Rasch Model: Analysis of Biology Question Item in the Indonesia Independent Curriculum

Authors

Kalika Azra Zainina , Mia Zubaidah Mufiqoh , Nani Aprilia , Bekti Isnaeni

DOI:

10.29303/jppipa.v10i12.7661

Published:

2025-01-01

Issue:

Vol. 10 No. 12 (2024): December

Keywords:

Independent Curriculum, Question Items, Rasch model, Summative assessment

Research Articles

Downloads

How to Cite

Zainina, K. A., Mufiqoh, M. Z., Aprilia, N., & Isnaeni, B. (2025). Rasch Model: Analysis of Biology Question Item in the Indonesia Independent Curriculum. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(12), 10990–10998. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i12.7661

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Abstract

The change from the 2013 curriculum to the independent curriculum has an impact on assessment, one of which is summative assessment. Summative assessment uses multiple choice questions, but the quality of the questions has not been analysed. This descriptive quantitative research aims to determine the quality of summative assessment questions in Biology class X odd semester which includes validity, reliability, difficulty level, and differentiating power. Research subjects were all grade X students. Object of research includes question grids, answer keys, questions, and student answer sheets. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, and Kurmer Yogyakarta Pilot Project High School was selected. Data were collected through documentation. The instruments in this study were question grids, answer keys, questions, and student answer sheets. The data analysis technique used was quantitative descriptive analysis using Winsteps software version 3.73. The results of quantitative analysis of summative assessment questions in four schools showed valid results. The questions proved to be reliable, with difficulty levels in the easy and difficult categories. The questions had good and sufficient differentiating power. Distractor effectiveness was rated as poor, very good, good, and fair. Qualitative analysis of the 4 schools showed good results, but some improvements were still needed.

References

Afrian, R., Islami, Z. R., & Mustika, F. (2017). Pembinaan Pembuatan Tes Buatan Guru (Soal) Mata Pelajaran Geografi SMA/MA Kota Langsa. Jurnal Vokasi, 1(2), 108–116. https://doi.org/10.30811/vokasi.v1i2.687

Alhayat, A., & Riche, C. J. (2024). Designing Learning Assessment with STEAM-Based Projects in Implementing of the Kurikulum Merdeka. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA), 10(11), 9141–9157. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i11.7266

Arbiatin, E., & Mulabbiyah, M. (2020). Analisis Kelayakan Butir Soal Tes Penilaian Akhir Semester Mata Pelajaran Matematika Kelas VI SDN 19 Ampenan Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. El Midad: Jurnal Jurusan PGMI, 12(2), 146–171. https://doi.org/10.20414/elmidad.v12i2.2627

Ariefiani, N. W., & Laksono, E. W. (2024). Development of An Integrated Assessment Instrument to Measure Students ’ Critical Thinking and Chemical Literacy Skills for Rate of Reaction Topic. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA), 10(1), 7726–7734. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i10.9069

Asrul, A., Ananda, R., & Rosnita, R. (2015). Evaluasi Pembelajaran. Citapustaka Media.

Azizah, A., & Wahyuningsih, S. (2020). Penggunaan model rasch untuk analisis instrumen tes pada mata kuliah matematika aktuaria. JUPITEK: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 3(1), 45–50. https://doi.org/10.30598/jupitekvol3iss1pp45-50

Buléon, C., Mattatia, L., Minehart, R. D., Rudolph, J. W., Lois, F. J., Guillouet, E., Philippon, A. L., Brissaud, O., Lefevre-Scelles, A., Benhamou, D., Lecomte, F., Bellot, A., Crublé, I., Philippot, G., Vanderlinden, T., Batrancourt, S., Boithias-Guerot, C., Bréaud, J., de Vries, P., … Chabot, J. M. (2022). Simulation-based summative assessment in healthcare: an overview of key principles for practice. Advances in Simulation, 7(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41077-022-00238-9

Chan, S. W., Looi, C. K., Ho, W. K., Huang, W., Seow, P., & Wu, L. (2021). Learning number patterns through computational thinking activities: A Rasch model analysis. Heliyon, 7(9), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07922

Chan, S. W., Looi, C. K., & Sumintono, B. (2020). Assessing computational thinking abilities among Singapore secondary students: a Rasch model measurement analysis. Journal of Computers in Education, 8(2), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-020-00177-2

Che Lah, N. H., Tasir, Z., & Jumaat, N. F. (2021). Applying alternative method to evaluate online problem-solving skill inventory (OPSI) using Rasch model analysis. Educational Studies, 49(4), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2021.1874310

