Transforming Academic Emotions and Critical Thinking Through Augmented Reality in PBL: A Rasch Stacking-Racking Analysis
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v12i6.15194Published:
2026-06-25Downloads
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Augmented Reality (AR)-integrated Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on students' academic emotions and critical thinking skills in the topic of Matter and Its Changes. The primary background for this intervention was the low level of student engagement and the difficulty of visualizing abstract science concepts at SMP Negeri 2 Gorontalo. The research employed a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design involving 124 seventh-grade students divided into experimental (n=62) and control (n=62) groups. Data were collected through academic emotion questionnaires (30 Likert-scale items) and two-tier critical thinking tests (16 items), which were then analyzed using the Rasch Model via stacking and racking techniques to ensure data linearity in logit units. The analysis results indicate that integrating AR into PBL significantly increased students' positive academic emotions, with 70.97% of experimental students showing significant improvement, and accelerated critical thinking ability by 1.28 logits compared to 0.44 logits in the control class (Mann-Whitney U, p < 0.001). These findings confirm that AR's immersive visualization functions as cognitive scaffolding that simultaneously strengthens students' affective engagement and analytical thinking, consistent with the Control-Value Theory framework. This study concludes that AR-PBL is an effective intervention for simultaneously transforming affective and cognitive dimensions in junior high school science learning. The findings underscore the importance of integrating immersive technology into the science curriculum to support deeper conceptual understanding of abstract material.
Keywords:
Augmented Reality Critical Thinking Learning emotions Problem-based learning Rasch modelReferences
Anantasia, G., & Rindrayani, S. R. (2025). Metodologi Penelitian Quasi Eksperimen. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Keguruan, 3(1), 47–56. Retrieved from https://adisampublisher.org/index.php/adiba/article/view/1042/1090
Asgaf, K., Hifizah, A., Astati, Ananda, S., Jamili, M. A., & Mukhlis. (2025). Application of Fermented Feed Technology to Improve Beef Cattle Business Efficiency and Student Agribusiness Learning. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(5), 604–610. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i5.11135 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i5.11135
Cahyaningsih, E. (2025). Validasi Psikometrik Instrumen Faktor Penentu Kualitas BerasPremium Berbasis Teori Respons Butir (Psychometric Validation of an Instrument for Determinant Factorsof Premium Rice Quality Based on Item Response Theory). Jurnal Pangan, 34(2), 111–128. https://doi.org/10.33964/jp.v34i2.894 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33964/jp.v34i2.894
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Science. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Hariono, E. A. D., & Yoenanto, N. H. (2024). Upaya Meningkatkan Student Engagement pada Pembelajaran Daring. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Indonesia (JPPI), 4(4), 1459–1474. https://doi.org/10.53299/jppi.v4i4.783 DOI: https://doi.org/10.53299/jppi.v4i4.783
Hutapea, L., Hafizha, N. A., Afilika, G. F., Suhandi, M. A., & Setiawan, E. B. (2025). Pengaruh Pendekatan Eksperimental Terhadap Perubahan Sikap Audiens Dalam Komunikasi Massa. Al-Qolamuna: Journal Komunikasi Dan Penyiaran Islam, 2(2), 122–130. https://doi.org/10.71242/9yhnd245
Idham, A. Z., & Rauf, W. (2025). Inovasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Multimedia. Pt Mafy Media Literasi Indonesia.
Kurniati, E., Fiqry, R., Nurgufriani, A., Diana, N., & Adiansha, A. A. (2025). Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Berbasis Aplikasi Wordwall terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa pada Materi Hidup Bersama Alam Kelas III SDN Risa. JagoMIPA: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Dan IPA, 5(2), 533–543. https://doi.org/10.53299/jagomipa.v5i2.1644 DOI: https://doi.org/10.53299/jagomipa.v5i2.1644
Laliyo, L. A. R. (2021). Mendiagnosis Sifat Perubahan Konseptual Siswa: Penerapan Teknik Analisis Stacking Dan Racking Rasch Model. Deepublish.
