The Effect of Arabica Coffee Extract (Coffea arabica L.) on the Expression of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Histopathological Features of the Liver-Pancreas in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Mice
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v12i6.15586Published:
2026-06-30Downloads
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and organ damage, particularly in the liver and pancreas. This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic and hepatoprotective effects of Arabica coffee extract (Coffea arabica L.) in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Thirty male mice were divided into five groups consisting of a negative control, a positive control treated with glibenclamide, and three treatment groups receiving Arabica coffee extract at concentrations of 50%, 75%, and 100% for 21 days. Chlorogenic acid content was analyzed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), while blood glucose levels and liver histopathology were assessed after treatment. The results showed that chlorogenic acid content reached 20.8% in the tubruk extract and 16.9% in the macerated extract. Administration of Arabica coffee extract significantly reduced blood glucose levels, with the highest reduction observed in the 100% extract group (65% on day 14 and 62% on day 21). Histopathological examination revealed improvement in liver tissue architecture, characterized by reduced parenchymatous degeneration, hydropic degeneration, and necrosis compared with the negative control group. These findings suggest that Arabica coffee extract possesses antihyperglycemic and hepatoprotective activities and may serve as a promising natural therapeutic agent for diabetes mellitus management
Keywords:
Alloxan-induced mice Arabica coffee extract Chlorogenic acid Diabetes mellitus Liver histopathologyReferences
Altan, N., Onguna, C., Hasano, E., Engin, A., & Tuncerb, C. (1994). Effect of the sulfonylurea glyburide on superoxide dismutase activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rat hepatocytes. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 22(3), 95–98. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-8227(94)90041-8
Becker, J. B., Arnold, A. P., Berkley, K. J., Blaustein, J. D., Eckel, L. A., Hampson, E., Herman, J. P., Marts, S., Sadee, W., Steiner, M., & Taylor, J. (2015). Strategies and Methods for Research on Sex Differences in Brain and Behavior. Endocrinology, 146(4), 1650–1673. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2004-1142
Burgos-mor, E., Abad-jim, Z., Mart, A., Marañ, D., Iannantuoni, F., Escribano-l, I., Sandra, L., Salom, C., Jover, A., Mora, V., Roldan, I., Sol, E., Rocha, M., & V, M. (2019). Relationship between oxidative stress, ER stress, and inflammation in type 2 diabetes: The battle continues. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(9), 1–22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8091385
Campos-florián, J., Bardales-valdivia, J., Caruajulca-guevara, L., & Cueva-llanos, D. (2013). Anti-diabetic effect of Coffea arabica in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 25(10), 772–777. https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.v25i10.16409
Coelho, C., Ribeiro, M., Cruz, A. S. C., M, M. R., Coimbra, M. A., Bunzel, M., & Nunes, F. M. (2014). Nature of Phenolic Compounds in Coffee Melanoidins Nature of Phenolic Compounds in Coffee Melanoidins. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 62(31), 7843–7853. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf501510d
DeFronzo, R. A., Goodman, A. M., & Abdul-Ghani, M. (2013). Pathophysiologic approach to therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 37(1), S95–S102. https://doi.org/10.2337/dcS13-2011
Donath, M. Y., & Shoelson, S. E. (2011). Type 2 diabetes as an inflammatory disease. Nature Publishing Group, 11(2), 98–107. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri2925
Etuk, E. U. (2010). Animals models for studying diabetes mellitus. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, 1(2), 130–134. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5251/abjna.2010.1.2.130.134
Fadillah, M. F., Rezaldi, F., Fadila, R., Andry, M., Pamungkas, B. T., Mubarok, S., & Susiyanti, S. (2024). Studi Bioteknologi Komputasi (Bioinformatika) Senyawa Vitexin Pada Kombucha Bunga Telang Vitexin Sebagai Antioksidan dan Antikanker. Jurnal Gizi Kerja Dan Produktivitas, 5(1), 60–67. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.62870/jgkp.v5i1.24993
Forbes, J. M., & Cooper, M. E. (2013). Mechanisms of diabetic complications. Physiological Reviews, 104(1), 1–56. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00045.2011
Fuente, F. P., Nocetti, D., Sacristán, C., Ruiz, P., Guerrero, J., Jorquera, G., Uribe, E., Bucarey, J. L., Espinosa, A., & Puente, L. (2020). Physalis peruviana L . Pulp Prevents Liver Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscles of Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Nutrients, 12(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12030700
Guo, Z. V, Hires, S. A., Li, N., Connor, D. H. O., Komiyama, T., Ophir, E., Cox, J., & Svoboda, K. (2014). Procedures for Behavioral Experiments in Head-Fixed Mice. PloS One, 9(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088678
Huang, J., Xie, M., He, L., & Song, X. (2023). Chlorogenic acid: A review on its mechanisms of anti-inflammation, disease treatment, and related delivery systems. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1218015
Ighodaro, O. M., Adeosun, A. M., & Akinloye, O. A. (2018). Alloxan-induced diabetes, a common model for evaluating the glycemic-control potential of therapeutic compounds and plants extracts in experimental studies. Medicina, 53(6), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medici.2018.02.001
Inzucchi, S. E., Bergenstal, R. M., Buse, J. B., Diamant, M., Ferrannini, E., Nauck, M., Peters, A. L., & Tsapas, A. (2015). Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2015: A patient-centered approach. Update to a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 38(1), 140–149. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc14-2441
Kalra, S., Madhu, S. V, & Bajaj, S. (2015). Sulfonylureas: Assets in the past, present and future. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 19(3), 314–316. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.149925