Darmana, A., Sutiani, A., Nasution, H. A., Ismanisa, I., & Nurhaswinda, N. (2021). Analysis of Rasch Model for the Validation of Chemistry National Exam Instruments. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia, 9(3), 329–345. https://doi.org/10.24815/jpsi.v9i3.19618

Ervia, E., Harahap, R. D., & Chastanti, I. (2024). Analisis perkembangan kurikulum Biologi dari kurikulum 1984 sampai dengan kurikulum merdeka. Didaktika: Jurnal Kependidikan, 13(1), 927–936. https://doi.org/10.58230/27454312.491

Fadilah, R., Parinduri, S. A., Syaimi, K. U., & Suharyanto, A. (2020). Islamic Guidance and Counseling to Overcome the Study Difficulty of Junior High School Students in SMP IT Nurul Azizi Medan (Case Study of Students experiencing Anxiety). International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(Special Issue 1), 1154–1160. https://doi.org/10.37200/IJPR/V24SP1/PR201262

Fatimah, F., & Muamar, M. R. (2024). Analysis of Students’ Needs and Characteristics toward Science to Support Differentiated Learning of Kurikulum Merdeka. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(5), 2595–2602. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i5.6731

Fitria, D., Lufri, L., Asrizal, A., & Annisa, N. (2024). Digital Teaching Material of Integrated Science with Blended- PBL Model for Independent Curriculum. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA), 10(11), 8328–8338. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i11.9058

Fitriani, E., & Azhar, A. (2019). Layanan Informasi Berbasis Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dalam Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri Siswa. Analitika: Jurnal Magister Psikologi UMA, 11(2), 82–87. https://doi.org/10.31289/analitika.v11i2.2552

Hamdi, S., Triatna, C., & Nurdin, N. (2022). Kurikulum Merdeka dalam Perspektif Pedagogik. SAP (Susunan Artikel Pendidikan), 7(1), 10–17. https://doi.org/10.30998/sap.v7i1.13015

Handayani, S. (2022). Analisis uas biologi kelas x dengan teori tes klasik dan item response theory (rasch model). Bio-Pedagogi, 11(2), 76–90. https://doi.org/10.20961/bio-pedagogi.v11i2.63177

Islamiati, E. F., Subagia, I. W., & Suma, K. (2024). Development of Teaching Modules in the Implementation of the Independent Curriculum to Improve the Quality of the Learning Process and Student Learning Outcomes. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA), 10(11), 9097–9105. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i11.7521

Ismail, S. M., Rahul, D. R., Patra, I., & Rezvani, E. (2022). Formative vs. summative assessment: impacts on academic motivation, attitude toward learning, test anxiety, and self-regulation skill. Language Testing in Asia, 12(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40468-022-00191-4

Isnaeni, B., Aprilia, N., & Saifuddin, M. F. (2022). Rasch model: Quality of final semester assessment items for class x on biology subject. Biosfer, 15(2), 355–367. https://doi.org/10.21009/biosferjpb.23326

Khasana, I., Viyanti, V., & Rosidin, U. (2024). Teachers ’ Perception of Four-Tier Diagnostic Test Instrument Equipped with Self-Diagnosis Sheet to Identify Students ’ Misconception on Linear Motion Material. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA), 10(9), 6910–6919. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i9.7720

Kusyanti, R. N. T. (2022). Analisis Standarisasi Laboratorium Fisika dalam Mendukung Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di SMA Negeri 1 Tempel. Ideguru: Jurnal Karya Ilmiah Guru, 8(1), 40–47. https://doi.org/10.51169/ideguru.v8i1.404

Mahfud, H., Marmoah, S., Poerwanti, J. I. S., Sukarno, S., Supianto, S., & Istiyati, S. (2024). Implementation of Fostering an Attitude of Tolerance in Merdeka Curriculum on the Science Learning Process. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA), 10(11), 8454–8460. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i11.9316

Malikah, S., Winarti, W., Ayuningsih, F., Nugroho, M. R., Sumardi, S., & Murtiyasa, B. (2022). Manajemen Pembelajaran Matematika pada Kurikulum Merdeka. Edukatif : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 4(4), 5912–5918. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v4i4.3549

Mardyah, U., Arif, K., Putri, A. N., Silvia, D., & Sari, Y. P. (2024). Misconception analisis of Junior High Scool Student in Lareh Sago Halaban Distrit on vibration, wave and sound materials using the four tier test instrument. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA), 10(10), 8197–8208. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i10.7629

Marjuni, M., & Festiyed, F. (2024). Development of Diagnostic, Formative and Summative Assessment Instruments in the PjBL Model to Strengthen the Profile of Pancasila Physics Students. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA), 10(10), 7520–7526. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i10.8758