Mukhlis, M., Ismawati, I., Sillia, N., Fitrianti, S., Ukrita, I., Wisra, R. F., Raflis, H., Hendriani, R., Hanum, L., Ibrahim, H., Nofianti, S., Marta, A., & Sari, N. (2024). Characteristics of Production Factors and Production of Zero Tillage System Rice Farming. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(8), 6013–6019. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i8.8542 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i8.8542
Mukhlis, Noer, M., Nofialdi, & Mahdi. (2019). Analysis of income and feasibility of rice-cattle integration system farming based on enterprises scale. Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, 11(7), 544–553. Retrieved from https://www.jardcs.org/abstract.php?id=2678
Muslim, M. (2026). Urgensi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Dalam Perspektif Psikologi Pendidikan: Fondasi Perkembangan Kognitif Dan Emosional Anak. Kreatif: Jurnal Pemikiran Pendidikan Agama Islam, 24(1), 392–405. https://doi.org/10.52266/kreatif.v24i1.6539 DOI: https://doi.org/10.52266/kreatif.v24i1.6539
Pekrun, R. (2024). Control-Value Theory: From Achievement Emotion to a General Theory of Human Emotions. Educational Psychology Review, 36(3), 83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-024-09909-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-024-09909-7
Pekrun, R., & Goetz, T. (2023). How Universal Are Academic Emotions?: A Control-Value Theory Perspective. Dalam Motivation and Emotion in Learning and Teaching across Educational Contexts. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003303473-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003303473-7
Rahmanda, R. (2025). Efektivitas Pembelajaran Berbantuan Augmented Reality Terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Bima Journal of Elementary Education, 3(2), 73–84. https://doi.org/10.37630/bijee.v3i2.3045 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37630/bijee.v3i2.3045
Ramadhani, F., Satria, B., Imron, I., Junirianto, E., & Maria, E. (2024). Development of an Augmented Reality Application for Chemistry Molecule Learning in Inclusive Schools. Sebatik, 28(2), 438–443. https://doi.org/10.46984/sebatik.v28i2.2480 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46984/sebatik.v28i2.2480
Riffert, F., Hagenauer, G., Kriegseisen, J., & Strahl, A. (2021). On the Impact of Learning Cycle Teaching on Austrian High School Students’ Emotions, Academic Self-Concept, Engagement, and Achievement. Research in Science Education, 51(6), 1481–1499. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-020-09918-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-020-09918-w
Rihayati, I., Purnomo, Y. W., & Pamenan, M. S. (2023). Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Augmented Reality Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika. AKSIOMA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, 12(3), 2833–2846. https://doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v12i3.7027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v12i3.7027
Riskawati, R., Diana, N., Rahman, M., Tonang, A. P., & Barumbun, M. (2025). Analisis Rasch Terhadap Pemahaman Guru Sekolah Dasar terhadap Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif. Cokroaminoto Journal of Primary Education, 8(4), 1854–1970. https://doi.org/10.30605/cjpe.8.4.2025.7391 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30605/cjpe.8.4.2025.7391
Rujiani, R., Suharini, E., Widiyatmoko, A., & Isdaryanti, B. (2025). Efektivitas project-based learning berbantuan augmented reality untuk peningkatan nalar kritis dan komunikasi siswa. DWIJA CENDEKIA: Jurnal Riset Pedagogik, 9(3), 578–593. https://doi.org/10.20961/jdc.v9i3.112292 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/jdc.v9i3.112292
Saputra, H. (2024). Perkembangan Berpikir Matematis Pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar. JEMARI (Jurnal Edukasi Madrasah Ibtidaiyah), 6(2), 53–64. Retrieved from https://journal.unuha.ac.id/index.php/jemari/article/view/3311/916
Sari, D. A., Ilianti, R. F. P., Narfais, A. D. M., Yogasara, W., Adywibowo, I. P., & Tiningsih, E. (2026). Analisis Kebijakan Pendidikan Kontemporer: Pendekatan Kritis, Desentralisasi, dan Inovasi Kebijakan. CV. Penerbit Ilmu Literasi dan Riset (Pilar).
Shofiyah, N., & Wulandari, F. E. (2018). Model Problem Based Learning (Pbl) Dalam Melatih Scientific Reasoning Siswa. JPPIPA (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA), 3(1), 33–38. https://doi.org/10.26740/jppipa.v3n1.p33-38 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26740/jppipa.v3n1.p33-38
Siswanto, E., Rahayu, W., & Meiliasari, M. (2025). Optimalisasi Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika melalui Implementasi Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL): Systematic Literature Review. SJME (Supremum Journal of Mathematics Education), 9(1), 181–195. https://doi.org/10.35706/sjme.v9i1.185 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35706/sjme.v9i1.185
Sugiyono. (2018). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif dan R&G. Alfabeta.
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Khaerani, Lukman A.R Laliyo, Rustam I Husain
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
