Development of Iot Light Planning Assistant Technology for Smart Electrical System Simulation in Utilities Construction Drawing Learning Buildings at Private Vocational Schools of the Nias Regional Government
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v11i8.12286Published:
2025-08-25Downloads
Abstract
By utilizing IoT-based digital media such as iLPA, students are expected to be able to apply theory in real-world contexts that mimic real-world workplace conditions. This study aims: Develop IoT Light Planning Assistant (iLPA) learning media in the form of a relevant and contextual Smart Electrical System simulation. Type of research: This study uses a Research and Development (RnD) method with the aim of developing Internet of Things (IoT)-based learning media in the form of a Smart Electrical System simulation integrated into the Building Utility Construction Drawing course. The results showed that the validity aspect of the learning media achieved an average Aiken V-score of 0.88, indicating a valid category based on the assessment. All assessment aspects received Aiken V-scores above 0.75, with the ease of navigation of the IoT system and the quality of the comparison graphs with SNI 6197:2020 receiving the highest scores of 0.93. The practicality of the learning media demonstrated very satisfactory results, with an average score of 4.5 out of 5 (90%) based on responses from DPIB vocational teachers and an average score of 4.2 out of 5 (84%) based on student responses. The integration aspect with the DPIB curriculum received the highest rating from teachers (4.7/5), while the usefulness of the SNI 6197:2020 comparison feature received the highest rating from students (4.4/5).
Keywords:
Construction Drawing Digital media Electrical SystemReferences
Abdulaziz, Q. A., Kaidi, H. M., Masrom, M., Jamaludin, K. R., Sarip, S., Hamad, S. I., & Hamzah, H. S. (2025). Validating an IoT implementation framework for supporting industry 4.0 in SMEs: A Delphi and focus group approach. Discover Applied Sciences, 7(5). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-025-06653-7
Abdulrahaman, M. D., Faruk, N., Oloyede, A. A., Surajudeen-Bakinde, N. T., Olawoyin, L. A., Mejabi, O. V., Imam-Fulani, Y. O., Fahm, A. O., & Azeez, A. L. (2020). Multimedia tools in the teaching and learning processes: A systematic review. Heliyon, 6(11), e05312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05312
Afifa, K., & Astuti, T. (2024). The Effect of Digital Learning Media on Motivation and Learning Outcomes of IPAS. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(6), 3155–3165. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i6.7513
Ali, A. A., Mashhour, M., Salama, A. S., Shoitan, R., & Shaban, H. (2023). Development of an Intelligent Personal Assistant System Based on IoT for People with Disabilities. Sustainability, 15(6), 5166. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065166
Alshammary, F. M., & Alhalafawy, W. S. (2023). Digital Platforms and the Improvement of Learning Outcomes: Evidence Extracted from Meta-Analysis. Sustainability, 15(2), 1305. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021305
Aprilia, N., Syahril, & Azhar. (2024). Development of Blended Learning Media Based on Openedx Integrated PBL on Rotational Dynamics Material. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(1), 404–411. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i1.6486
Atieh, A. A., Abu Hussein, A., Al-Jaghoub, S., Alheet, A. F., & Attiany, M. (2025). The Impact of Digital Technology, Automation, and Data Integration on Supply Chain Performance: Exploring the Moderating Role of Digital Transformation. Logistics, 9(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics9010011
Avsec, S., & Ferk Savec, V. (2022). Mapping the Relationships between Self-Directed Learning and Design Thinking in Pre-Service Science and Technology Teachers. Sustainability, 14(14), 8626. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148626
Brous, P., Janssen, M., & Herder, P. (2020). The dual effects of the Internet of Things (IoT): A systematic review of the benefits and risks of IoT adoption by organizations. International Journal of Information Management, 51, 101952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.05.008
Córdova-Esparza, D.-M., Romero-González, J.-A., Córdova-Esparza, K.-E., Terven, J., & López-Martínez, R.-E. (2024). Active Learning Strategies in Computer Science Education: A Systematic Review. Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, 8(6), 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/mti8060050
Daff, L., Tame, C., & Sands, J. (2024). A course design approach that encourages reflective practice habits. The International Journal of Management Education, 22(2), 100990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2024.100990
Fantinelli, S., Cortini, M., Di Fiore, T., Iervese, S., & Galanti, T. (2024). Bridging the Gap between Theoretical Learning and Practical Application: A Qualitative Study in the Italian Educational Context. Education Sciences, 14(2), 198. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14020198
Gehlot, A., Alshamrani, S. S., Singh, R., Rashid, M., Akram, S. V., AlGhamdi, A. S., & Albogamy, F. R. (2021). Internet of Things and Long-Range-Based Smart Lampposts for Illuminating Smart Cities. Sustainability, 13(11), 6398. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116398
Ghashim, I. A., & Arshad, M. (2023). Internet of Things (IoT)-Based Teaching and Learning: Modern Trends and Open Challenges. Sustainability, 15(21), 15656. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152115656
Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., & Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the role of digital technologies in education: A review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004
Kenayathulla, H. B., Ahmad, N. A., & Idris, A. R. (2019). Gaps between competence and importance of employability skills: Evidence from Malaysia. Higher Education Evaluation and Development, 13(2), 97–112. https://doi.org/10.1108/heed-08-2019-0039
Kholid, M. N., Hendriyanto, A., Sahara, S., Muhaimin, L. H., Juandi, D., Sujadi, I., Kuncoro, K. S., & Adnan, M. (2023). A systematic literature review of Technological, Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) in mathematics education: Future challenges for educational practice and research. Cogent Education, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2023.2269047