Mawati, A. T., Hanafiah, H., & Arifudin, O. (2023). Dampak Pergantian Kurikulum Pendidikan Terhadap Peserta Didik Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Primary Edu (JPE), 1(3), 69–82. https://doi.org/10.61116/jkip.v1i3.172

Muluki, A., Buntu, P., & Sukmawati, I. (2020). Analisis Kualitas Butir Tes Semester Ganjil Mata Pelajaran IPA Kelas IV Mi Radhiatul Adawiyah. Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar, 4(1), 86–96. https://doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v4i1.23335

Muslihin, H. Y., Suryana, D., Ahman, A., Suherman, U., & Dahlan, T. H. (2022). Analysis of the Reliability and Validity of the Self-Determination Questionnaire Using Rasch Model. International Journal of Instruction, 15(2), 207–222. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2022.15212a

Nurhidayati, Firman, Erita, Y., & Daharnis. (2024). Development of Independent Curriculum IPAS Teaching Materials Using a Project-Based Learning Approach Assisted with the Kvisoft Flipbook Maker Application to Increase the Learning Motivation of Class IV Primary School Students. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(SpecialIssue), 279–285. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10iSpecialIssue.7862

Poerwanti, J. I. S., Marmoah, S., Supianto, S., Sukarno, S., Mahfud, H., & Istiyati, S. (2024). Formative Assessment on Science Learning to Improve the Quality of Learning in Curriculum Merdeka. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA), 10(10), 7343–7353. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i10.9029

Pohan, L. A., Ledya, K., Setiawan, V. R., Darmana, A., & Suyanti, R. D. (2022). Penggunaan model rasch untuk mendeteksi kualitas soal kimia SMA pada ujian akhir semester (UAS). EKSAKTA: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pembelajaran MIPA, 7(2), 280–289. https://doi.org/10.31604/eksakta.v7i2.280-289

Purwana, U., Rusdiana, D., & Liliawati, W. (2020). Pengujian Kemampuan Menginterpretasikan Grafik Kinematika Calon Guru Fisika: the Polytomous Rasch Analysis. ORBITA: Jurnal Kajian, Inovasi Dan Aplikasi Pendidikan Fisika, 6(2), 259–266. https://doi.org/10.31764/orbita.v6i2.3264

Putri, R. A., & Rosliyah, Y. (2020). Analisis Distraktor Butir Soal Bunpou Shokyuu Kouhan Semester 2 Tahun 2018/2019 Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang UNNES. Kiryoku, 4(1), 18–25. https://doi.org/10.14710/kiryoku.v4i1.18-25

Rahmadayanti, D., & Hartoyo, A. (2022). Potret kurikulum merdeka, wujud merdeka belajar di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(4), 7174–7187. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i4.3431

Ramadhan, Y. R., & Priatmoko, S. (2023). Pengembangan Tes Literasi Membaca dan Numerasi Materi Larutan Buffer Berbasis Kompetensi Minimum Untuk Identifikasi Kemampuan Metakognisi. UNESA Journal of Chemical Education, 12(1), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.26740/ujced.v12n1.p51-58

Rencz, F., Mitev, A. Z., Szabó, Á., Beretzky, Z., Poór, A. K., Holló, P., Wikonkál, N., Sárdy, M., Kárpáti, S., Szegedi, A., Remenyik, É., & Brodszky, V. (2021). A Rasch model analysis of two interpretations of ‘not relevant’ responses on the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Quality of Life Research, 30(8), 2375–2386. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-021-02803-7

Rosana, D., Widodo, E., Setianingsih, W., & Setyawarno, D. (2020). Pelatihan Implementasi Assessment Of Learning, Assessment For Learning Dan Assessment As Learning Pada Pembelajaran IPA SMP di MGMP Kabupaten Magelang. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat MIPA Dan Pendidikan MIPA, 4(1), 71–78. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpmmp.v4i1.34080

Saraswati, D. A., Sandrian, D. N., Nazulfah, I., Abida, N. T., Azmina, N., Indriyani, R., Suryaningsih, S., Usman, U., & Lestari, I. D. (2022). Analisis Kegiatan P5 di SMA Negeri 4 Kota Tangerang sebagai Penerapan Pembelajaran Terdiferensiasi pada Kurikulum Merdeka. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 12(2), 185–191. https://doi.org/10.37630/jpm.v12i2.578

Setyani, A. I., Putri, D. K., Pramesti, R. A., Suryani, S., & Ningrum, W. F. (2023). Pembelajaran Biologi dalam kurikulum merdeka di Sekolah Urban. DIAJAR: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 2(2), 145–151. https://doi.org/10.54259/diajar.v2i2.1364

