Performance of Shallots (Allium Ascalonicum L) in Peat Soil with Organic Fertilizer and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF)

Authors

Riki Warman , Putri Tria Santari , Nofrita Sandi

DOI:

10.29303/jppipa.v8iSpecialIssue.2482

Published:

2022-12-10

Issue:

Vol. 8 No. SpecialIssue (2022): December

Keywords:

Red onion, Dose, Peat, Mycorrhiza, Organic fertilizer

Review

Downloads

How to Cite

Warman, R. ., Santari, P. T., & Sandi, N. . (2022). Performance of Shallots (Allium Ascalonicum L) in Peat Soil with Organic Fertilizer and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) . Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(SpecialIssue), 58–66. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8iSpecialIssue.2482
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Abstract

Peat soil has the potential and is widely available to be used for shallot cultivation with good and proper management, peat land is classified as marginal land for various types of plants because the soil condition is saturated with water, reacts acidic and contains toxic organic acids and low nutrient status so the condition of plant root media that is not conducive to root development so that it becomes a limiting factor in shallot cultivation. Efforts to increase peatland productivity for shallot cultivation can be carried out by adding organic fertilizers and using rhizosphere microorganisms such as Abuscular Mycorrhizal  Fungi (AMF), this study aims to get a dose of organic fertilizer and AMF which can increase shallot production on peat soil. The research method used a separate experimental design (Split Plot) Completely Randomized Design  which consisted of 2 factors, namely: AMF treatment (M) main plot consisting of 2 levels (without AMF application and AMF application), the second factor was the dose of organic fertilizer (O) child plot consisting of 6 levels (0 tons ha-1 , 3 tons ha-1, 6 tons ha-1, 9 tons ha-1, 12 tons ha-1 and 15 tons ha-1) there were 12 treatments each repeated 3 times, which was carried out in January-April 2021 in Pontianak City with the parameters of observing plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, harvested dry tuber weight, harvested dry plant weight and tuber diameter. and the number of leaves, while the AMF treatment independently had a significant effect on the observation of the number of tillers, the weight of harvested dry tubers, the weight of harvested dry plants and the treatment of organic fertilizer with a dose of 3 tons h-1 showed good results because they were not significantly different from the required mines 15, 12 and 6 tons ha-1 .

References

Abdullahi, R., Lihan, S., & Edward, R. (2015). Effect of Arbuscularmycorrhizal Fungi and Poultry Manure on Growth and Nutrients Uptake by Maize under Field Condition. International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research, 4(1), 2319–1473. https://doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v4i2.4274

Anwarudinsyah, M. J., Jumjunidang, Fitria, D., & Rizka. (2005). Pengaruh Inokulasi Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Jeruk Varietas Japanche Citroen. Jurnal Hortikultura, 15(3), 171–176. http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/jhort/article/view/966%09

Baptista, P., Tavares, R. M., & Lino-neto, T. (2011). Diversity and Biotechnology of Ectomycorrhizae. 25, 157–175. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15196-5

Buee, M., Rossignol, M., Jauneau, A., Ranjeva, R., & Bécard, G. (2000). The pre-symbiotic growth of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is induced by a branching factor partially purified from plant root exudates. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 13(6), 693–698. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI.2000.13.6.693

Damanik, S. A., & Suryanto, A. (2018). Efektivitas Penggunaan Mikoriza dan PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) terhadap Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L .) Pada Pipa PVC Sistem Vertikultur. Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 6(4), 635–641. http://protan.studentjournal.ub.ac.id/index.php/protan/article/view/689

Dani, U., Budiarti, A. N. S., & Wijaya, A. A. (2021). Application of Chicken manure Dosage and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacetria on the Growth and Yield of Shallot Plants (Allium ascalonicum L.). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 748(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/748/1/012044

Elinda, F., Renfyeni, R., Yora, M., Putra, M. A., & Rosadi, F. N. (2022). The Effect of Doses Quail Manure on The Growth and Yield of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.). International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 4(2), 2655–3023. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.25077/jijcs.4.2.41-43.2022

Farida, R., & Chozin, M. A. (2015). Pengaruh Pemberian Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula (CMA) dan Dosis Pupuk Kandang Ayam terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Jagung (Zea mays L.) Effect of Vesicle Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) and Chicken Manure Dose Toward Growth and Production of Maize (Zea mays. Bul. Agrohorti, 3(3), 323–329. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.29244/agrob.v3i3.15808

Fatkhurrahman, F., & Siswoyo, A. (2020). Penggunaan Pupuk Bio Mikoriza Pada Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonium L) Sebagai Salah Satu Penerapan Pertanian Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian, 1(3), 133–148. https://doi.org/10.47492/jip.v1i3.78

