The Effect of Fruit Storage Time on the Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Pumpkin Seed Oil (Cucurbita moschata) "Butternut type"
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v11i1.10165Published:
2025-01-31Issue:
Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): JanuaryKeywords:
Antioxidants, C. moschata, Oil characteristics, Post-harvestResearch Articles
Downloads
How to Cite
Downloads
Metrics
Abstract
Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) contains bioactive compounds that are spread almost throughout the organs. One of the important contents of pumpkin is seed oil which has antioxidant activity. Antioxidants play a role in counteracting free radicals so that it is widely used to improve health quality. Fruit storage can affect seed quality and antioxidant activity in it. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the chemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of pumpkin seed oil with different fruit storage times. The method for obtaining pumpkin seed oil from fruit storage for 10, 20, and 30 Days After Anthesis (DAH) was carried out using the soxhlet extraction method. The extracted oil was thickened using a rotary evaporator. Furthermore, its chemical characteristics were tested including yield, acid number, peroxide number, saponification number, water content. Pumpkin seed oil was measured for its antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. Absorbance was measured at a wavelength of 526 nm using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA followed by the DMRT test with a 95% confidence interval. The results showed that there were significant differences in the variation of fruit storage time including oil yield, acid number, saponification number, and antioxidant activity, while there was no difference in water content. Fruit storage time of 30 DAH gave the most optimal results in all parameters tested. The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is the characteristics and antioxidant activity of pumpkin seed oil at a storage time of 30 DAH produced better oil quality compared to storage times of 10 and 20 DAH.
References
Abdillah, M. N., Musfiroh, I., & Indriyanti, W. (2014). Karakterisasi Minyak Biji Labu Kuning (Curcubita pepo L.) Hasil Ekstraksi dengan Alat Soxhlet. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika, 1(1), 1–7.
Acacio, F. N., Francisco, A. C. A., Jucilayne, F. V., & Maraisa, F. da S. (2015). Physiological maturity of pumpkin seeds. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(27), 2662–2667. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2015.9522
Akhtari, R., & Rosalina, L. (2023). Kelayakan Masker Biji Labu Kuning (Cucurbita Moschata) Untuk Perawatan Kulit Wajah Menua (Anti Aging). Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 7, 16754–16761. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v7i2.9029
Akintade, AO Awolu, OO Ifesan, B. (2019). Nutritional Evaluation Of Fermented, Germinated And Roasted Pumpkin (Cucurbita Maxima) Seed Flour – Research Paper – Adeyanmola Oluwaseyi Akintade *, Olugbenga Olufemi Awolu **,
Beatrice Olawumi * Food Science and Technology Department, Ondo State Uni. XXIII (2), 179–186.
Ariyanti, M. (2021). Teknologi Budidaya Labu Madu Dan Pemanfaatannya Sebagai Pangan Alternatif Di Desa Pasigaran, Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Dharmakarya, 10(2), 159. https://doi.org/10.24198/dharmakarya.v10i2.32340
Arumsari, D. P., Susanto, W. H., & Wijayanti, N. (2017). Pengaruh Lama Penyimpanan Buah dan Proporsi Gula:Slurry terhadap Karakteristik Lempok Labu Kuning ( Cucurbita sp .). Jurnal Pangan Dan Agroindustri, 5(4), 9–19.
