Structure of Macrozoobenthos Community in Mangrove Eco-Tourism Area of Pantai Merdeka Bagan Kuala Tj. Beringin Serdang Bedagai District North Sumatra
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v11i11.12836Published:
2025-11-25Downloads
Abstract
The mangrove ecosystem serves as a protector of coastal areas from the onslaught of currents and waves, as a habitat, for foraging, and as a breeding ground for various organisms and others. This research aims to determine the relationship between mangrove vegetation density and macrozoobenthos abundance in the ecotourism area of the Mangrove Forest of Pantai Merdeka Bagan Kuala Tj Beringin Serdang Bedagai. Data collection was conducted using survey methods with quadrat transects for collecting data on mangrove vegetation and macrozoobenthos at three observation stations. Based on the observation results, the composition of mangroves in the ecotourism area consists of Rhizopora sp. (52.90%), Avicennia sp. (23.50%), and Sonneratia sp. (23.50%) with higher mangrove vegetation density (140.100-150.79 ind/ha), thus falling into the good condition criteria. The identification results of macrozoobenthos showed there were 27 species consisting of: 16 species from the class Gastropoda, 2 species from the class Malacostraca, 5 species from the class Bivalvia, 2 species from the class Polychaeta, 1 species from the class Holothuroidea, and 1 species from the class Amphipoda. The abundance of macrozoobenthos in mangrove forests ranges from 85 ind/m2 to 204 ind/m2. The diversity index is moderate to high, and the evenness indicates that the macrozoobenthos community is relatively stable with values between 0.60-0.85. The relationship between mangrove vegetation density and macrozoobenthos abundance is categorized as very strong with a correlation value of 0.92.
Keywords:
Community structure, Freedom Beach, Macrozoobenthos, Mangrove densityReferences
Ananingtyas S. Darmarini, Yusli Wardiatno, Tri Prartono, Kadarwan Soewardi, Irwan Iskandar, Musti’atin, & Sonja Kleinertz. (2024). Food Source Identification of Macrozoobenthos in the Mangrove Ecosystem of Lubuk Damar, Aceh Tamiang, Indonesia: A Stable Isotope Approach. Tropical Life Sciences Research, 35(2), 31–49. https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2024.35.2.2
Arceo-Carranza, D., Hernández Mendoza, L. C., Teutli-Hernández, C., Herrera-Silveira, J. A., Caballero Vázquez, J. A., & Chiappa-Carrara, X. (2024). Mangrove ecosystems as fundamental habitats for fish from the Mexican Caribbean: An evaluation between a conserved and restoration zone. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 77, 103650. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103650
Arifanti, V. B., Basyuni, M., Suharti, S., Slamet, B., Karlina, E., Sidik, F., Helbert, H., Yeny, I., Yulianti, M., Marwayana, O. N., Macklin, P. A., Rahmania, R., Suyadi, S., Wahyuni, T., Halwany, W., Rahmila, Y. I., Faubiany, V., Mubaraq, A., Aznawi, A. A., & Ali, H. M. (2025). Assessing the Environmental and Socioeconomic Impacts of Mangrove Loss in Indonesia: A Synthesis for Science-Based Policy. Forest Science and Technology, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2025.2536595
Basyuni, M., Indrawan, R., Putri, L. A. P., Yusraini, E., & Lesmana, I. (2020). Case study of mangrove ecosystem services for tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in the practical silvofishery. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1542(1), 012067. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1542/1/012067
Bayudana, B. C., Riyantini, I., Sunarto, S., & Zallesa, S. (2022). Asosiasi dan Korelasi Makrozoobentos dengan Kondisi Ekosistem Mangrove di Pulau Pari, Kepulauan Seribu. Buletin Oseanografi Marina, 11(3), 271–281. https://doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v11i3.40786
Benhadji, N., Dąbrowski, J., Brysiewicz, A., Czerniejewski, P., & Hałasa, Ł. (2025). Environmental Drivers of Macrozoobenthos Structure Along a Discontinuous Tributary of the Oder River (North-Western Poland). Water, 17(20), 3005. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17203005
Busch, D. S., & McElhany, P. (2016). Estimates of the Direct Effect of Seawater pH on the Survival Rate of Species Groups in the California Current Ecosystem. PLOS ONE, 11(8), e0160669. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0160669
Carlson, R. R., Evans, L. J., Foo, S. A., Grady, B. W., Li, J., Seeley, M., Xu, Y., & Asner, G. P. (2021). Synergistic benefits of conserving land-sea ecosystems. Global Ecology and Conservation, 28, e01684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01684