Hajoeningtijas, O. D., Mansur, I., Ekowati, N., & Tamad. (2022). The Indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Consortium in Shallot Cultivation with Lead-Polluted Media. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 21(1), 53–59. https://doi.org/10.46488/NEPT.2022.v21i01.006

Handajaningsih, M., Pujiwati, H., Nasution, D. P. P., & Marwanto. (2020). Improving Yield and Performance of Shallot on Ultisol Through Application of Dolomite and Chicken Manure. Proceedings of the International Seminar on Promoting Local Resources for Sustainable Agriculture and Development (ISPLRSAD 2020), 13(Isplrsad 2020), 310–313. https://doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210609.048

Idris, I., Basir, M., & Wahyudi, I. (2018). Pengaruh Berbagai Jenis Dan Dosis Pupuk Kandang Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah Varietas Lembah Palu. Jurnal Agrotech, 8(2), 40–49. https://doi.org/10.31970/agrotech.v8i2.19

Irmayani, S., & Winarni, I. (2022). Modifikasi Metode Preparasi Pewarnaan Akar untuk Deteksi dan Visualisasi Pembentukan Koloni Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA).pdf. Journal of Bioscience, 1(1), 09–17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33830/manilkara.v1i1.3166.2022

Kivlin, S. N., Hawkes, C. V., & Treseder, K. K. (2011). Global diversity and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43(11), 2294–2303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.07.012

Malik, M., Hidayat, K. F., Yusnaini, S., & Rini, M. V. (2017). Pengaruh Aplikasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Dan Pupuk Kandang Dengan Berbagai Dosis Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Kedelai (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) Pada Ultisol. Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 5(2), 63–67. https://doi.org/10.23960/jat.v5i2.1828

Morte, A., Lovisolo, C., & Schubert, A. (2000). Effect of drought stress on growth and water relations of the mycorrhizal association Helianthemum almeriense-Terfezia claveryi. Mycorrhiza, 10(3), 115–119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s005720000066

Muryati, S., Mansur, I., & Budi, S. W. (2020). Aplikasi Desmodium ovalifolium Yang Diinokulasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Pada Bibit Octomeles sumatrana Miq . Di Tanah Pasca Tambang. Jurnal Perbenihan Tanaman Hutan, 8(1), 47–64. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20886/bptpth.2020.8.1.47-64

Najiyati, S., Muslihat, L., Nyoman, I., & Suryadiputra, N. (2005). Pengelolaan Lahan Gambut Untuk Pertanian Berkelanjutan. Bogor, 241. https://www.wetlands.or.id/PDF/buku/Buku Panduan Pertanian di Lahan Gambut.pdf

Nasution, R. M. F., Mawarni, L., & Haryati, H. (2016). Pengaruh Populasi Dan Pemberian Pukan Ayam Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.). Jurnal Agroekoteknologi, 4(4), 2293–2299. https://jurnal.usu.ac.id/index.php/agroekoteknologi/article/view/13478

Octavia, A., Putri, T., Hadisutrisno, B., & Wibowo, D. A. (2016). Pengaruh Inokulasi Mikoriza Arbuskular Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Dan Intensitas Penyakit Bercak Daun Cengkeh. Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan, 10(2), 145–154. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20886/jpth.2016.10.2.145-154

Priyadi, R., Natawijaya, D., Parida, R., & Juhaeni, A. H. (2021). Pengaruh Pemberian Kombinasi Jenis Dan Dosis Pupuk Organik Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.). Media Pertanian, 6(2), 83–92. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37058/mp.v6i2.3824

Rahman, M. M., Saidy, A. R., & Nisa, C. (2019). Aplikasi Mikoriza Arbuskula Untuk Meningkatkan Serapan Fosfat, Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.). EnviroScienteae, 15(1), 59. https://doi.org/10.20527/es.v15i1.6323

Rini, M. V., Andriyyani, L., & Arif, M. A. S. (2020). Daya Infeksi Dan Efektivitas Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular Gigaspora Margarita Pada Tanaman Jagung Dengan Masa Simpan Yang Berbeda. Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 8(3), 453. https://doi.org/10.23960/jat.v8i3.4331

Ryan, M. H., & Graham, J. H. (2002). Is there a role for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in production agriculture? Plant and Soil, 244(1–2), 263–271. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020207631893

Saidy, A. R. (2018). Bahan organik tanah: klasifikasi, fungsi dan metode studi. Lambung Mangkurat University Press. http://eprints.ulm.ac.id/8805/1/01. Buku - AkhmadRSaidy %282018%29 - BAHAN ORGANIK TANAH_ Klasifikasi%2C Fungsi dan Metode Studi %28Turnitin%29.pdf

