Phytochemical Screening of Gogauke Bio Oil as an Excellent Bio-Product for Natural Resource Management Solutions in Papua

Authors

Mingle A Pistanty , Sarima , Sarima , Wahyu Purwanjani

DOI:

10.29303/jppipa.v11i11.13031

Published:

2025-11-25

Downloads

Abstract

The Potential of Papua's Gogauke for Bio-Excellent Superior Products Papua possesses abundant biodiversity, and the Provincial Government is committed to green growth and sustainable natural resource management. Based on Special Autonomy, the rights of indigenous communities to protect the forests are also recognized. Local plants are often overlooked, despite having great potential. One such plant is Gogauke (Centella asiatica), traditionally used by Papuans as medicine. This plant is known to have various benefits, such as anti-inflammatory properties, wound healing, and pain relief. The objective of this research is to determine the potential of gogauke as a natural raw material for the superior product "Bio-Excellent" through phytochemical screening of the bio-oil produced. Using an experimental method, the study shows that Gogauke bio-oil has very strong potential for development. Phytochemical tests prove the product is rich in secondary metabolite compounds, including Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Triterpenoids, Tannins, Phenols, Steroids, and Glycosides. This combination of compounds provides a scientific basis for broad biological activities (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal). Furthermore, physical parameters (water content 9.8%, yield 44.14%) and microbiological test results (TBC and YMK) indicate that the bio-oil is safe and stable, meeting the BPOM standards for natural medicinal products. Conclusion: Gogauke bio-oil has a superior biochemical profile and high market potential, making it a promising "Bio-Excellent" product derived from Papua's sustainably managed natural resources.

Keywords:

Bio oil, Gogauke, Phytochemicals

References

Agustini, V., Simaremare, E. S., Gunawan, E., Awom, J., & Wopi, S. (2020). Phytochemical Screening, Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of Dendrobium lasianthera (Papua). Jurnal BiologiPapua, 12(2), 93-101. https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1289

Ahmad, A. R., Juwita, J., & Ratulangi, S. A. D. (2015). Penetapan kadar fenolik dan flavonoid total ekstrak metanol buah dan daun patikala (Etlingera elatior (Jack) RM SM). Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.7454/psr.v2i1.3481

Azizah, S. R. (2022). Pemanfaatan Essential Oils Sebagai Aromaterapi Dalam Perawatan Kulit. MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi Dan Kesehatan, 11(1), 62–77. https://doi.org/10.48191/medfarm.v11i1.98

Base, N. H. (2018). Identifikasi Kandungan Senyawa Flavonoid Ekstrak Kulit Buah Jeruk Bali (Citrus maxima Merr.) Secara Kromatografi Lapis Tipis. Jurnal Yamasi, 2(1), 1-9. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/37190689/anti_inflamasi

Bermawie, N., Purwiyanti, S., Penelitian, B., Obat, T., Penelitian, P., Cicurug, K. P., & Germplasm, L. U. (2015). Keragaan Sifat Morfologi, Hasil dan Mutu Plasma Nuftah Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban.). Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah Dan Obat, 19(1), 1–17. Retrieved from https://repository.pertanian.go.id/handle/123456789/3769

Boissière, M., van Heist, M., Sheil, D., Basuki, I., Frazier, S., Ginting, U., Wan, M., Hariadi, B., Hariyadi, H., & Kristianto, H. D. (2004). Pentingnya Sumberdaya alam bagi masyarakat Lokal di Daerah Aliran Sungai Mamberamo, Papua, dan Implikasinya Bagi Konservasi. Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology, 2(2), 76–95. Retrieved from http://www.cifor.org/mla/download/publication/konservasi_mamberamo.pdf

Botahala, L., Sukarti, Arifuddin, W., Arif, A. R., Ischaidar, Arafah, M., Kartina, D., Armah, Z., Yasser, M., Pratama, I., Patarru, O., Santi, & Hamsah, H. (2020). Deteksi Dini Metabolit Sekunder pada Tanaman. Mitra Cendikia Retrieved from http://repo.untribkalabahi.ac.id/xmlui/handle/123456789/315

Bouyahya, A., El Omari, N., Elmenyiy, N., Guaouguaou, F.E., Balahbib, A., Belmehdi, O., Salhi, N., Imtara, H., Mrabti, H.N., El-Shazly, M., & Bakri, Y. (2021). Moroccan Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants: Ethnobotanical Studies, Phytochemical Bioactive Compounds, Preclinical Investigations, Toxicological Validations and Clinical Evidences; Challenges, Guidance and Perspectives for Future Management of Diabetes Worldw. Trends Food Science & Technology 115, 147–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.032

Burhan, A., Hikma, N., Syahruni, R., Article, I., & Burhan, A. (2022). Profil Komponen Senyawa Herba Pegagan (Centella Asiatica L ) Dari Beberapa Tempat Tumbuh Di Daerah. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Farmasyifa, 5(2), 203–211. https://doi.org/10.29313/jiff.v5i2.9716

Depkes. (2000). Parameter Standar Umum Ekstrak Tumbuhan Obat. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan.