Chaudhuri, P., Chaudhuri, S., & Ghosh, R. (2019). The Role of Mangroves in Coastal and Estuarine Sedimentary Accretion in Southeast Asia. In Sedimentation Engineering [Working Title]. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85591
Cortés-Esquivel, J. L., Herrera-Silveira, J., & Quintana-Owen, P. (2023). Organic Matter Content in Mangrove Soils from a Karstic Environment: Comparison between Thermogravimetric and Loss-on-Ignition Analytical Techniques. Forests, 14(7), 1469. https://doi.org/10.3390/f14071469
Dee, L. E., Ferraro, P. J., Severen, C. N., Kimmel, K. A., Borer, E. T., Byrnes, J. E. K., Clark, A. T., Hautier, Y., Hector, A., Raynaud, X., Reich, P. B., Wright, A. J., Arnillas, C. A., Davies, K. F., MacDougall, A., Mori, A. S., Smith, M. D., Adler, P. B., Bakker, J. D., … Loreau, M. (2023). Clarifying the effect of biodiversity on productivity in natural ecosystems with longitudinal data and methods for causal inference. Nature Communications, 14(1), 2607. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37194-5
Ding, D.-S., Patel, A. K., Singhania, R. R., Chen, C.-W., & Dong, C.-D. (2022). Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Growth, Metabolism and Digestive Enzymes Synthesis of Goniopora columna. Biology, 11(3), 436. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11030436
Gonzalez, R. J., Patrick, M. L., & Val, A. L. (2024). Ion uptake in naturally acidic water. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 194(5), 685–696. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-024-01552-6
Hajializadeh, P., Safaie, M., Naderloo, R., Shojaei, M. G., Gammal, J., Villnäs, A., & Norkko, A. (2020). Species Composition and Functional Traits of Macrofauna in Different Mangrove Habitats in the Persian Gulf. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, 575480. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.575480
Hasibuan, I. M., Amelia, R., Bimantara, Y., Susetya, I. E., Susilowati, A., & Basyuni, M. (2021). Vegetation and macrozoobenthos diversity in the Percut Sei Tuan mangrove forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 22(12). https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d221245
Hemery, L. G., Garavelli, L., Copping, A. E., Farr, H., Jones, K., Baker-Horne, N., Kregting, L., McGarry, L. P., Sparling, C., & Verling, E. (2024). Animal displacement from marine energy development: Mechanisms and consequences. Science of The Total Environment, 917, 170390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170390
Kadim, M. K., Pas, N., Alinti, E. R., & Panigoro, C. (2022). Biodiversity and community assemblages of freshwater and marine macrozoobenthos in Gorontalo Waters, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 23(2). https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230204
Kaseng, E. S., & Suhaeb, F. W. (2023). Macrozoobenthos Diversity on Mangkoso Beach in Barru Regency. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1209(1), 012022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1209/1/012022
Kendzierska, H., & Janas, U. (2024). Functional diversity of macrozoobenthos under adverse oxygen conditions in the southern Baltic Sea. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 8946. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-59354-3
Lee, R. P.-T., Lin, Y.-R., Huang, C.-Y., & Nan, F.-H. (2024). Effects of Nutrient Source, Temperature, and Salinity on the Growth and Survival of Three Giant Clam Species (Tridacnidae). Animals, 14(7), 1054. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14071054
Lewis, M. J., Palmer, T., Hashemi, R., Robins, P., Saulter, A., Brown, J., Lewis, H., & Neill, S. (2019). Wave-tide interaction modulates nearshore wave height. Ocean Dynamics, 69(3), 367–384. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-018-01245-z
Lismarita, L., Sarong, M. A., Huda, I., Samingan, S., Muhibbuddin, M., & Gagarin, Y. (2022). Habitat Degradation and Study of Macrozoobenthos Conditions in Homogeneous Mangrove Ecosystems. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(4), 2356–2361. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i4.1771
Lyddon, C. E., Brown, J. M., Leonardi, N., & Plater, A. J. (2019). Increased coastal wave hazard generated by differential wind and wave direction in hyper-tidal estuaries. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 220, 131–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2019.02.042
Maretik, M., Kaliu, S., & Siska, S. (2022). Analysis of Mangrove Vegetation (Rhizophora sp.) and Vertical Spesies of Fauna in Induha Village, Latambaga District, Kolaka Regency. Jurnal Biologi Tropis, 22(4), 1122–1131. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v22i4.4266
Mattone, C., & Sheaves, M. (2024). Mangrove forest ecological function is influenced by the environmental settings and the benthic fauna composition. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 309, 108959. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108959