Khairunnisa, F., Alhmahdy, A., & Armenia, A. (2022). Pengaruh Ekstrak Biji Kopi Hijau Ro- busta dan Liberika Terhadap Histopatologi Pankreas Pada Mencit Diabe- tes. Medical Sains: Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian, 7(3), 513–522. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37874/ms.v7i3.391
Lenzen, S. (2008). The mechanisms of alloxan- and streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Diabetologia, 51(2), 216–226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-007-0886-7
Martina, S. J., Govindan, P. A. P., & Wahyuni, A. S. (2019). The difference in effect of Arabica Coffee Gayo beans and leaf (Coffea arabica Gayo) extract on decreasing blood sugar levels in healthy mice. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 7(20), 3363–3365. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.423
Mitiku, H., Kim, T. Y., Kang, H., Apostolidis, E., Lee, J. Y., & Kwon, Y. I. (2022). Selected coffee ( Coffea arabica L .) extracts inhibit intestinal α ‑ glucosidases activities in ‑ vitro and postprandial hyperglycemia in SD Rats. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 22(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-022-03726-7
Mohamed, J., Nazratun Nafizah, A. H., Zariyantey, A. H., & Budin, S. B. (2016). Mechanisms of diabetes-induced liver damage: The role of oxidative stress and inflammation. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 16(2), 132–141. https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2016.16.02.002
Nguyen, V., Taine, E. G., Meng, D., Cui, T., & Tan, W. (2024). Chlorogenic acid: A systematic review on the biological functions, mechanistic actions, and therapeutic potentials. Nutrients, 16(7), 1–36. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16070924
Peng, R., Lan, M., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, S. (2025). Transforming coffee from an empirical beverage to a targeted nutritional intervention : health effects of coffee ’ s core functional components on chronic diseases. Frontiers in Nutrition, 12(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1690881
Perrone, D., Farah, A., & Donangelo, C. M. (2012). Influence of coffee roasting on the incorporation of phenolic compounds into melanoidins and their relationship with antioxidant activity of the brew. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 60(17), 4265–4275.
Petersen, M. C., Vatner, D. F., & Shulman, G. I. (2018). Regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism in health and disease. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 13(10), 572–587. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2017.80.Regulation
Poole, R., Kennedy, O. J., Roderick, P., Fallowfield, J. A., Hayes, P. C., & Parkes, J. (2017). Coffee consumption and health : umbrella review of meta-analyses of multiple health outcomes. BMJ, 1(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j5024
Prendergast, B. J., Onishi, K. G., & Zucker, I. (2014). Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Female mice liberated for inclusion in neuroscience and biomedical research. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 40(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.01.001
Reis, C. E. G., Dórea, J. G., & da Costa, T. H. M. (2018). Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine Effects of coffee consumption on glucose metabolism : A systematic review of clinical trials. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 9(3), 184–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2018.01.001
Rohilla, A., & Ali, S. (1943). Alloxan induced diabetes: Mechanisms and effects. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, 3(2), 819–823.
Shokouh, P., Jeppesen, P. B., Christiansen, C. B., Mellbye, F. B., Hermansen, K., & Gregersen, S. (2019). Efficacy of Arabica versus Robusta coffee in improving weight, insulin resistance, and liver steatosis in a rat model of type-2 diabetes. Nutrients, 11(9), 1–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/nu1109207
Socała, K., Szopa, A., Serefko, A., Poleszak, E., & Wlaź, P. (2021). Neuroprotective Effects of Coffee Bioactive Compounds: A Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(1), 1–64. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010107
Subagiantara, P. A. D. K., Widianti, I. G. A., Widhiartini, I. A. A., Griadhi, I. P. A., Iswari, I. S., & Darwinata, A. E. (2024). Administration of arabica coffee green bean extract ( Coffea arabica L .) reduces tumor necrosis factor-α levels and increases superoxide dismutase levels in excessive physical exercise male Wistar rats ( Rattus norvegicus ). Intisari Sains Medis, 15(2), 825–830. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v15i2.2104
Volpe, C. M. O., Villar-Delfino, P. H., Dos Anjos, P. M. F., & Nogueira-Machado, J. A. (2018). Cellular death , reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) and diabetic complications. Cell Death & Disease, 9(2), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-017-0135-z
Wijayanti, W., Noviyanti, R. D., Luthfianto, D., & Haryanti, R. S. (2026). Peran Kader Kesehatan dan Inovasi Olahan Bekatul serta Kombucha Bunga Telang dalam Penanganan Diabetes Mellitus di Desa Dagen , Karanganyar. Jurnal Medika, 5(1), 1010–1018. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/pcjpmw74
Yana, E. F., & Budijastuti, W. (2022). Gambaran Histopatologi Toksisitas Hepar Tikus Jantan ( Rattus norvegicus ) Pasca-Pemberian Sirup Umbi Yakon ( Smallanthus sonchifolius ) Histopathological Overview of Liver Toxicity of Male Rats ( Rattus norvegicus ) After Administration of Yakon Tuber Sy. LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi, 11(1), 202–207. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.26740/lenterabio.v11n1.p202- 207
Yaribeygi, H., Sathyapalan, T., Atkin, S. L., & Sahebkar, A. (2020). Molecular mechanisms by which oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to diabetes and its complications. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 1(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8609213
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Suyarta Efrida Pakpahan, Putri Miftahur Rizki, Putri Najwa Az-Zahra, Rendi Ramdhani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