Dewi, N.L.A., Adnyani, L.P.S., Pratama, R.B.R., Yanti, N.N.D., Manibuy, J.I., & Warditiani, N. K. (2018). Pemisahan, Isolasi, dan Identifikasi Senyawa Saponin dari Herba Pegagan (Centella asiatica L. Urban). Jurnal Farmasi Udayana, 7(2), 68–76. https://doi.org/10.24843/JFU.2018.v07.i02.p05

Djoko, W., Taurhesia, S., Djamil, R., & Simanjuntak, P. (2020). Standardisasi Ekstrak Etanol Herba Pegagan (Centella asiatica). Sainstech Farma, 13(2), 118–123. Retrieved from https://ejournal.istn.ac.id/index.php/saintechfarma/article/view/765

Hadrian, E., Rahaja, G. L., Anovolia, K., & Insani, R. M. S. (2023). Identification, Extraction, Phytochemical Screening and Study of Antimicrobial Activities of Native Papuan Tree Bark Extract: Dysoxylum Alliaceum and Aglaia sp. IndonesianJournal of Life Sciences 5(2). https://doi.org/10.54250/ijls.v5i02.174

Hussein, A. O., Mohammed, G. J., Hadi, M. Y., & Hameed, I. H. (2016). Phytochemical Screening of Methanolic Dried Galls Extract of Quercus Infectoria Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, 8(3), 49-59. https://doi.org/10.5897/JPP2015.0368

Hyldgaard, M., Mygind, T., & Meyer, R.L. (2012). Essential Oils in Food Preservation: Mode of Action, Synergies, and Interactions With food Matrix Components. National Library of Medicine 3(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2012.00012.

Izza AR., N. I., Kadang, Y., & Permatasari, A. (2019). Uji Identifikasi Senyawa Alkaloid Ekstrak Metanol Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk) Dari Kab. Ende Nusa Tenggara Timur Secara Kromatografi Lapis Tipis. Jurnal Farmasi Sandi Karsa, 5(1), 52–56. https://doi.org/10.36060/jfs.v5i1.42

Jasmansyah, J., Fitriyani, P., Sujono, H., & Aisyah, L. S. (2020). Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba Minyak Atsiri Tanaman Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urb). Jurnal Kartika Kimia, 3(1), 43–47. https://doi.org/10.26874/jkk.v3i1.54

Kemenkes RI. (2017). Herbal Indonesia Herbal Edisi II (II). Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.

La, E. O. J., Sawiji, R. T., & Yuliani, N. M. R. (2021). Identifikasi Kandungan Metabolit Sekunder dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak n-Heksana Kulit Jeruk Bali (Citrus maxima Merr.). Jurnal Surya Medika, 6(2), 185–200. https://doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v6i2.2136

Limarta, K. J., Sudimartini, L. M., Dharmayuda, A. (2024). Microbial Contamination Test of MimosaLeaves Simplicia. Buletin Veteriner Udayana, 16(1),.https://doi.org/10.24843/bvu.v16i1.59

Mohamed, E. A. A., Muddathir, A. M., Oman, M. A. (2020) Antimicrobial Activity, Phytochemical Screening of Crude Extracts, and Essential Oils Constituents of Two Pulicaria spp. growing in Sudan. Scientific Reports, 13(10), 17148. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74262-y

Obuetibe, A. A., & Okwonna, O.O. (2023). Production and Phytochemical Analysis of Bio-Based oil Obtained From Nigerian Bambusa Vulgaris. International Journal of Technical & Scientific Research Engineering, 6(1), 32-35. Retrieved from https://ijtsre.org/papers/2023/ev6c1/IJT-44712261.pdf

Pistanty, M. A. (2022). Effectiveness Aroma Therapy Gotu Kola (Centella Asiatica) Against Insomnia Disorder. Retrieved from https://up.lublin.pl/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Wybrane-zagadnienia-z-zakresu-produkcji-surowcow.-t.-4.pdf

Pramono, S., & Ajiastuti, D. (2004). Standardisasi Ekstrak Herba Pegagan (Centella asiatica.(L.).Urban) Berdasarkan Kadar Asia-Tikosida Secara KLT-Densitometri. Majalah Farmasi Indonesia, 15(3), 118–123. Retrieved from https://repository.ub.ac.id/124484/1/Zulkarnaen.pdf

Prasetyo, A. B., Imawati, M. F., & Sumadji, A. R. (2022). Pengaruh Metode Maserasi Dan Soxhletasi Terhadap Kadar Flavonoid Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L). Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung, 8(2), 317–321. https://doi.org/10.51352/jim.v8i2.641

Purgiyanti, Nurcahyo, H., & Muldiyana, T. (2021). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Serum Anti Aging Dari Ekstrak Pegagan (Centella asiatica L Urban). Parapemikir Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 1–82. Retrieved from https://ejournal.poltekharber.ac.id/index.php/parapemikir/article/view/3776

Putri, B. A., Sari, G. K., & Pistanty, M. A. (2023). Testing the Antibacterial Activity of A Serum Preparation of Pegagan Leaf Extract (Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban) Against the Bacteria Propionibacterium Acnes. Pratama Medika: Jurnal Kesehatan, 2(1), 37–52. https://doi.org/10.56480/pratamamedika.v2i1.936

Putri, E. S. P. S. S. (2014). Pengaruh Perbandingan Surfaktan Tween 80 dan Kosurfaktan PEG 400 Dalam Formulasi Sediaan Mikroemulsi Askorbil Palmitat dan Alfa Tokoferol Untuk Antiaging. Universitas Sanata Dharma.