Muntalif, B. S., Chazanah, N., Ilmi, F., Sari, N. E., & Bagaskara, S. W. (2023). Distribution of the riverine benthic macroinvertebrate community along the citarum cascading dam system in West Java, Indonesia. Global Ecology and Conservation, 46, e02580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2023.e02580
Mwakisunga, B., Machiwa, J. F., & Pratap, H. B. (2020). Assessment of Sediment and Benthic Macrofauna Distribution at Dar es Salaam Harbour Channel. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 08(03), 133–147. https://doi.org/10.4236/gep.2020.83010
Nihan, A. R. K., Kusmana, C., Krisanti, M., Tiryana, T., & Ulumuddin, Y. I. (2022). Bibliometric and meta-analysis studies of the correlation between macrozoobenthos abundance and mangrove density. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1109(1), 012080. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1109/1/012080
Ohnstad, H., Burnett, J., & Hardege, J. D. (2025). The Effects of Combined Stress from pH and Microplastic-Derived Odours on the European Green Crab Carcinus maenas’s Olfactory Behaviour. Animals, 15(4), 464. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15040464
Oselladore, F., Bernarello, V., Cacciatore, F., Cornello, M., Boscolo Brusà, R., Sfriso, A., & Bonometto, A. (2022). Changes in Macrozoobenthos Community after Aquatic Plant Restoration in the Northern Venice Lagoon (IT). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(8), 4838. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084838
Purnama, M. F., Prayitno, S. B., Muskananfola, M. R., & Suryanti, S. (2024). Tropical gastropod density and diversity in the mangrove forest of Totobo Village, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 25(4). https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d250436
Putri, A. V. Y., & Sadono, R. (2025). Determinant socio-factors to rehabilitate mangrove forests in Mangunharjo Village, Semarang City. Forest Science and Technology, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2025.2537890
Putri, L., Yulianda, F., & Wardiatno, Y. (2015). Mangrove zonation and its associated macrozoobenthos in Pantai Indah Kapuk, Jakarta. International Journal of Bonorowo Wetlands, 5(1), 29–43. https://doi.org/10.13057/bonorowo/w050104
Ramadhani, R., Saru, A., & Faizal, A. (2023). Spatial Analysis Of Mangrove Density And Its Effect On Macrozoobenthos In Tekkolabbua, South Sulawesi. Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan Spermonde, 9(1), 42–49. https://doi.org/10.20956/jiks.v9i1.25121
Šetlíková, I., Mikšovská, V., Let, M., Hlaváč, D., Puhanová, V., Bláha, M., Kajgrová, L., Vrba, J., & Veselý, L. (2025). Response of aquatic invertebrate communities to different management strategies in central European fishponds. Environmental Sciences Europe, 37(1), 162. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-025-01190-x
Sulistiyowati, H., Setiawan, R., Siddiq, A. M., Wimbaningrum, R., Afriyanto, M., Hasanah, E. A., Mulyadi, B. P., & Baraas, A. (2025). Ecological insights post-restoration from two decades of mangrove forest succession in Pangpang Bay, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 26(5). https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d260527
Tony, F., Rifa’i, M. A., Baskara, M. W., Kudsiah, H., & Iskandar, R. (2024). Type Abundance and Relative Abundance of Macrozoobentos in the Intertidal Zone of Marabatuan Island, Kotabaru, Indonesia. Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research, 26(4), 91–99. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajfar/2024/v26i4759
Windusari, Y., Sarno, S., Saleh, E., & Hanum, L. (2014). Substrate Characteristics And Its Impact On Distribution Of Mangrove Species: A Case Study In Sungai Barong Kecil In The Sembillang National Park At Banyuasin, South Sumatra. Berkala Penelitian Hayati, 20(1), 82–86. https://doi.org/10.23869/bphjbr.20.1.20141
Wu, T., Guo, J., Li, G., Jin, Y., Zhao, W., Lin, G., Luo, F.-L., Zhu, Y., Jia, Y., & Wen, L. (2025). Soil organic carbon contents and their major influencing factors in mangrove tidal flats: A comparison between estuarine and non-estuarine areas. Ecological Processes, 14(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-025-00581-5
Yamamoto, Y. (2023). Living under ecosystem degradation: Evidence from the mangrove–fishery linkage in Indonesia. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 118, 102788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2023.102788
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Yunita Amelinda Harahap, Melfa Aisyah Hutasuhut
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