Bakeer, M. R., Saleh, S. Y., Gazia, N., Abdelrahman, H. A., Elolimy, A., & Abdelatty, A. M. (2021). Effect of dietary pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) seed oil supplementation on reproductive performance and serum antioxidant capacity in male and nulliparous female V-Line rabbits. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 20(1), 419–425. https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2021.1889406
Bareke, T. (2018). Biology of Seed Development and Germination Physiology. Advances in Plants & Agriculture Research, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.15406/apar.2018.08.00336
Basu, Su., & Groot, S. P. C. (2023). Seed Science and Technology: Biology, Production, Quality. In M. Dadlani & D. K. Yadava (Eds.), Seed Science and Technology: Biology, Production, Quality. Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5
Bieżanowska-Kopeć, R., Ambroszczyk, A. M., Piatkowska, E., & Leszczyńska, T. (2022). Nutritional Value and Antioxidant Activity of Fresh Pumpkin Flowers (Cucurbita sp.) Grown in Poland. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 12(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/app12136673
Boujemaa, I., El Bernoussi, S., Harhar, H., & Tabyaoui, M. (2020). The influence of the species on the quality, chemical composition and antioxidant activity of pumpkin seed oil. OCL - Oilseeds and Fats, Crops and Lipids, 27. https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2020031
Cao, J., Chen, W., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., & Zhao, X. (2010). Content of selected flavonoids in 100 edible vegetables and fruits. Food Science and Technology Research, 16(5), 395–402. https://doi.org/10.3136/fstr.16.395
Colombari, L. F., Chamma, L., da Silva, G. F., Zanetti, W. A. L., Putti, F. F., & Cardoso, A. I. I. (2022). Maturation and Post-Harvest Resting of Fruits Affect the Macronutrients and Protein Content in Sweet Pepper Seeds. Plants, 11(16), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11162084
De Vitis, M., Hay, F. R., Dickie, J. B., Trivedi, C., Choi, J., & Fiegener, R. (2020). Seed storage: maintaining seed viability and vigor for restoration use. Restoration Ecology, 28(S3), S249–S255. https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13174
Dewi, N. P. P. M. S., Bogoriani, N. W., & Suaniti, N. M. (2019). Identifikasi Dan Karakterisasi Profil Asam Lemak Virgin Coconut Oil Dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Etanol Kunyit Putih (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.). Chimica et Natura Acta, 8(3), 125–131.
Enneb, S., Drine, S., Bagues, M., Triki, T., Boussora, F., Guasmi, F., Nagaz, K., & Ferchichi, A. (2020). Phytochemical profiles and nutritional composition of squash (Cucurbita moschata D.) from Tunisia. South African Journal of Botany, 130, 165–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.12.011
Farhat, Naima Hussain, Shabbir Syed, Shahzada Khurram Amjad, Muhammad Javed, Mohsin Iqbal, Muhammad Hussain, Mazhar Haroon, Shah Muhammad Raza, Hamid Butt, Shumaila Zulfiqar Kirain, Rabia Riaz, S. (2020). Dietary Phenolic Compounds In Plants: Their Antioxidant And Pharmacological Potential. Postępy Biologii Komórki, 47(3), 307–320.
Gholipouri, A., & Nazarnejad, H. (2007). The effect of stem pruning and nitrogen levels of on some physico-chemical characteristics of pumpkin seed (Cucurbita pepo L.). In Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences (Vol. 10, Issue 20, pp. 3726–3729). https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2007.3726.3729
Gupta, A., Sharma, R., Sharma, S., & Singh, B. (2019). Oilseed as Potential Food Ingredient. In Trends and Prospects in Foods Technology, Processing and Preservation (Issue November). Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publisher. Hesari, Z., Sharifdini, M., Sharifi-Yazdi, M. K., Ghafari, S., Ghasemi, S., Mahmoudi, S., Mohebali, M., & Nikmanesh, B. (2020). In vitro effects of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) seed extracts on echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces. Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 15(1), 76–83. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpa.v15i1.2529
Indrianingsih, A. W., Rosyida, V. T., Apriyana, W., Nur Hayati, S., Nisa, K., Darsih, C., Kusumaningrum, A., Ratih, D., & Indirayati, N. (2019). Comparisons of antioxidant activities of two varieties of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata and Cucurbita maxima) extracts. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 251(1), 7–13. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/251/1/012021
Julianty, R., Kurniasih, E., & Sami, M. (2021). Pemanfaatan Biji Labu Kuning (Cucurbita Moschata) Sebagai Sumber Minyak Nabati Menggunakan Metode Ekstraksi Soxhletasi. Jurnal Teknologi, 1(2), 46–51.