Salamandane, A., Muetanene, B. A., Ismael, F., & Vintuar, P. (2022). Application of Chicken Manure and Organic Compost to Produce Onion (Allium cepa L.) and Turnip (Brassica rapa L.) in Greenhouse. European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 4(5), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejfood.2022.4.5.557

Saleh, I., & Atmaja, W. (2017). Efektivitas Inokulasi Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula (CMA) terhadap Produksi Bawang Merah dengan Teknik Pengairan Berbeda. Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia, 8(2), 120. https://doi.org/10.29244/jhi.8.2.120-127

Saleh, S., Anshary, A., Made, U., Mahfudz, & Basir-Cyio, M. (2021). Application of mycorrhizae and beauveria in organic farming system effectively control leafminers and enhance shallot production. Agrivita, 43(1), 79–88. https://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v1i1.2831

Sumiati, E., & O.S Gunawan. (2007). Aplikasi Pupuk Hayati Mikoriza untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Serapan Unsur Hara NPK serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Hasil dan Kualitas Umbi Bawang Merah. Journal of Horticultura, 17(1), 34–42. http://repository.pertanian.go.id/handle/123456789/13426

Suryani, R., Gafur, S., & Abdurrahman, T. (2017). Respon Tanaman Bawang Merah Terhadap Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula (Cma) Pada Cekaman Kekeringan Di Tanah Gambut. Jurnal Pedon Tropika Edisi, 1(3), 69–78. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/pedontropika.v3i1.23434

Utama, B., Tadjudin, E, S., & Jaenudin, A. (2019). Pengaruh Pupuk Kandang Dan Inokulasi Mikoriza Vesikular Arbuskular Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L). Agroswagati Jurnal Agronomi, 7(2), 71–79. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.33603/agroswagati.v7i2.2796

Warman, R., Rianto, F., & Sasli, I. (2021). Uji patogenisitas fusarium oxysporum pada tanaman bawang merah di tanah gambut kalimantan barat. Jurnal Pengkajian Dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian, 24(3), 289–297. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jpptp. v24n3.2021.p289-297

Author Biographies

Riki Warman, Pusat Riset Hortikultura dan Perkebunan Badan Riset Inovasi Nasional, Bogor 16915

Tanah gambut berpotensi dan tersedia cukup luas untuk dimanfaatkan untuk budidaya bawang merah dengan pengelolaan yang baik dan tepat, lahan gambut tergolong lahan marjinal untuk berbagai jenis tanaman karena kondisi lahan yang jenuh air, bereaksi masam dan mengandung asam organik yang beracun serta status unsur hara rendah sehingga kondisi media perakaran tanaman yang kurang kondusif bagi perkembangan akar sehingga menjadi factor pembatas dlaam budidaya bawang merah,  Upaya meningkatkan produktivitas lahan gambut untuk budidaya bawang merah dapat dilakukan dengan penambahan pupuk organik serta pengunaan mikroorganisme rhizosfer seperti Fungi Mikoriza Abuskular (FMA), penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan dosis pupuk organik dan FMA yang dapat meningkatkan produksi bawang merah di tanah gambut. Metode penelitian mengunakan rancangan percobaan terpisah (Split Plot) RAL yang terdiri dari 2 faktor yaitu: perlakuan FMA (M) petak utama terdiri 2 taraf (tanpa aplikasi FMA dan aplikasi FMA), faktor kedua dosis pupuk organik (O) anak petak terdiri 6 taraf (0 ton ha-1 , 3 ton ha-1, 6 ton ha-1, 9 ton ha-1, 12 ton ha-1 dan 15 ton ha-1) terdapat 12 perlakuan setiap di ulang 3 kali, yang dilaksanakan pada Januari-April 2021 di Kota Pontianak dengan parameter pengamatan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah anakan, bobot umbi kering panen, bobot tanaman kering panen dan diameter umbi,  Hasil penelitian perlakuan pupuk organik, FMA dan interaksi keduanya berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap semua periode pengamatan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun, sedangkan perlakuan FMA secara Mandiri berpengaruh nyata terhadap pengamatan jumlah anakan, bobot umbi kering panen, bobot tanaman kering panen dan perlakuan pupuk organik dosis 3 ton h -1 menunjukan hasil yang baik kerena berbeda tidak nyata dengan perlakuan 15, 12 dan 6 ton ha -1

Putri Tria Santari, Pusat Riset Tanaman Pangan Badan Riset Inovasi Nasional, Bogor 16911

Nofrita Sandi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas, Padang 25163

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Riki Warman, Putri Tria Santari, Nofrita Sandi

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).