The Effect of Andaliman Fruit Extract (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) on α-Synuclein Levels in Rotenon-Induced Wistar Rats

Authors

Citra Puan Maulidza , Binarwan Halim , Linda Chiuman , Atika Rimalda Nasution , Yohani Theresia

DOI:

10.29303/jppipa.v11i2.10362

Published:

2025-02-25

Issue:

Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): February

Keywords:

andaliman fruit, α-synuclein, Plasma, Rotenone

Research Articles

Downloads

How to Cite

Maulidza, C. P., Halim, B., Chiuman, L., Nasution, A. R., & Theresia, Y. (2025). The Effect of Andaliman Fruit Extract (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) on α-Synuclein Levels in Rotenon-Induced Wistar Rats. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(2), 516–524. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i2.10362

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Abstract

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of dopamine and formation of α-synuclein aggregates in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). This study aims to evaluate α-synuclein levels in the plasma of rotenone-induced Wistar rats as a model of Parkinson's disease and the therapeutic effect of Andaliman fruit extract. The design of this study was experimental with 25 male Wistar rats divided into five groups, negative control group (K-, only given distilled water), positive control (K+, induced rotenone 3 mg/kgBB/day for two weeks), and three treatment groups (P1, P2, P3) induced rotenone and given Andaliman extract orally at a dose of 150 mg/kgBB, 300 mg/kgBB, and 450 mg/kgBB respectively for 14 days. Measurement of levels was performed using ELISA on day 14 after induction and day 28 after therapy. The results of one-way ANOVA analysis showed that Andaliman extract significantly reduced α-synuclein levels at all doses compared to the positive control (p=0.000). The decrease in α-synuclein levels indicates the potential of Andaliman fruit extract in reducing Parkinson's disease-related pathology in mouse models.

References

Abdel-Salam, O., Omara, E., Youness, E., Khadrawy, Y., Mohammed, N., & Sleem, A. (2014). Rotenone-induced nigrostriatal toxicity is reduced by methylene blue. Journal of Neurorestoratology, 65. https://doi.org/10.2147/JN.S49207

Agustin, H. I. (2024). Analisis Kadar Protein, Kadar Zat Besi Dan Sifat Organoleptik Pada Mi Kering Dengan Substitusi Kacang Tolo (Vigna unguiculata). Pontianak Nutrition Journal (PNJ), 7(1). https://doi.org/10.30602/pnj.v7i1.1249

Alia, S., Hidayati, H. B., Hamdan, M., Nugraha, P., Fahmi, A., Turchan, A., & Haryono, Y. (2022). Penyakit Parkinson: Tinjauan Tentang Salah Satu Penyakit Neurodegeneratif yang Paling Umum. AKSONA, 1(2), 95–99. https://doi.org/10.20473/aksona.v1i2.145

Amelia, A., Andriani, Y., & Andriani, L. (2020). Gambaran Histopatologi Otak Mencit (Mus Musculus l) Setelah Pemberian Fraksi Daun Sembung Rambat (Mikania Micrantha Kunth) Sebagai Aktivitas Neuroprotektan. Jurnal Farmamedika (Pharmamedica Journal), 5(1), 30–37. https://doi.org/10.47219/ath.v5i1.91

Anggraeni, R. (2020). Uji Karakteristik Simplisia Buah Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.). JIFI (Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Imelda), 3(2), 32–38. https://doi.org/10.52943/jifarmasi.v3i2.210

Aprinaldi, B. (2020). Skrining Fitokimia Dan Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol Rumput Laut Merah (Gracilaria Verrucosa) Terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Sayat Pada Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar. Journal of Pharmacopolium, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.36465/jop.v3i1.571

Arjita, I. P. D., Saputra, I. P. B. A., & Sukmana, D. J. (2023). Noni (Morinda Citrifolia) Ethanol Extract Lowered Blood Glucose Levels, Increased Glutathione Peroxidase Activity, And Decreased Malondialdehyde in White Rats Model of Diabetes. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(12), 10698–10704. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i12.6076

Betarbet, R., Sherer, T. B., MacKenzie, G., Garcia-Osuna, M., Panov, A. V., & Greenamyre, J. T. (2000). Chronic systemic pesticide exposure reproduces features of Parkinson’s disease. Nature Neuroscience, 3(12), Article 12. https://doi.org/10.1038/81834

Borghammer, P., Horsager, J., Andersen, K., Van Den Berge, N., Raunio, A., Murayama, S., Parkkinen, L., & Myllykangas, L. (2021). Neuropathological evidence of body-first vs. Brain-first Lewy body disease. Neurobiology of Disease, 161, 105557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105557

Chu, C., Yu, L., Li, Y., Guo, H., Zhai, Q., Chen, W., & Tian, F. (2023). Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM405 against Rotenone-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Mice via Regulating Gut Microbiota and Branched-Chain Amino Acids Biosynthesis. Nutrients, 15(7), Article 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15071737

Dhillon, J. M. K., Chiuman, L., & Rusip, G. (2024). Effectiveness of Andaliman Extract on Blood Sugar Levels of White Mice Induced by STZ HOMA-IR. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(12), 9915–9925. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i12.9163