Kabutey, A., Mizera, & Herák, D. (2024). Evaluation of percentage oil yield, energy requirement and mechanical properties of selected bulk oilseeds under compression loading. Journal of Food Engineering, 360(July 2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2023.111719
Kafkaletou, M., Ouzounidou, G., & Tsantili, E. (2021). Fruit ripening, antioxidants and oil composition in koroneiki olives (Olea europea l.) at different maturity indices. Agronomy, 11(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11010122
Khoirunnisa, Z., Wardana, A. S., & Rauf, R. (2020). Angka Asam Dan Peroksida Minyak Jelantah Dari Penggorengan Lele Secara Berulang. Jurnal Kesehatan, 12(2), 81–90. https://doi.org/10.23917/jk.v12i2.9764
Kim, N. R., Kim, H. Y., Kim, M. H., Kim, H. M., & Jeong, H. J. (2016). Improvement of depressive behavior by Sweetme Sweet PumpkinTM and its active compound, β-carotene. Life Sciences, 147, 39–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.036
Lempang, I., Fatimawali, & Pelealu, N. (2016). Uji Kualitas Minyak Goreng Curah Dan Minyak Goreng Kemasan Di Manado. Pharmacon Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 5(4).
Li, X., Li, J., Dong, S., Li, Y., Wei, L., Zhao, C., Li, J., Liu, X., & Wang, Y. (2019). Effects of germination on tocopherol, secoisolarlciresinol diglucoside, cyanogenic glycosides and antioxidant activities in flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.). International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 54(7), 2346–2354. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.14098
Majid, A. K., Ahmed, Z., & Khan, R. (2020). Effect of pumpkin seed oil on cholesterol fractions and systolic/diastolic blood pressure. Food Science and Technology (Brazil), 40(3), 769–777. https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.03720
Martínez, C., Valenzuela, J. L., & Jamilena, M. (2021). Genetic and pre-and postharvest factors influencing the content of antioxidants in cucurbit crops. Antioxidants, 10(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10060894
Maryam, S. (2015). Kadar antioksidan dan IC50 tempe kacang merah (Phaseulus vulgaris L) yang difermentasi dengan lama fermentasi berbeda. Proceedings Seminar Nasional FMIPA UNDIKSHA V, 347–352.
Men, X., Choi, S. Il, Han, X., Kwon, H. Y., Jang, G. W., Choi, Y. E., Park, S. M., & Lee, O. H. (2021). Physicochemical, nutritional and functional properties of Cucurbita moschata. Food Science and Biotechnology, 30(2), 171–183. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-020-00835-2
Muqasyifah, Nurhaeni, Syamsuddin, & Khairuddin. (2020). Perubahan Bilangan Peroksida pada Blending VCO-Ekstrak Likopen Buah Tomat Berdasarkan Perbandingan Rasio dan Lama Penyimpanan. KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia, 6(2), 112–117. https://doi.org/10.22487/kovalen.2020.v6.i2.13132
Musafira, Dzulkifli, Fardinah, N. (2020). Pengaruh Kadar Air dan Kadar Asam Lemak Bebas Terhadap Masa Simpan Minyak Kelapa Mandar [ The Influence of Water Content and Free Fatty Acid Content on Mandar Coconut Oil Shelf Life]. Riset Kimia, 6(November), 224–229.
Nadjiba, C. M., Nassima, B., Amel, M., & Soumeya, F. (2018). Anti-Inflammatory And Anti-Microbial Activity Of Fatty Oils Of Pumpkin Seeds (Cucurbita moschata) Harvested In Bouira (Algeria). International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference:SGEM, 725–732.
