Sihab, W., Aldinata, N., & Imaduddin, M. D. (2024). The Role Of Parents And Families In Children ’ s Education In The Digital Era. Linguanusa Social Humanities, Education and Linguistic, 2(1), 9–22. https://doi.org/10.63605/ln.v2i1.35
Raccah, A. A. (2024). The Role of Digital Capital in Parental Engagement. Education and Information Technologies, 29(13), 16901–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12455-y
Rizal, C., Rosyidah, U. A., Yusnanto, T., Akbar, M. R., Hidayat, L., Setiawan, J., Ilham, A., Yunus, R., Wardhani, A. K., Rahajeng, E., Nay, F. A., Irawan, J. D., Muflihah, Y., & A., & A. (2022). Literasi Digital. Padang: PT Global Eksekutif Teknologi.
Saumantri, T. (2023). Hyper religiusitas di era digital: Analisis paradigma postmodernisme Jean Baudrillard terhadap fenomena keberagamaan di media sosial. Al-Mutharahah: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Kajian Sosial Keagamaan, 20(1), 107–123. https://doi.org/10.46781/al-mutharahah.v20i1.646
Suci, L. E., Addainuri, M. I., & Abidin, M. (2023). The Effect of Economic Growth, Education, Unemployment, and Human Development Index on Poverty in The Special Region of Yogyakarta For Period 2015-2021. Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Terapan, 8(2), 284–96. https://doi.org/10.20473/jiet.v8.i2.51028
Sugiyono. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif Dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: PT Alfabeta.
Sukasih, S. (2021). Digital Literation and Development Emotional Social Skills at Elementary School Students in The Social Era 5 . 0. PROCEEDING KaPIN International Seminar 2021 Welcoming The Society 5.0 Era with Writing Litearacy Acceleration, 17–26. Retrieved from https://journal.kapin.org/index.php/Proceeding/article/view/11
Susanto. (2021). The Integration of Digital Literacy in Learning at Islamic Elementary School to Prevent the Students ’ Deviant Behavior. Al Ibtida: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru MI, 8(2), 205–21. https://doi.org/10.24235/al.ibtida.snj.v8i2.9125
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Suryadi

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).






