The Use of Various Filtaritaion Media in Lowering the Level of Water Hardness
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v9i3.3086Published:
2023-03-31Issue:
Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023): MarchKeywords:
Effectiveness, Filtration media, Hardness Water LevelResearch Articles
Downloads
How to Cite
Downloads
Metrics
Abstract
Hard water is common in areas with thick topsoil and limestone formations. Because the topography of Kupang City is in the form of limestone, in the rainy season rainwater passes through the limestone soil layer so that the raw water becomes hard or very hard. Identification and analysis of field parameters and levels of raw water hardness before and after treatment to calculate the effectiveness of decreasing hardness of various types of filter media. This research is an experimental study. The object of inspection is raw water from Oenesu springs that have undergone filter media treatment. The filter media consists of activated carbon, silica sand, quartz sand, and zeolite with a residence time of 60 minutes. The results of laboratory tests are displayed in the form of tables and graphs and analyzed. The field parameters tested are smell, taste, color, temperature, turbidity, TDS and pH to meet water quality standards. The level of hardness before and after treatment obtained raw water hardness of 365.33 mg/L, activated carbon media 362.85 mg/L, silica sand media 236.53 mg/L, quartz sand media 239.01 mg/L and zeolite media 296.59 mg/L. The field parameters tested meet water quality standards according to Permenkes 32 of 2017. The level of water hardness treated by the filtration process with quartz sand media is more effective in reducing the level of raw water hardness, with a decrease efficiency of 35.26%.
References
Arnawa, I. G. P., Waangsir, F. W., Maran, A. A., & Susilawati, N. M. (2022). Studi Aktivitas Pencemaran, Kuantitas, Kualitas Perairan (Indeks Biotik), Kualitas Air Limbah, Air Kali Dendeng Sebagai Air Baku Pada Daerah Hilir, Tengah dan Hulu di Kota Kupang Tahun 2021. Syntax Literate; Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia, 7(5), 5821–5836. https://doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v7i5.7085
Astuti, D. W., Fatimah, S., & Anie, S. (2016). Analisis kadar kesadahan total pada air sumur di Padukuhan Bandung Playen Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta. Analit: Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, 1(1). Retrieved from http://jurnal.fmipa.unila.ac.id/analit/article/view/1239/982.
Beyene, H. D., & Ambaye, T. G. (2019). Application of sustainable nanocomposites for water purification process. Sustainable polymer composites and nanocomposites, 387–412. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05399-4_14
Bobihu, R. (2012). Uji Kadar Kesadahan Sumber Air Minum pada Kejadian Penyakit Batu Saluran Kemih di Desa Barakati Kecamatan Batudaa Kabupaten Gorontalo Tahun 2012. Public Health Journal, 1(1), 37245. Retrieved from https://repository.ung.ac.id/skripsi/show/811408090/uji-kadar-kesadahan-ca-dan-mg-sumber-air-minum-pada-kejadian-penyakit-batu-saluran-kemih-di-desa-barakati-kecamatan-batudaa-kabupaten-gorontalo-tahun-2012.html
Effendi, H. (2003). Telaah Kualitas Air Bagi Pengelolaan Sumber Daya dan Lingkungan Perairan. Kanisius.
Enfrin, M., Dumée, L. F., & Lee, J. (2019). Nano/microplastics in water and wastewater treatment processes–origin, impact and potential solutions. Water Research, 161, 621–638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.06.049
Hapsari, D. (2015). Kajian Kualitas Air Sumur Gali dan Perilaku Masyarakat di Sekitar Pabrik Semen Kelurahan Karangtalun Kecamatan Cilacap Utara Kabupaten Cilacap. Jurnal Sains & Teknologi Lingkungan, 7(1), 18–28. https://doi.org/10.20885/jstl.vol7.iss1.art2.
Hartono, D. M. (2010). Evaluasi Unit Pengolahan Air Minum Instalasi Pdam Rawa Lumbu 4, Bekasi. Jurnal Purifikasi, 11(2), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.12962/j25983806.v11.i2.191
Husaini, A., Yenni, M., & Wuni, C. (2020). efektivitas metode filtrasi dan adsorpsi dalam menurunkan kesadahan air sumur di kecamatan kota baru kota jambi. Jurnal Formil (Forum Ilmiah) Kesmas Respati, 5(2), 91–102. https://doi.org/10.35842/formil.v5i2.323.
Kusumawardani, Y. K. Y., & Astuti, W. (2018). Evaluasi pengelolaan sistem penyediaan air bersih di PDAM Kota Madiun. Neo Teknika, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.37760/neoteknika.v4i1.1061.