Nguyen, Q. H., Talou, T., Cerny, M., Evon, P., & Merah, O. (2015). Oil and fatty acid accumulation during coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) fruit ripening under organic cultivation. Crop Journal, 3(4), 366–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2015.05.002
Oloyede, F. M., Obisesan, I. O., Agbaje, G. O., & Obuotor, E. M. (2012). Effect of NPK fertilizer on chemical composition of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo Linn.) seeds. The Scientific World Journal, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1100/2012/808196
Petkova, Z. Y., & Antova, G. A. (2015). Changes in the composition of pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita moschata) during development and maturation. Grasas y Aceites, 66(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0706142
Pott, D. M., Vallarino, J. G., & Osorio, S. (2020). Metabolite changes during postharvest storage: Effects on fruit quality traits. Metabolites, 10(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo10050187
Prommaban, A., Kuanchoom, R., Seepuan, N., & Chaiyana, W. (2021). Evaluation of fatty acid compositions, antioxidant, and pharmacological activities of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) seed oil from aqueous enzymatic extraction. Plants, 10(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081582
Ramos, C. A. da S., Soares, T. L., Barroso, N. S., & Pelacani, C. R. (2021). Influence of maturity stage on physical and chemical characteristics of fruit and physiological quality of seeds of Physalis angulata L. Scientia Horticulturae, 284(January). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110124
Rosales, R., Photchanachai, S., Khanobdee, C., Boonyaritthongchai, P., & Wongs-Aree, C. (2023). Store or not to store: A comparative study on the physicochemical properties of pumpkin. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1182(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1182/1/012070
Ruswanto, A., Ramelan, A. H., Praseptiangga, D., & Partha, I. B. B. (2020). Palm oil yield potency on different level of ripening and storage time based on fruits percentage and fresh fruit bunches. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 443(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/443/1/012005
Sari, M., Ritonga, Y., & Saragih, S. W. (2019). Pengaruh Kadar Air Pada Proses Pemucatan Minyak Kelapa Sawit. Talenta Conference Series: Science and Technology (ST), 2(1), 79–83. https://doi.org/10.32734/st.v2i1.317
Sari, N. P., & Putri, W. D. R. (2018). Pengaruh Lama Penyimpanan Dan Metode Pemasakan Terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia Labu Kuning (Cucurbita moschata). Jurnal Pangan Dan Agroindustri, 6(1), 17–27. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jpa.2018.006.01.3
Singh, A., & Kumar, V. (2023). Phyto-chemical and bioactive compounds of pumpkin seed oil as affected by different extraction methods. Food Chemistry Advances, 2(February), 100211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.focha.2023.100211
Slamet, N., Yusuf, G., Husain, F., Mohamad, F., Wicita, P., Zulfiayu, & Yunus, F. (2023). Suplementasi Sari Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) Menurunkan Bilangan Peroksida Dan Asam Lemak Bebas VCO. Jurnal Katalisator, 8(1), 111–122.
Soetjipto, H., Anggreini, T., & Cahyanti, M. N. (2018). Profil Asam Lemak Dan Karakterisasi Minyak Biji Labu Kuning (Cucurbita moschata D.). Jurnal Kimia Dan Kemasan, 40(2), 79. https://doi.org/10.24817/jkk.v40i2.3797
Suranto, S., Hidayati, N. R., Furqan, M., Mahadjoeno, E., & Sajidan, S. (2023). Flavonoid compound of Cucurbita moschata at three different altitudes. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 24(3), 1853–1860. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240361
Suwannapong, A., Talubmook, C., & Promprom, W. (2023). Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activities of Fruit Pulp Extracts of Cucurbita moschata Duchesne and Cucurbita maxima Duchesne. Scientific World Journal, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1124606
Tjiptowibisono, S., Tedianto, T., Purwanto, E., & Sety, P. (2015). The Relationship Between Altitudes And The Contents Of Protein, Carbohydrates, Lipids Of Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata). AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science, 37(1), 59–66. https://doi.org/10.17503/Agrivita-2015-37-1-p059-066
Villaverde, P., Lajous, M., MacDonald, C. J., Fagherazzi, G., Bonnet, F., & Boutron-Ruault, M. C. (2019). High dietary total antioxidant capacity is associated with a reduced risk of hypertension in French women. Nutrition Journal, 18(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-019-0456-0
Vinod, K., Tomar, B. S., Kaddi, G., & Kumar, S. (2014). Effect of stage of harvest and post harvest ripening on hybrid seed yield and quality in bottle gourd. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 71(3), 428–432.
Zhou, Y., Zhao, W., Lai, Y., Zhang, B., & Zhang, D. (2020). Edible Plant Oil: Global Status, Health Issues, and Perspectives. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11(August), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.0131
Author Biographies
Nur Rahmah Hidayati, Universitas Muhammadiyah Tegal
Putri Deti Ratih, Muhammadiyah University of Tegal
Tutik Wuryandari, Muhammadiyah University of Tegal
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Rahmah Hidayati, Putri Deti Ratih, Tutik Wuryandari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
