Development of Science E-Modules Based on PjBL (Project Based Learning) in Grade VIII to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v11i10.12283Published:
2025-10-25Downloads
Abstract
Exercise questions used by educators are still in the form of questions that are classified as easy and have not been able to improve the ability to think critically One of the learning needs of learners is a learning resource that is in accordance with the development of the 21st century. (e-module). The purpose of this research is to produce a project-based learning (PjBL)-based science e-module with valid, practical, and effective categories.with valid, practical, and effective categories. This research is a type of research and development with the ADDIE development model, namely Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation. The research instrument consists of a preliminary questionnaire, validation instrument, practicality instrument, and effectiveness instrument. Data analysis techniques consist of preliminary study data, validity data, practicality data, and effectiveness data. Based on the results of the assessment of project-based learning (PjBL) based science e-modules conducted by experts, the results obtained with an average validation by media experts, material experts and linguists are in the valid category. The practicality of e-modules assessed by teachers and students of SMPN 6 Padang Panjang is in the practical and very practical categories. Effectiveness, project-based learning (PjBL) based science e-modules are in the effective category. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that project-based learning-based science e-modules meet the criteria of valid, practical, and effective.
Keywords:
Critical thinking E-module Project based learningReferences
Abdi, S. J. (2023). A Comprehensive Guide for Selecting Appropriate Statistical Tests: Understanding When to Use Parametric and Nonparametric Tests. Open Journal of Statistics, 13(04), 464–474. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojs.2023.134023
Abdullah, Herdini, & Putri, T. S. (2024). Validity and Practicality of E-Module Based on Phenomenon Based Learning Using Articulate Storyline on Material Colligative Properties of Solutions. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(2), 764–775. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i2.5837
Abdulrahaman, M. D., Faruk, N., Oloyede, A. A., Surajudeen-Bakinde, N. T., Olawoyin, L. A., Mejabi, O. V., Imam-Fulani, Y. O., Fahm, A. O., & Azeez, A. L. (2020). Multimedia tools in the teaching and learning processes: A systematic review. Heliyon, 6(11), e05312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05312
Aini, K., Hobri, Prihandoko, A. C., Yuniar, D., Faozi, A. K. A., & Asmoni. (2020). The students’ mathematical communication skill on caring community-based learning cycle 5E. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1538(1), 012075. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1538/1/012075
Anjani, F., Fatmawati, U., & Ariyanto, J. (2024). Development e-module on genetic materials to enhance student’s critical thinking skills. Biosfer, 17(1), 32–44. https://doi.org/10.21009/biosferjpb.29539
Awaludin, A., Ruhiat, Y., Anriani, N., & Suryadi, S. (2024). The Effect of Learning Method and Self-Confidence on Student Learning Outcomes. IJORER: International Journal of Recent Educational Research, 5(3), 733–747. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v5i3.604
Azairok, M., & Fathurohman, A. (2023). Development of E-Learning Based Learning Media Assisted by Chamilo in Learning Physics to Improve Learning Outcomes of High School Students. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(10), 7871–7878. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i10.4594
Bhardwaj, V., Zhang, S., Tan, Y. Q., & Pandey, V. (2025). Redefining learning: Student-centered strategies for academic and personal growth. Frontiers in Education, 10, 1518602. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1518602
Blanka, C., Krumay, B., & Rueckel, D. (2022). The interplay of digital transformation and employee competency: A design science approach. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 178, 121575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121575
Dini, A., Rahmatan, H., Muhibbudin, Nurmaliah, C., & Safrida. (2023). Application of the E-module combined with the Guided Inquiry Learning Model to Increase Student Motivation and Learning Outcomes on the Structure and Function of Plant Tissues. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(6), 4768–4776. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i6.3857
Doyan, A., Harjono, A., & Qadafi, M. (2024). Trends Research Project Based Learning (PjBL) Model to Improve Problem Solving Skills in Students’ Science Learning (2015-2024): A Systematic Review. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(7), 498–507. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i7.8280
Golden, B. (2023). Enabling critical thinking development in higher education through the use of a structured planning tool. Irish Educational Studies, 42(4), 949–969. https://doi.org/10.1080/03323315.2023.2258497
Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., & Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the role of digital technologies in education: A review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004
Harahap, N. I., Hakim, R., Rayendra, & Ridwan. (2024). Development of Physics Learning E-Module for Class X High School Students. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(7), 3689–3696. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i7.7548
Heriansyah, M. (2020). Proactivity inventory development for senior high school students. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 6(1), 27–30. https://doi.org/10.29210/02020344
Herlinawati, H., Marwa, M., Ismail, N., Junaidi, Liza, L. O., & Situmorang, D. D. B. (2024). The integration of 21st century skills in the curriculum of education. Heliyon, 10(15), e35148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35148
Horváth, D., & Szabó, R. Zs. (2019). Driving forces and barriers of Industry 4.0: Do multinational and small and medium-sized companies have equal opportunities? Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146, 119–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.05.021
Javaid, M., Haleem, A., Singh, R. P., & Sinha, A. K. (2024). Digital economy to improve the culture of industry 4.0: A study on features, implementation and challenges. Green Technologies and Sustainability, 2(2), 100083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.grets.2024.100083
