Vol. 11 No. 12 (2025): December
Open Access
Peer Reviewed

Analysing the Potential of Agricultural Technology Integration in Crop Monitoring Systems to Improve the Efficiency of Soybean Cultivation

Authors

Ida Marina , Ade Bastian , Kovertina Rakhmi Indriana , Dety Sukmawati , Ai Komariah , Imas Naimah Hasnah , Mukhlis

DOI:

10.29303/jppipa.v11i12.13361

Published:

2025-12-25

Downloads

Abstract

This study aims to integrate modern agricultural technology into soybean cultivation through the application of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based crop monitoring system combined with artificial intelligence (AI) and cloud-based data processing. The research was conducted at two experimental sites to evaluate system performance under different environmental conditions. IoT sensors and AI algorithms were utilized to monitor soil moisture, temperature, and plant health, optimize irrigation, detect pests, predict yield, and analyze plant health. Data collected included irrigation efficiency, pest control effectiveness, and plant health, which were analyzed using statistical methods.

The results showed that the implementation of IoT-based monitoring technology significantly improved the technical efficiency of soybean farming by optimizing the use of land, fertilizer, and labor. Farms using monitoring technology achieved an average technical efficiency score of 0.991, higher than farms without technology, which only reached 0.920. In addition, the technology reduced water and fertilizer wastage, increased productivity, and supported data-driven agricultural decision-making. In conclusion, the application of IoT- and AI-based crop monitoring systems enhances the sustainability and productivity of soybean farming and provides an effective approach to improving agricultural efficiency in modern farming systems.

Keywords:

Internet of Things Crop Monitoring Soybean Cultivation Technical Efficiency Precision Agriculture

References

Afi, E. S., & Kadhem, H. (2023). Development of a Smart Crop Monitoring System.

Akhter, M., Hasan, M. A., & Rahman, M. M. (2019). IoT-based smart irrigation and monitoring system for soybean cultivation. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science.

Azka, R. S. (2023). Optimization of Water Resources Management with Artificial Intelligence Approach in Environmental Context. Journal of World Science. 3(8).

Chiranjeeb, K., Shandilya, R., & Rath, K. C. (2022). Application of drones and sensors in advanced farming: the future smart farming technology. In Artificial intelligence and smart agriculture applications (pp. 1–30). Auerbach Publications. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003311782-1

Chitrao, P. V., Divekar, R., & Debgupta, S. (2020). Sensor-Based Smart Agriculture in India. In Strategic System Assurance and Business Analytics (pp. 99–107). Springer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3647-2_8

Hameed, I. A., Hu, B., Tian, L., Xie, C., & Zhang, C. (2021). Plant growth monitoring technology review: Opportunities and challenges. Precision Agriculture, 22(4), 659–682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-020-09724-1

Irmayani, I., Riska, R., & Ambar, A. A. (2024). The Effectiveness of Using Smart Farming-Based Planting Robots in Soybean Cultivation in Tadokkong Village Lembangkabupaten Pinrang. Journal of AGRIBIS, 17(2), 2386–2399. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36085/agribis.v17i2.6169

Li, C., Zhang, S., Wang, Y., & Li, Z. (2020). Integrating Monitoring Technology for Sustainable Soybean Cultivation: A Case Study in China. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 18(3), 267–281.

Marina, I., Sujadi, H., & Indriana, K. R. (2023). Optimizing soybean cultivation efficiency through agricultural technology integration in plant monitoring system. Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science, 1(3), 115–127. DOI: https://doi.org/10.38035/gijes.v1i2.93

Marina, I., Sukmawati, D., & Srimenganti, N. (2020). Performance of Microfinance Institutions of Cayenne Chilli (Capsiccum frutescens L) Farming. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 466(1), 12030. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/466/1/012030

Mathur, R., Kathyal, R., Gunwal, I., & Chandra, S. (2023). Artificial intelligence in sustainable agriculture. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 11(6), 4047–4052. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.54360

Rachmawati, R. R. (2020). Smart farming 4.0 to build advanced, independent, and modern Indonesian agriculture. Forum Penelit Agro Ekon, 38, 137–154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21082/fae.v38n2.2020.137-154

Rahma, A. O., & Marina, I. (2023). Comparison of growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L) with variation of biofertilizer dosage in the rainy season. Pro-STek, 5(1), 36–43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35194/prs.v5i1.3241

Rahman, M. M., & Biswas, D. K. (2021). IoT-based Smart Agriculture Monitoring and Decision Support System. Applied Sciences, 11(3), 1359.