Silvia, P. J., Rodriguez, R. M., Beaty, R. E., Frith, E., Kaufman, J. C., Loprinzi, P., & Reiter-Palmon, R. (2021). Measuring everyday creativity: A Rasch model analysis of the Biographical Inventory of Creative Behaviors (BICB) scale. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 39, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100797

Sriyanto, A. (2019). Assesment Tes pada Hasil Belajar. Al-Lubab: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Dan Keagamaan Islam, 5(1), 117–142. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.19120/al-lubab.v5i1.3732

Subehi, R., & Sriyanto, S. (2021). Implementasi Assessment Of, For, dan As Learning dalam Pembelajaran Daring PAI di SMPN 8 Purwokerto. Alhamra Jurnal Studi Islam, 2(2), 111–122. https://doi.org/10.30595/ajsi.v2i2.10632

Sugarda, Y. B. (2020). Panduan praktis pelaksanaan focus group disscussion sebagai metode riset kualitatif. PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

Sukarno, S., Marmoah, S., Poerwanti, J. I. S., Istiyati, S., & Mahfud, H. (2024). Implementation of Independent Curriculum for Elementary Schools in Indonesian Schools Abroad. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA), 10(10), 7228–7235. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i10.8398

Sumiati, A., Widiastuti, U., & Suhud, U. (2018). Workshop Teknik Menganalisis Butir Soal dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru di SMK Cileungsi Bogor. Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Madani (JPMM), 2(1), 136–153. https://doi.org/10.21009/jpmm.002.1.10

Suryana, D., Putri, M. A., Supriatna, M., & Yudha, E. S. (2022). Analisis rasch model: validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen korban bullying. Hisbah: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Dan Dakwah Islam, 19(2), 199–214. https://doi.org/10.14421/hisbah.2022.192-12

Suryandari, K. C., Wijayanti, M. D., & Wahyudi, W. (2024). Using The Rasch Model to Measure Prospective Elementary Teachers’ Perception toward Sciencepreneurship, Creative Thinking, Career Adaptability, and Personal Goals. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA), 9(7), 3975–3982. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i7.7381

Suryani, Y. E. (2017). Pemetaan kualitas empirik soal ujian akhir semester pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia SMA di Kabupaten Klaten. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Evaluasi Pendidikan, 21(2), 142–152. https://doi.org/10.21831/pep.v21i2.10725

Svensäter, G., & Rohlin, M. (2023). Assessment model blending formative and summative assessments using the SOLO taxonomy. European Journal of Dental Education, 27(1), 149–157. https://doi.org/10.1111/eje.12787

Swarni, A., Herwin, H., & Sujati, S. (2024). Testing the construct validity and reliability of curiosity scale using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA), 10(9), 6322–6330. https://doi.org/10.36941/JESR-2020-0080

Tarigan, E. F., Nilmarito, S., Islamiyah, K., Darmana, A., & Suyanti, R. D. (2022). Analisis Instrumen Tes Menggunakan Rasch Model dan Software SPSS 22.0. JIPK: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Kimia, 16(2), 92–96. https://doi.org/10.15294/jipk.v16i2.30530

Vaganian, L., Boecker, M., Bussmann, S., Kusch, M., Labouvie, H., Margraf, J., Gerlach, A. L., & Cwik, J. C. (2022). Psychometric evaluation of the Positive Mental Health (PMH) scale using item response theory. BMC Psychiatry, 22(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04162-0

Vittorini, P., Menini, S., & Tonelli, S. (2021). An AI-Based System for Formative and Summative Assessment in Data Science Courses. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 31(2), 159–185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-020-00230-2

Warju, W., Ariyanto, S. R., Soeryanto, S., & Trisna, R. A. (2020). Analisis Kualitas Butir Soal Tipe Hots Pada Kompetensi Sistem Rem Di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Dan Kejuruan, 17(1), 95–104. https://doi.org/10.23887/jptk-undiksha.v17i1.22914

Wulandari, T., Ramli, M., & Muzzazinah, M. (2022). Analisis Butir Soal Dynamic Assessment untuk Mengukur Pemahaman Konsep Klasifikasi Tumbuhan pada Mahasiswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia, 10(1), 191–201. https://doi.org/10.24815/jpsi.v10i1.22082

Author Biographies

Kalika Azra Zainina, Ahmad Dahlan University

Mia Zubaidah Mufiqoh, Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta

Nani Aprilia, Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta

Bekti Isnaeni, Yogyakarta State University

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Kalika Azra Zainina, Mia Zubaidah Mufiqoh, Nani Aprilia, Bekti Isnaeni

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).