Djrami, J., Niwele, A., & Polpoke, N. (2022). Uji Farmakologi Ekstrak Etanol 70% Daun Kersen (Muntigua Calabula L) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Mencit (Mus musculus). Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Kesehatan, 1(1), 133-149. https://doi.org/10.55606/jurrikes.v1i1.897

Elmorsy, E., Al-Ghafari, A., Al Doghaither, H., Hashish, S., Salama, M., Mudyanselage, A. W., James, L., & Carter, W. G. (2023). Differential Effects of Paraquat, Rotenone, and MPTP on Cellular Bioenergetics of Undifferentiated and Differentiated Human Neuroblastoma Cells. Brain Sciences, 13(12), 1717. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13121717

Farida, Y., Azela, W., Lestar, M. E., & Pratami, D. K. (2021). The Quality Parameters, Total Flavonoids Determination And Antioxidant Activity Compound Of Andaliman Fruit Andaliman Fruit (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium Dc.) Extract. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 34–40. https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2021.v13s2.07

Fikry, H., Saleh, L. A., & Abdel Gawad, S. (2022). Neuroprotective effects of curcumin on the cerebellum in a rotenone‐induced Parkinson’s Disease Model. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 28(5). https://doi.org/10.1111/cns.13805

González-Usigli, H. A., Ortiz, G. G., Charles-Niño, C., Mireles-Ramírez, M. A., Pacheco-Moisés, F. P., Torres-Mendoza, B. M. D. G., Hernández-Cruz, J. D. J., Delgado-Lara, D. L. D. C., & Ramírez-Jirano, L. J. (2023). Neurocognitive Psychiatric and Neuropsychological Alterations in Parkinson’s Disease: A Basic and Clinical Approach. Brain Sciences, 13(3), 508. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13030508

Haidir, Y. P., Saputri, G. A. R., & Hermawan, D. (2022). Uji Efektivitas Kombinasi Umbi Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine Palmifolia (l.) Merr) Dan Daun Insulin (Tithonia Diversifolia) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Diinduksi Na2edta. JFM (Jurnal Farmasi Malahayati), 5(1). https://doi.org/10.33024/jfm.v5i1.7004

Halim, V. A., Suyono, T., Chiuman, L., Tambunan, A. Z., & Nadia, F. A. (2024). Effectiveness of Durian Seed Extract (Durio zibethinus Murr) on Blood Sugar Levels and Pancreatic Histopathology in Streptozotocin-Induced Wistar Rats. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(12), 10394–10402. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i12.9785

Halimah, S. N., & Febriani, H. (2023). Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Buah Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) Terhadap Profil Darah Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus L.) Yang Diinduksi Tartrazin. Spizaetus: Jurnal Biologi dan Pendidikan Biologi, 5(3), 395-408. Retrieved from https://jurnal.uisu.ac.id/index.php/best/article/view/6932/5272

Hartini, S., Sukarya, I. G. A., & Wasito, A. P. (2024). Effects of Black Garlic (Black Allium sativum) on Creatinine Levels in Tuberculosis-Infected Mice (Mus Musculus). International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM), 6(3), 1022-1040. https://doi.org/10.47006/ijierm.v6i3.380

Herlianto, M. F. J., Hendrawan, S., & Ferdinal, F. (2023). Uji Fitokimia Dan Kapasitas Total Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Salam (Syzygium Polyanthum). Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v4i4.16330

Hidajat, D., Tilana, F. G. & Kusuma, I. G. B. S. A. (2023). Dampak Polusi Udara terhadap Kesehatan Kulit. Unram Medical Journal, 12(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.29303/jku.v12i4.1021

Hyacintha, I. P., Putri, N. D., Hsb, S. R., Juliana, L., & Wardhani, F. M. (2024). Pemberian Ekstrak Kunyit Putih Pada Nefropati Diabeticum Tikus Wistar Yang Terdampak Diabetes Melitus. Jambura Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 6(4), 535–543. https://doi.org/10.35971/jjhsr.v6i4.27270

Iznilillah, W., Jumiono, A., & Fanani, M. Z. (2023). Perbandingan Proksimat, Antioksidan, dan Antosianin pada Berbagai Produk Olahan Pangan dengan Penambahan Pewarna Alami Bunga Telang. Jurnal Ilmiah Pangan Halal, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.30997/jiph.v5i2.10651

Kuncoro, P. T., Setyaningsih, I., & Was’an, M. (2020). Peran α-synuclein sebagai target terapi parkinsonisme pasca cedera kepala. Berkala NeuroSains, 19(1), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.22146/bns.v19i1.61895

Kurnia, D., Itqan Mazdadi, M., Kartini, D., Adi Nugroho, R., & Abadi, F. (2023). Seleksi Fitur dengan Particle Swarm Optimization pada Klasifikasi Penyakit Parkinson Menggunakan XGBoost. Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer, 10(5), 1083–1094. https://doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.20231057252