Khotimah, N., Pamuji, & Astawan, I. G. (2024). The Effectiveness of Early Science and Mathematics Development E-Modules to Improve Early Childhood Concept Understanding. Mimbar Ilmu, 29(2), 343–349. https://doi.org/10.23887/mi.v29i2.84541
Kraus, S., Jones, P., Kailer, N., Weinmann, A., Chaparro-Banegas, N., & Roig-Tierno, N. (2021). Digital Transformation: An Overview of the Current State of the Art of Research. Sage Open, 11(3), 21582440211047576. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211047576
Kumpas-Lenk, K., Eisenschmidt, E., & Veispak, A. (2018). Does the design of learning outcomes matter from students’ perspective? Studies in Educational Evaluation, 59, 179–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2018.07.008
Li, M.-M., & Tu, C.-C. (2024). Developing a Project-Based Learning Course Model Combined with the Think–Pair–Share Strategy to Enhance Creative Thinking Skills in Education Students. Education Sciences, 14(3), 233. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14030233
Luh Gede Sutaryani, Ni Made Pujani, & I Nyoman Tika. (2024). Project-Based Learning on Science Process Skills and Learning Outcomes in High School Physics: A Quasi-Experimental Study on the Topic of Fluids. Journal of Education Research and Evaluation, 8(4), 806–815. https://doi.org/10.23887/jere.v8i4.83769
Marheni, K. R., Suarjana, I. M., & Paramita, M. V. A. (2024). Interactive E-Module on Perimeter and Area of Plane Figures Based on Balinese Ethnomathematics to Enhance the Creativity Skills. MIMBAR PGSD Undiksha, 12(3), 413–424. https://doi.org/10.23887/jjpgsd.v12i3.91783
Park, W., Wu, J.-Y., & Erduran, S. (2020). The Nature of STEM Disciplines in the Science Education Standards Documents from the USA, Korea and Taiwan: Focusing on Disciplinary Aims, Values and Practices. Science & Education, 29(4), 899–927. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11191-020-00139-1
Pirdayanti, N. P. A., Nitiasih, P. K., Budiarta, L. G. R., & Adnyayanti, N. L. P. E. (2022). The Impact of Videos Based Discovery Learning Towards Young Learners’ Speaking Skill During Pandemic Covid-19. Jurnal Pedagogi Dan Pembelajaran, 5(2), 285–292. https://doi.org/10.23887/jp2.v5i2.45556
Purnamasari, E. F., Maasawet, E. T., Hudiyono, Y., Subagiyo, L., Herliani, & Akhmad. (2024). Effectiveness of Biology E-Module Teaching Materials Based on Flip Pdf Professional Application to Improve Learning Outcomes and Critical Thinking Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(11), 8892–8898. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i11.9147
Putra, A. W., Lamangantjo, C. J., & Uloli, R. (2023). E-Module Development Using the Canva Application on Environmental Pollution Concept. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(7), 4010–4018. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i7.7790
Rasyih, H., Noer, A. M., & Rasmiwetti, R. (2024). Pengembangan E-Modul Berbasis Social Scientific Issue (Ssi) Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Dan Enviromental Care Pada Materi Kimia Hijau Di Kelas X SMA Dengan Menggunakan Aplikasi Fliphtml5. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(8), 6059–6069. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i8.8102
Rehman, N., Huang, X., Mahmood, A., AlGerafi, M. A. M., & Javed, S. (2024). Project-based learning as a catalyst for 21st-Century skills and student engagement in the math classroom. Heliyon, 10(23), e39988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39988
Rietveld, T., & Van Hout, R. (2017). The paired t test and beyond: Recommendations for testing the central tendencies of two paired samples in research on speech, language and hearing pathology. Journal of Communication Disorders, 69, 44–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.07.002
Risniawati, M., Serevina, V., & Delina, M. (2020). The development of E-learning media to improve students’ science literacy skill in Senior High School. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1481, 012075. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1481/1/012075
Sánchez-García, R., & Reyes-de-Cózar, S. (2025). Enhancing Project-Based Learning: A Framework for Optimizing Structural Design and Implementation—A Systematic Review with a Sustainable Focus. Sustainability, 17(11), 4978. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17114978
Selano, Y. P., Sutimin, L. A., & Sumaryati, S. (2024). Web-Based E-Module with a Project Based Learning Approach to Improve Computational Thinking Skills of High School Students. Journal of Education Technology, 8(4), 763–775. https://doi.org/10.23887/jet.v8i4.85248
Sivasankari, N., & Rathika, P. (2025). IoT driven building automation systems: A review on energy efficiency, occupant comfort, and sustainability. Journal of Building Engineering, 104, 112347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112347
Souza, A. S. C. D., & Debs, L. (2024). Concepts, innovative technologies, learning approaches and trend topics in education 4.0: A scoping literature review. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 9, 100902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.100902
Tong, D. H., Uyen, B. P., & Ngan, L. K. (2022). The effectiveness of blended learning on students’ academic achievement, self-study skills and learning attitudes: A quasi-experiment study in teaching the conventions for coordinates in the plane. Heliyon, 8(12), e12657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12657
Vlachopoulos, D., & Makri, A. (2024). A systematic literature review on authentic assessment in higher education: Best practices for the development of 21st century skills, and policy considerations. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 83, 101425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2024.101425
Yani, N. L. S., Rusdarti, & Oktarina, N. (2024). STEM-Based E-Modules to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking in Economic Learning. Thinking Skills and Creativity Journal, 7(1), 115–121. https://doi.org/10.23887/tscj.v7i1.73518
Zhou, Q., & Zhang, H. (2025). Flipped Classroom Teaching and ARCS Motivation Model: Impact on College Students’ Deep Learning. Education Sciences, 15(4), 517. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15040517
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Suci Ana Yolanda, Yohandri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
