Community-Based Total Sanitation Practices in Families Suffering from Stunting in Raknamo Village, District Amabi Oefeto, Kupang Regency
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v11i4.10744Published:
2025-04-25Issue:
Vol. 11 No. 4 (2025): AprilKeywords:
Clean water, Hand washing, Sanitation, StuntingResearch Articles
Downloads
How to Cite
Downloads
Metrics
Abstract
The stunting rate in Raknamo village is the highest with a total of 45 cases. The research objectives are: Analyzing the relationship between community-based total sanitation (STBM) practices and the incidence of stunting and analyzing the STBM practice factors that are most dominant in their relationship to the incidence of stunting. Therefore, research on STBM practices is very important to find out STBM factors that are related to stunting so that efforts can be made to prevent and overcome stunting. Types of qualitative and quantitative descriptive research (mixed methods). This approach was chosen to understand complex phenomena related to community-based total sanitation (STBM) practices in families of stunting sufferers, identify factors that influence the implementation of STBM, analyze the level of knowledge and community sanitation practices in depth. Qualitative research reveals subjective aspects, people's perceptions of STBM, quantitative research provides an accurate numerical picture of existing conditions. The results show that the defecation habits of respondents in cases with a latrine are 27 (69%), and families who do not have a latrine but still share are 12 (31%). (69%) have a private latrine, but there are still 31% who do not have a latrine and use shared facilities or defecate in the garden. The CTPS practice of families of toddlers with stunting is still low, only 33% always do it, while 64% sometimes do it. All families of toddlers with stunting (100%) boil water before consuming it, but only 79% keep the water source clean.
References
Ali, A. (2021). Current status of malnutrition and stunting in Pakistani children: what needs to Be done? Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 40(2), 180–192. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2020.1750504
Andersson, K., Dickin, S., & Rosemarin, A. (2016). Towards “sustainable” sanitation: Challenges and opportunities in urban areas. Sustainability (Switzerland), 8(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/su8121289
Antwi-Agyei, P., Dwumfour-Asare, B., Adjei, K. A., Kweyu, R., & Simiyu, S. (2020). Understanding the barriers and opportunities for effective management of shared sanitation in low-income settlements—the case of kumasi, ghana. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124528
Arsyaf, F., Aprilia, S., & Usman, S. (2023). Connecting Factors for the Application of Community-Based Total Sanitation in the Work Area of the Blang Bintang Health Center, Aceh Besar. JIPI (Jurnal IPA & Pembelajaran IPA), 7(2), 156–165. https://doi.org/10.24815/jipi.v7i2.30554
Bivins, A., Lowry, S., Murphy, H. M., Borchardt, M., Coyte, R., Labhasetwar, P., & Brown, J. (2020). Waterborne pathogen monitoring in Jaipur, India reveals potential microbial risks of urban groundwater supply. Npj Clean Water, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-020-00081-3
Cooper, M. W., Brown, M. E., Hochrainer-Stigler, S., Pflug, G., McCallum, I., Fritz, S., Silva, J., & Zvoleff, A. (2019). Mapping the effects of drought on child stunting. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116(35), 17219–17224. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1905228116
Foggitt, E., Cawood, S., Evans, B., & Acheampong, P. (2019). Experiences of shared sanitation – towards a better understanding of access, exclusion and ‘toilet mobility’ in low-income urban areas. Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 9(3), 581–590. https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2019.025
Freeman, M. C., Stocks, M. E., Cumming, O., Jeandron, A., Higgins, J. P. T., Wolf, J., Prüss-Ustün, A., Bonjour, S., Hunter, P. R., Fewtrell, L., & Curtis, V. (2014). Systematic review: Hygiene and health: Systematic review of handwashing practices worldwide and update of health effects. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 19(8), 906–916. https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12339
Gambrill, M., Gilsdorf, R. J., & Kotwal, N. (2020). Citywide Inclusive Sanitation—Business as Unusual: Shifting the Paradigm by Shifting Minds. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 7(February), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2019.00201
Gitau, G. N., & Kimiywe, J. O. (2015). Primary School Pupils in Kenya Learn and Practice Good Hygiene. Journal of Child and Adolescent Behaviour, 03(06), 6–8. https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4494.1000267
Growth, S. (2014). Beyond Malnutrition: The Role of Sanitation in Stunted Growth. Environmental Health Perspectives, 122(11), 298–303. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.122-A298
Habib, M., Hussain, M., Parveen, K., & Afzal, M. (2019). Effectiveness of Education to Improve Knowledge Regarding Hand Washing Practices of Primary School Children in Rural Community. Saudi Journal of Nursing and Health Care, 02(10), 331–338. https://doi.org/10.36348/sjnhc.2019.v02i10.001