Radi, F. Z., Bencheikh, N., Anarghou, H., Bouhhrim, M., Alqahtani, A. S., Hawwal, M. F., Noman, O. M., Bnouham, M., & Zair, T. (2023). Quality Control, Phytochemical Profile, and Biological Activities of Crataegus Monogyna Jacq. and Crataegus Laciniata Ucria fruits aqueous extracts. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 31(10), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101753

Reubun, Y. T. A., Kumala, S., Setyahadi, S., & Partomuan, S. (2020). Pengeringan beku ekstrak herba pegagan (Centella asiatica). Sainstech Farma, 13(2), 113–117. https://doi.org/10.37277/sfj.v13i2.764

Sabila, F. C., & Muhartono. (2020). Efektivitas Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica) Terhadap Penyembuhan Luka. Jurnal Agromedicine Universitas Lampung, 7, 23–29. Retrieved from https://juke.kedokteran.unila.ac.id/index.php/agro/article/view/2776

Safitri, D. W., & Syafitri, M. H. (2022). Phytochemical Screening of Chloroform Extract from Javanese Long Pepper which Dried Through 2 Different Methods. Journal of Pharmacy and Science, 7(2), 137. https://doi.org/10.53342/pharmasci.v7i2.292

Singh, R. K., Soni, B., Patel, U., Joshi, A. K., & Patel, S. K. S. (2025). Boosted Bio-Oil Production and Sustainable Energy Resource Recovery Through Optimizing Oxidative Pyrolysis of Banana Waste. Fuels, 6(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/fuels6010003

Smith, P. (2011). Sustainable development options for Papua. International Journal of Technology, 2(2), 171–178. https://doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v2i2.1051

Sudimartini, L. M., Putranto, G. D. A., Suarjana, I. G. K., & Merdana, I. M. (2022). Standarisasi Cemaran Mikroba Sampel Daun Pegagan sebagai Persyaratan Mutu Bahan Baku Sediaan Obat. Buletin Veteriner Udayana, 158, 319. https://doi.org/10.24843/bulvet.2022.v14.i04.p01

Susetyarini, E., & Nurrohman, E. (2022). Fitokimia Ekstrak Dan Rebusan Daun Pegagan (Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban.) Langkah Awal Mencari Senyawa Potensial Kandidat Immunomodulator. Jurnal Sains Riset, 12(1), 51. Retrieved from http://journal.unigha.ac.id/index.php/JSR

Valeeva, A. R., Makarova, N. V., Valiulina, D. F. (2019). Optimisation of conditions for Extracting Bioactive Compounds Exhibiting Antioxidant Properties from Hawthorn Fruit (Crataegus). Proc. Univ. Appl. Chem. Biotechnol. Proceeding of Universities Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, 9(3), 239–249. https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2019-9-2-239-249

Wahyuningtyas, D., Saputra, H. F., & Sunarsih, S. (2021). Optimasi Pengambilan Triterpenoid dari Daun Pegagan (Centella Asiatica) dengan Metode Ekstraksi Bertingkat Optimization of Triterpenoids Extracting from Pegagan Leaves (Centella asiatica) Using Multilevel Extraction Method. Jurnal Pengendalian Pencemaran Lingkungan, 3(1), 20–26.

Wicaksono, D. M. P., Mudaliana, S., & Juwita, R. (2025). Uji Cemaran Mikroba Serbuk Pagagan (Centella Asiatica L. Urban) Sebagai Bahan Baku Obat Tradisional. Proceedings of Life and Applied Sciences. 3(1). Retrieved from https://conference.um.ac.id/index.php/LAS/article/view/10153

Zinoviadou, K. G., Koutsoumanis, K. P., & Biliaderis, C.G. (2009). Physico-Chemical Properties of Whey Protein Isolate Films Containing Oregano Oil and Their Antimicrobial Action against spoilage flora of fresh beef. Meat Science 82(3), 338–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.02.004.

Author Biographies

Mingle A Pistanty, Universitas Cenderawasih

Sarima, Universitas Cenderawasih

Sarima, Universitas Cenderawasih

Wahyu Purwanjani, Universitas An Nuur

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

How to Cite

Pistanty, M. A., Sarima, Sarima, & Purwanjani, W. (2025). Phytochemical Screening of Gogauke Bio Oil as an Excellent Bio-Product for Natural Resource Management Solutions in Papua. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(11), 717–724. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i11.13031