Lister, I. N. E., Andreas, M., Limbong, N., & Latitia, S. (2022). Analisa Aktivitas Antibakteri dari Ekstrak Metanol Buah Andaliman terhadap Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Secara In Vitro. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling (JPDK), 4(5), 6181-6193. https://doi.org/10.31004/jpdk.v4i5.7684

Maharani, N. A. A., Wahyudi, B. R. S., Iqlima, A. Y., Abida, A. N., Kirana, D. C., Mario, A. N., & Harahap, H. S. (2024). The Potential of Natural Levodopa in Koro Benguk Seeds (Mucuna pruriens) for Treatment in Parkinson's Disease. Jurnal Biologi Tropis, 24(3), 341-363. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7265

Mahral, E. (2021). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Buah Andaliman (Zanthixylum acanthopodium DC.) Dengan Metode DPPH. Herbal Medicine Journal, 3. Retrieved from https://hmj.jurnalsenior.com/index.php/hmj/article/view/29

Pratiwi, I. N., Aligita, W., & Kaniawati, M. (2021). Kajian potensi antioksidan dari tanaman herbal dan pengaruhnya terhadap penyakit Parkinson. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 17(1), 80–95. https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.vol17.iss1.art9

Safitri, A. T. (2020). Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) Terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus aureus. Jurnal Farmasi Udayana, 9(2), 66. https://doi.org/10.24843/jfu.2020.v09.i02.p01

Salsabila, S. F., Aligita, W., & Mulyani, Y. (2021). Review: Neuroprotective effect of herbal plant extracts against Parkinson’s disease. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.vol17.iss2.art9

Sijabat, F., Siregar, R., & Simamora, M. (2021). Pengaruh Rebusan Daun Binahong (Anredera Cardifolia) Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Pada Lansia Dm Tipe Ii Di Puskesmas Kota Datar. PREPOTIF: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 6(1), 204–213. https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v6i1.3465

Susilawati, I. D. A. (2021). Kajian Pustaka: Sumber Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Vaskular. STOMATOGNATIC - Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.19184/stoma.v18i1.27959

Syaputri, I., Girsang, E., & Chiuman, L. (2022). Test of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of andaliman fruit (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium Dc.) with DPPH (1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) trapping method and minimum inhibitory concentration. International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP), 2(2), 215-224. https://doi.org/10.51601/ijhp.v2i2.36

Tandi, J., Wulandari, A., & Asrifa, A. (2017). Efek Ekstrak Etanol Daun Gendola Merah (Basella alba L.) terhadap Kadar Kreatinin, Ureum dan Deskripsi Histologis Tubulus Ginjal Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Diabetes yang Diinduksi Streptozotocin. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy), 3(2), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.0.v0.i0.8813

Tanessa, M., P, G. A. P., Chiuman, L., & Kotsasi, F. (2023). Effectiveness Of Andaliman Extract Nanoemulsion (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium DC) Against Lipid Profile In Streptozotocin-Induced Wistar Male Rats (STZ). Journal Health & Science : Gorontalo Journal Health and Science Community, 7(1), 27–34. https://doi.org/10.35971/gojhes.v7i1.17387

Wang, X., Chi, J., Huang, D., Ding, L., Zhao, X., Jiang, L., Yu, Y., & Gao, F. (2019). α-synuclein promotes progression of Parkinson’s disease by upregulating autophagy signaling pathway to activate NLRP3 inflammasome. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 19(2), 931-938. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.8297

Wardani, Y., Dewi, N. P., Alaydrus, S., & Rachmawati, M. (2024). Subchronic Toxicity Test of Purple Leaves Ethanol Extract (PLEE) on the Histopathological Picture of the Pancreas of Wistar Rats. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(6), 3325–3333. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i6.8069

Winarti, W., Simanjuntak, P., & Syahidin, M. F. (2018). Identifikasi Senyawa Kimia Aktif Antioksidan Dari Ekstrak Etil Asetat Buah Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC). Talenta Conference Series: Tropical Medicine (TM), 1(3), 162–166. https://doi.org/10.32734/tm.v1i3.283

Windyaswari, A. S., Elfahmi, E., Faramayuda, F., Riyanti, S., Luthfi, O. M., Ayu, I. P., Pratiwi, N. T. M., Husna, K. H. N., & Magfirah, R. (2019). Profil fitokimia selada laut (Ulva lactuca) dan mikro alga filamen (Spirogyra sp) sebagai bahan alam bahari potensial dari perairan Indonesia. Kartika : Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 7(2), 88–101. https://doi.org/10.26874/kjif.v7i2.288

Zebua, W. I., Chiuman, L., & Fachrial, E. (2024). Histopathological evaluation of green betel leaf extract ointment on incision wounds infected with Staphylococcus aureus in wistar rats. Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium, 13(2), 71-82. https://doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v13i2.475

Author Biographies

Citra Puan Maulidza, Universitas Prima Indonesia

Binarwan Halim, Universitas Prima Indonesia

Linda Chiuman, Universitas Prima Indonesia

Atika Rimalda Nasution, Universitas Prima Indonesia

Yohani Theresia, Universitas Prima Indonesia

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Citra Puan Maulidza, Binarwan Halim, Linda Chiuman, Atika Rimalda Nasution, Yohani Theresia

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).