Hariani, H., Fahturrahman, T., Astuti, T., & Wiralis, W. (2023). Effect of Supplementary Food Substitution of Sea Urchin Gonads (Diadema Setosum) on TSH Hormone, Height, and Weight of Stunted Toddlers in Soropia District. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(6), 4279–4288. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i6.3513
Hughes, J. M., & Koplan, J. P. (2005). Saving lives through global safe water. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 11(10), 1636–1637. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1110.051099
Khairiyah, D., & Fayasari, A. (2020). Perilaku higiene dan sanitasi meningkatkan risiko kejadian stunting balita usia 12-59 bulan di Banten. Ilmu Gizi Indonesia, 3(2), 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.35842/ilgi.v3i2.137
Kristianingrum, D. Y., Barir, B., Shofiyah, S., Yosin, E. P., & Sandi, D. F. (2023). Strengthening Nutrition Sources Based on Local Food as an Effort to Prevent Stunting. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(SpecialIssue), 692–697. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9iSpecialIssue.6401
Makripuddin, L., M.Si., D. A. R., & Febiola Tazrina Tazir, M. (2021). Kebijakan dan Strategi Percepatan Penurunan Stunting di Indonesia. Bkkbn. Retrieved from https://news.ge/anakliis-porti-aris-qveynis-momava
Marzuki, I. (2024). Kualitas Air Buruk Sebabkan Stunting. Retrieved from https://www.rri.co.id/stunting/1198499/kualitas-air-buruk-sebabkan-stunting
Moropeng, R. C., Budeli, P., & Momba, M. N. B. (2021). An integrated approach to hygiene, sanitation, and storage practices for improving microbial quality of drinking water treated at point of use: A case study in Makwane village, South Africa. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126313
Oginawati, K., Yapfrine, S. J., Fahimah, N., Salami, I. R. S., & Susetyo, S. H. (2023). The associations of heavy metals exposure in water sources to the risk of stunting cases. Emerging Contaminants, 9(4), 100247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emcon.2023.100247
Ogwu, M. C., Pamela, B. O., Dare, A. F., Ovuru, K. F., & Iyiola, A. O. (2024). Traditional and Conventional Water Treatment Methods: A Sustainable Approach. In Water Crises and Sustainable Management in the Global South (pp. 461–486). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4966-9_15
Oktofani, R., Kartikaningsih, H., & Badriyah, N. (2025). The Correlation between Environmental Sanitation and Stunting Management through Women’s Interventions and Food Security in Pre-School Age Children. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(1), 236–243. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i1.8265
Prasetya, D. (2022). Cegah Stunting dengan Sanitasi yang Baik. Retrieved from https://www.kemenkopmk.go.id/cegah-stunting-dengan-sanitasi-yang-baik
Prendergast, A. J., & Humphrey, J. H. (2014). The stunting syndrome in developing countries. Paediatrics and International Child Health, 34(4), 250–265. https://doi.org/10.1179/2046905514Y.0000000158
Puhi, C. N., Sudirman, A. N., & Febriyona, R. (2023). Studi Literatur : Hubungan Status Gizi Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Balita 0-5 Tahun. Jurnal Nurse, 6(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.57213/nurse.v6i1.165
Rahfiludin, M. Z., Winarni, S., & others. (2023). Exploring Factors Contributing to Stunting in Children Under 5 Years: Systematic Review. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(SpecialIssue), 95–103. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9iSpecialIssue.5851
Sesay, B. P., Hakizimana, J. L., Elduma, A. H., & Gebru, G. N. (2022). Assessment of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Practices Among Households, 2019 − Sierra Leone: A Community-based Cluster Survey. Environmental Health Insights, 16. https://doi.org/10.1177/11786302221125042
Sugiyono. (2016). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Dan Kombinasi (Mixed Methods). Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tetania, A. I., Witdiawati, W., & Rosidin, U. (2023). Correlation Between Clean Water Supply and Waste Management with Knowledge of Stunting. Journal of Nursing Care, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.24198/jnc.v6i2.44554
Thani, T. S. (2023). Characterization of Escherichia Coli Pathotypes and Factors Associated with Well and Water Contamination in Mombasa County. Retrieved from http://ir.jkuat.ac.ke/handle/123456789/6010
World Health Organization. (2018). Guidelines on sanitation and health. In Guidelines on sanitation and health (p. 220). Retrieved from https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/biblio-1046859
Author Biographies
Albina Bare Telan, Polytechnic of Health Ministry of Health Kupang
Lidia Br Tarigan, Polytechnic of Health Ministry of Health Kupang
Enni Rosida Sinaga, Polytechnic of Health Ministry of Health Kupang
Yulia, Polytechnic of Health Ministry of Health Pontianak
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Albina Bare Telan, Lidia Br Tarigan, Enni Rosida Sinaga, Yulia

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).