Hydrocracking Reaction of n-Hexadekane Using Nickel-Natural Zeolite Catalyst and Determination of Activation Energy (Ea) and Reaction Order
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v8i3.1514Published:
2022-07-31Issue:
Vol. 8 No. 3 (2022): JulyKeywords:
Natural zeolite, Catalyst, Hydrocracking, Activation energy, Reaction orderResearch Articles
Downloads
How to Cite
Downloads
Metrics
Abstract
Research has been carried out on the preparation of active natural zeolite impregnated with nickel followed by activity testing through the hydrocracking catalytic reaction of n-Hexadecane. Active natural zeolite was obtained from PT Prima Zeolita Yogyakarta. The nickel concentration in the zeolite sample was carried out by ion exchange method with [Ni(NH3)6]2+ precursor solution with a concentration of 0.06M. The nickel content of the catalyst was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The hydrocracking reaction used a fixed bed reactor system. Ratio of feed (n-Hexadecane) : catalyst = 3 : 1 (in gram). Catalysis study also carried out at various temperatures, from 315oC - 450oC at  certain nickel content.  The results of the catalytic reaction at each temperature after passing through the cooling system there was a liquid fraction that had been successfully accommodated then weighed and determined the percent of conversion. Furthermore, for the determination of Ea and the order of the reaction using linear regression calculations. The results showed that the catalytic reaction using an active natural Ni-Zeolite catalyst in the n-Hexadecane hydrocracking process resulted in different conversion results depending on the temperature of the catalytic reaction. The largest conversion was obtained at a temperature of 450oC, which was 35.18%. The reaction order was the first-order reaction (n=1). Meanwhile, the activation energy or activation energy (Ea) of the catalytic reaction in the n-Hexadecane hydrocracking process using a natural Ni-Natural zeolite catalyst with a nickel content of 2.0% (w/w) was 127.071 kJmol-1.
References
Amilia, N., K Siadi, K., & Latifah. (2015). Pengaruh Temperatur pada Reaksi α-Pinena Mnjadi α-Terpineol Terkatalis Zeolit Alam Teraktivasi. Jurnal MIPA, 38(1),38-48. https://doi.org/10.15294/ijmns.v38i1.5485
Arroyo, M.J.A, Martens, G.G, Froment, G.F, Marin, G.B, Jacobs, P.A., & Martens, J.A. (2000). Hydrocracking Isomerization of n-Paraffin Mixtures and a Hydrotreated Gas Oil on Pt/ZSM-22: Confirmation of Pore Mouth and Key-lock Catalysis in Liquid Phase. Applied Catalysis a: General ,192: 9-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-860X(99)00331-2
Augustine, J.R. (First Ed). (1990). Heterogeneous Catalysis for The Synthetic Chemist. New York, USA: Marcel Decker, Inc.
Aziz, I., Edra, A.F.A., Nanda, S., & Lisa, A. (2021). Catalytic Cracking of Crude Biodiesel into Biohydrocarbon Using Natural Zeolite Impregnated Nickel Oxide Catalyst. J.Kim Sains dan Apl, 24(7), 222-227. https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.24.7.222-227
Benito, A.M., & Martines, M.T. (1996). Catalytic Hydrocracking of an Aspaltenic Coal Residu. ACS: Energy and Fuel, 10, 1235-1240. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef9600467
Gates, B.C, Katzer, J.R., & Schuts, G.C.A. (1979). Chemistry of Catalytic Processes. New York, USA: Mc Graw Hill Book Company.
Hegedus, L.L. (1987). Catalyst Design Progress and Perspective. New York, USA: John Willey and Sons Inc.