Kouah, S., Saighi, A., Ammi, M., Naït Si Mohand, A., Kouah, M. I., & Megías, D. (2024). Internet of Things-Based Multi-Agent System for the Control of Smart Street Lighting. Electronics, 13(18), 3673. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13183673
Li, L. (2024). Reskilling and Upskilling the Future-ready Workforce for Industry 4.0 and Beyond. Information Systems Frontiers, 26(5), 1697–1712. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-022-10308-y
Maslakhah, I. F., Jatmiko, B., & Sanjaya, I. G. M. (2024). Development of Physics Learning Media: A Literature Review. IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research, 5(2), 317–333. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v5i2.558
Matsun, M., Hadiati, S., & Fajar Saputri, D. (2022). Development of IoT-Based Physics Learning Media and Its Effect on Students’ Critical Thinking Ability. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(5), 2241–2246. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i5.2284
Oubibi, M., Fute, A., Kangwa, D., Barakabitze, A. A., & Adarkwah, M. A. (2024). Interactive Technologies in Online Teacher Education in Africa: A Systematic Review 2014–2024. Education Sciences, 14(11), 1188. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14111188
Pianda, D., Hilmiana, Widianto, S., & Sartika, D. (2025). The influence employability of vocational students through internship experiences and 21st-century competencies: A moderated mediation model. Cogent Education, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2025.2476285
Rikala, P., Braun, G., Järvinen, M., Stahre, J., & Hämäläinen, R. (2024). Understanding and measuring skill gaps in Industry 4.0—A review. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 201, 123206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123206
Rincon-Flores, E. G., Castano, L., Guerrero Solis, S. L., Olmos Lopez, O., Rodríguez Hernández, C. F., Castillo Lara, L. A., & Aldape Valdés, L. P. (2024). Improving the learning-teaching process through adaptive learning strategy. Smart Learning Environments, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-024-00314-9
Ruiz-Rojas, L. I., Salvador-Ullauri, L., & Acosta-Vargas, P. (2024). Collaborative Working and Critical Thinking: Adoption of Generative Artificial Intelligence Tools in Higher Education. Sustainability, 16(13), 5367. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16135367
Santos, J., Rodrigues, J. J. P. C., Silva, B. M. C., Casal, J., Saleem, K., & Denisov, V. (2016). An IoT-based mobile gateway for intelligent personal assistants on mobile health environments. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 71, 194–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2016.03.014
Sari, P. M., & Tyas, D. N. (2024). Development of Lectora Inspire Based Learning Media to Improve Learning Outcomes of Light and Its Properties. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(11), 9200–9207. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i11.7406
Schildkamp, K., Van Der Kleij, F. M., Heitink, M. C., Kippers, W. B., & Veldkamp, B. P. (2020). Formative assessment: A systematic review of critical teacher prerequisites for classroom practice. International Journal of Educational Research, 103, 101602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101602
Shipps, C., Thrush, K. L., Reinhardt, C. R., Siwiecki, S. A., Claydon, J. L., Noble, D. B., & O’Hern, C. S. (2023). “Student‐led workshop strengthens perceived discussion skills and community in an interdisciplinary graduate program.” FASEB BioAdvances, 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1096/fba.2021-00165
Sidek, N., Ali, N., & Alkawsi, G. (2022). An Integrated Success Model of Internet of Things (IoT)-Based Services in Facilities Management for Public Sector. Sensors, 22(9), 3207. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093207
Simon, P. D., & Zeng, L. M. (2024). Behind the Scenes of Adaptive Learning: A Scoping Review of Teachers’ Perspectives on the Use of Adaptive Learning Technologies. Education Sciences, 14(12), 1413. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14121413
Spaho, E., Çiço, B., & Shabani, I. (2025). IoT Integration Approaches into Personalized Online Learning: Systematic Review. Computers, 14(2), 63. https://doi.org/10.3390/computers14020063
Spatioti, A. G., Kazanidis, I., & Pange, J. (2022). A Comparative Study of the ADDIE Instructional Design Model in Distance Education. Information, 13(9), 402. https://doi.org/10.3390/info13090402
Sudarsono, B., Tentama, F., Ghozali, F. A., & Listyaningrum, P. (2023). Industry-Oriented Experiential Learning Model to Enhance Vocational High School Students’ Job Readiness. Journal of Education Research and Evaluation, 7(3), 380–390. https://doi.org/10.23887/jere.v7i3.54224
Timbi-Sisalima, C., Sánchez-Gordón, M., Otón-Tortosa, S., & Mendoza-González, R. (2024). Self-Assessment Guide to Quality in Accessible Virtual Education: An Expert Validation. Sustainability, 16(22), 10011. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162210011
Westbroek, H., De Vries, B., Kaal, A., & McDonnell, M. (2024). Bridging Theory and Practice: Using Goal Systems to Spark Professional Dialogue and Develop Personal Theories. Education Sciences, 14(5), 458. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14050458
Wong, L. P. W. (2024). Artificial Intelligence and Job Automation: Challenges for Secondary Students’ Career Development and Life Planning. Merits, 4(4), 370–399. https://doi.org/10.3390/merits4040027
Yaqub, M. Z., & Alsabban, A. (2023). Industry-4.0-Enabled Digital Transformation: Prospects, Instruments, Challenges, and Implications for Business Strategies. Sustainability, 15(11), 8553. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15118553
Yi, E., & Park, D.-H. (2024). The effect of core competencies of university students on employment and first year salary level based on school activity log. Heliyon, 10(7), e28474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28474
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Resman Hendi Nofanolo Harefa, Dedy Irfan, M. Giatman, Ambiyar

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).