Siregar, T. W. (n.d.). Analysis of Soybean Farming Income in Berbak District, East Tanjung Jabung Regency. Journal of Agricultural Analysis.

Sujadi, H., Marina, I., Koswara, E., Indriana, K. R., & Sukmawati, D. (2023). Smart Agriculture: Optimizing Soybean Cultivation Through Technology In Crop Monitoring. Greenation International Journal of Engineering Science, 1(2), 101–114. DOI: https://doi.org/10.38035/gijes.v1i2.92

Syahdan, H. (2023). Optimizing Experiment Design in Scientific Research Using the Design of Experiments Method and Artificial Intelligence. Journal of World of Science, 3(8).

Truong, H. K., Baek, S. Y., & Kim, K. S. (2019). Integrating IoT and AI for precision soybean farming: A case study. Journal of Information Processing Systems, 15(4), 838–850.

Wahditiya, A. A., Kurniawan, A., Nendissa, J. I., Meyuliana, A., Yora, M., Jamilah, J., ... & Andaria, A. C. (2024). Food Crop Production Technology. Yayasan Tri Edukasi Ilmiah.

Voora, V., Bermudez, S., Le, H., Larrea, C., & Luna, E. (2024). Global market report: Soybean prices and sustainability. International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD). https://iisid.org/system/files/2024-02/2024-global-market-report-soybean.pdf

Khumairah, F. H., Irwandhi, Hibatuallah, F. H., Ambarita, D. D. M., Hendra, & Islamiati, A. (2025). Revealing the import dilemma and attributing factors to Indonesia’s inability to achieve soybean self-sufficiency: A bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2025.2492546 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2025.2492546

United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Foreign Agricultural Service. Oilseeds: World markets and trade. Washington, DC: USDA; 2025. Available from: https://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/circulars/oilseeds.pdf

Setiawan, H. (2024, November 9). Problematika kedelai di Indonesia: Tantangan dan solusi. Media Civitas. https://mediacivitas.lkppl.org/2024/11/09/problematika-kedelai-di-indonesia-tantangan-dan-solusi-2/

Komariah, A., Wahyuni, D. S., Ramdhani, & Ria, E. R., & Noertjahyani. (2023). Molecular analysis of Karawang local soybean genotypes with national superior varieties based on SSR analysis. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 83, e277744. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.277744 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.277744

Nakashima, K., Takasaki, H., Mizoi, J., Shinozaki, K., & Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K. (2012). NAC transcription factors in plant abiotic stress responses. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) – Gene Regulatory Mechanisms, 1819(2), 97–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagrm.2011.10.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagrm.2011.10.005

Hanafi, H., Ria, E. R., Komariah, A., & Sondari, N. (2024). Effect of Composition and Duration of Media Fermentation on Components and Yield of Merang Mushrooms (Volvariella volvacea). Zuriat, 35(1), 14-20.

Budiasih, B., Komariah, A., Sondari, N., & Amalia, L. (2018). Potato Productivity (Solanum tuberosum L.) of G0 Granola L. Varieties at Different Planting Distance and Temperature Grown in Aeroponics.

Komariah, A., Amalia, L., & Juliana, E. (2024, March). Potensi Ketahanan Pangan dalam Mendukung Penanganan Stunting di Desa Haurngombong Kecamatan Pamulihan Kabupaten Sumedang. In Bandung Conference Series: Economics Studies (Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 366-372). DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/bcses.v4i2.12514

Harti, A. O. R., Sukmawati, D., Indriana, K. R., Marina, I., & Komariah, A. (2025). Agronomic Performance Of Superior Soybean Cultivers In Intercropping With Maize Using Liquid Organic Fertilizer Based On Azolla Pinnata. Journal of Innovation and Research in Agriculture, 4(1), 53-57.