Isoda, T, Kusokabe, K., & Marooka, S. (1998). Reactivity and Selectivity for The Hydrocracking of Vacuum Gas Oil over Metal Loaded and Dealuminated Y-Zeolites. ACS: Energy and Fuel, 12 (3), 493–502. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef970136r
Joo, H.S., & Guin, J.A. (1997). Hydrocracking of a Plastic Pyrolysis Gas Oil to Naptha. ACS: Energy and Fuel, 11(3), 586–592. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef960151g
Khabib, I., Kadarwati, S., & Wahyuni. (2014). Deactivation and Regeration of Ni/ZA Catalyst in Hydrocracking of Polypropylena. Indo. J. Chem, 14 (2), 192 – 198. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21258
Kadarwati, S., Fitri, R., Puji, E.R., Wahyuni, S., & Kasmadi, I. S. (2013). Kinetics and Mechanism of Ni/Zeolite-Catalyzed Hydrocracking of Palm Oil Into Bio-fuel. Indo. J. Chem ,13(1), 77-85. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21330
Lee, H-J., Park, Y.S., Kim, T. S, Lee, Y-J., & Yoon, K.B. (2002). Separation of Mixtures of Zeolites and Amorphous Materials and Mixtures of Zeolites with Different Pore Sizes into Pure Phases with the Aid of Cationic Surfactants. Chem. Mater, 14(8), 3260–3270. https://doi.org/10.1021/cm0202097
Mara, A., Wijaya, K., Trisunaryanti, W., & Mutdasir. (2016). Effect of Sufuric Acid Treatment and Calcinastion on Natural Zeolite of Indonesia. Asian. J. of Chem, 28(1),11-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2016.19107
Moore, J.W., & Pearson, R.G. (1981). Kinetics and Mechanism. New York, USA: John Wiley and Sons.
Norvia, S., Suhartana, & Pardoyo. (2016). Dealuminasi Aluminium Menggunakan Asam (HCl, H2SO4) untuk Katalis pada Proses Sintesis Biodiesel. J.Kim Sains dan Apl, 19(2),72-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.19.2.72-76
Ramadhani, D.G., Fatimah, N.F., Alfian, W. S, Heri Setyoko, H., & Nanik, D.N. (2017). Sintesis Ni/Zeolit alam Teraktivasi asam sebagai Katalis pada Biodiesel Minyak Biji Ketapang. Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia, 2(1),72-79. https://doi.org/10.20961/jkpk.v2i1.8530
Salamah, S., Trisunaryanti, W., Indriana, K., & Suryo, P. (2022). Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica from Beach Sand by Sol-Gel Method as a Ni Supported Catalyst for Hydrocracking of Waste Cooking Oil. Indo. J. Chem, 22(3), 726-741. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.70415
Salim, I., Trisunaryanti, W., Triyono., & Arryanto, Y. (2016). Hydrocracking of Coconut Oil into Gasoline Fraction using Ni/Modified Natural Zeolite Catalyst. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 9(04), 492-500.
Suyati, L. (2000). Kinetika reaksi Pirolisis Tir Batubara dengan Menggunakan Katalis Nikel/Zeolit. Tesis Pascasarjana UGM Yogyakarta.
Suyati, L., Setiaji,B., & Triyono. (2007). Perengkahan Produk Tir Batubara Dengan Katalis Ni/Zeolit. J.Kim. Sains & Apl, 10(1), 7-11. https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.10.1.7-11
Trisunaryanti, W., Shiba, R., Miura, M., Nomura, Nishiyama, M., & Matsukata, N. (1996). Characterisation and Modification of Indonesian Natural Zeolites and Their Properties for Hydrocracking of a Paraffin. J. Jpn. Pet. Inst, 39(1), 20–25. https://doi.org/10.1627/jpi1958.39.20
Trisunaryanti, W., Triwahyuni, E., dan Sudiono, S. (2005). Preparasi, Modifikasi dan Karakterisasi Katalis Ni-Mo/Zeolit Alam dan Mo-Ni/Zeolit Alam. Teknoin, 10 (4), 269-282. https://doi.org/10.20885/.v10i4.105
Vansant, E.F. (199). Pore Size Engineering in Zeolite. New York,USA: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Yanti, R.N., Erliza, H., Gustan P., & Ani, S. (2021). Analisis Karakteristik Fungsi Zeolit Alam Aktif Sebagai Katalis Setelah Diimpregnasi Dengan Logam Nikel. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan, 39(3), 138–147. https://doi.org/10.20886/jphh.2021.39.3.138-147
Author Biographies
Ilham Salim, Universitas Cenderawasih
Yohanes B.J. Rusmanta, Cenderawasih University
Jukwati Jukwati, Cenderawasih University
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Ilham Salim, Yohanes B.J. Rusmanta, Jukwati Jukwati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