Latupeirissa, A. N., & Manuhutu, J. B. (2020). Analisis parameter fisika dan kesadahan air pdam wainitu ambon. Molluca Journal of Chemistry Education (Mjoce), 10(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.30598/mjocevol10iss1pp1-7.
Mofijur, M., Ahmed, S. F., Rahman, S. A., Siddiki, S. Y. A., Islam, A. S., Shahabuddin, M., & Show, P. L. (2021). Source, distribution and emerging threat of micro-and nanoplastics to marine organism and human health: Socio-economic impact and management strategies. Environmental Research, 195, 110857. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.110857
Ningrum, S. V. (2020). Penggunaan Media Filter Pasir Silika Dan Karbon Aktif Untuk Menurunkan Kekeruhan, TDS, Kesadahan Dan Besi Pada Reaktor Filter. Universitas Pelita Bangsa.
Nurhayati, I. (2010). Inasi Media Filtrasi Untuk Penurunan Kesadahan Dan Besi. WAKTU: Jurnal Teknik UNIPA, 8(1), 91–99. Retrieved from https://jurnal.unipasby.ac.id/index.php/waktu/article/download/882/726
Saravanan, A., Kumar, P. S., Jeevanantham, S., Karishma, S., Tajsabreen, B., Yaashikaa, P. R., & Reshma, B. (2021). Effective water/wastewater treatment methodologies for toxic pollutants removal: Processes and applications towards sustainable development. Chemosphere, 280, 130595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130595
Shakerkhatibi, M., Mosaferi, M., Pourakbar, M., Ahmadnejad, M., Safavi, N., & Banitorab, F. (2019). Comprehensive investigation of groundwater quality in the north-west of Iran: Physicochemical and heavy metal analysis. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 8, 156–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2018.10.006
Surbakti, S. (2019). Analisa Beban Pencemaran Kualitas Air Dan Udara Pada Pemeliharaan Jalan Ruas Jalan Karanganom–Senduro Kecamatan Senduro Kabupaten Lumajang. Sondir, 2. Retrieved from http://eprints.itn.ac.id/5234/
Sutrisno, T., & I. (2006). Teknologi Penyediaan Air Bersih. Rineka Cipta.
Syafrudin, M., Kristanti, R. A., Yuniarto, A., Hadibarata, T., Rhee, J., Al-Onazi, W. A., & Al-Mohaimeed, A. M. (2021). Pesticides in drinking water—a review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 468. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020468
Theodolfi, R., & Waangsir, F. W. (2014). Analisis Kebutuhan Air Bersih Kota Kupang Menurut Ketersediaan Sumber Air Bersih dan Zona Pelayanan. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 10(2), 90–95. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v10i2.490
Utari, P., Masrullita, M., Ishak, I., Suryati, S., & Sulhatun, S. (2022). Efektifitas Pengolahan Air Sumur Menggunakan Media Zeolit, Pasir Silika dan Karbon Aktif Pada Alat Roughing Filter Aliran Horizontal. Chemical Engineering Journal Storage (CEJS), 2(3), 127–142. https://doi.org/10.29103/cejs.v2i3.6023
Jansen van Rensburg, S., Franken, A., & Du Plessis, J. L. (2019). Measurement of transepidermal water loss, stratum corneum hydration and skin surface pH in occupational settings: A review. Skin Research and Technology, 25(5), 595–605. https://doi.org/10.1111/srt.12711
Verbyla, M. E., Pitol, A. K., Navab-Daneshmand, T., Marks, S. J., & Julian, T. R. (2019). Safely managed hygiene: a risk-based assessment of handwashing water quality. Environmental Science & Technology, 53(5), 2852–2861. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b06156
Waangsir, F. W. F., Maran, A. A., & Banoet, D. M. (2018). Survey On Provision Of Clean Water And Household Water in Kampung Amanuban Oebufu Village Oebobo Sub District in 2017. Proceeding 1st. International Conference Health Polytechnic of Kupang, 361–372. Retrieved from https://proceeding.poltekeskupang.ac.id/index.php/ichpk/article/view/90
Wang, W., Li, Z., Xu, J., Wang, Y., Fan, X., & Li, S. (2022). Evolution Mechanism of Water-Conducting Fissures in Overlying Rock Strata with Karst Caves under the Influence of Coal Mining. Geofluids, 2022, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4064759
Author Biographies
Ferry WF Waangsir, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang.
Gede Putu Arnawa, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang.
Johannis JP Sadukh, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang.
Debora G. Suluh, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang.
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Ferry WF Waangsir, Gede Putu Arnawa, Johannis JP Sadukh, Debora G. Suluh
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