Noertjahyani, N., Hanafi, H., Komariah, A., Amalia, L., Ulfah, I., & Budiasih, R. (2025). Volvariella Volvacea Mushroom Production in Some Growing Media. Jurnal Agrosci, 2(6), 362-371. DOI: https://doi.org/10.62885/agrosci.v2i6.815

Komariah, A., Baihaki, A., Setiamihardja, R., & Djakasutami, S. (2004). Variability and heritability of nitrate reductase activity, total N content, and other important traits in soybean at flooding condition. Zuriat (Indonesia), 15(1).

Marina, I., Mukhlis, M., & Harti, A. O. R. (2024). Development strategy of leading agricultural commodities: Findings from LQ, GRM, and shift-share analysis. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan, 24(2), 181-190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25181/jppt.v24i2.3321

Marina, I., & Lestari, D. A. (2017). Pentingnya Data Deret Waktu Dalam Melakukan Perencanaan Produksi (the Importance of time Series Data in Production Planning).

Andayani, S. A., Dinar, D., Marina, I., Sumantri, K., Sulaksana, J., Umyati, S., & Dani, U. (2021). Peningkatan nilai tambah melalui pengolahan produk hortikultura. BERNAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 2(4), 833-836. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31949/jb.v2i4.1451

Ida Marina

Development of the Administration of the Sukahaji Mandiri Community of Sukahaji Food Group Groups in Supporting Orderly Administration

Noertjahyani, C. A., Komariah, A., Mulyana, H., & Km, J. R. B. S. (2020). Shade Effect On Growth, Yield, And Shade Tolerance Of Three Peanut Cultivars Pengaruh Naungan Terhadap Pertumbuhan, Hasil, Dan Toleransi Naungan Pada Tiga Kultivar Kacang Tanah. Jurnal Agro, 7, 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/6273

Masnenah, E., Permana, N. S., Komariah, A., Rahman, R. A., Abdullah, R., & Noertjahyani, N. (2020). Evaluation of shoot cuttings sources and planting distance to increase the production of G2 potato seed. Journal of Agricultural Sciences–Sri Lanka, 15(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.4038/jas.v15i2.8804

Moringa Leaf Powder as Environmentally Friendly Repellent Agent for Controlling the Warehouse Insect Pest for Black Soybean Grain

Komariah, N. A., & Nurlenawati, N. (2019). Growth and yield of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea. L.) as an effect of water supply and the dosages of rice straw mulch. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, 9(2), 231-241. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.1005/2019.9.2/1005.2.231.241

Komariaha, A., Hardedic, N., & Buhturi, S. (2017). Identification, selection and observation of Nuansa Sanggabuana soybean, its yield and resistancy to diseases. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, 7(1), 17-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.1005/2017.7.1/1005.1.17.27

Author Biographies

Ida Marina, Universitas Majalengka

Author Origin : Indonesia

Ade Bastian, Majalengka University

Author Origin : Indonesia

Kovertina Rakhmi Indriana, Winaya Mukti University

Author Origin : Indonesia

Dety Sukmawati, Winaya Mukti University

Author Origin : Indonesia

Ai Komariah, Payakumbuh State Agricultural Polytechnic

Author Origin : Indonesia

Imas Naimah Hasnah, Majalengka University

Author Origin : Indonesia

Mukhlis, Payakumbuh State Agricultural Polytechnic

Author Origin : Indonesia

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

How to Cite

Marina, I., Bastian, A., Indriana, K. R., Sukmawati, D., Komariah, A., Hasnah, I. N., & Mukhlis. (2025). Analysing the Potential of Agricultural Technology Integration in Crop Monitoring Systems to Improve the Efficiency of Soybean Cultivation. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(12), 1007–1015. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i12.13361