Optimization of the Separation and Validation Method for Ginsenoside Re and Ginsenoside Rg1 Compounds in Panax Ginseng Powder Extract Using the HPLC Method: A Systematic Literature Review

Authors

Marzella Dea Rossardy , Azminah

DOI:

10.29303/jppipa.v10i6.7665

Published:

2024-06-20

Issue:

Vol. 10 No. 6 (2024): June

Keywords:

Gingseng, Ginsenoside Re, Ginsenoside Rg1, method validation, HPLC

Review

Downloads

How to Cite

Rossardy, M. D., & Azminah. (2024). Optimization of the Separation and Validation Method for Ginsenoside Re and Ginsenoside Rg1 Compounds in Panax Ginseng Powder Extract Using the HPLC Method: A Systematic Literature Review. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(6), 304–312. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i6.7665

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Abstract

The analytical methods used to analyze ginsenoside compounds include TLC, HPTLC, HPLC, UPLC, GC and MS. The HPLC method is the most widely used analytical technique with various combinations of UV detection or with ELSD. The HPLC method is a method of separating and purifying chemical compounds or medicinal compounds. To study new information from optimization for the separation of ginsenoside Re and ginsenoside Rg1 compounds, then validate the analytical method to show that the method provides accurate results in accordance with the requirements. The data and information used in this review article come from national and international journals. The data and information search method was carried out using the literature research method. keywords: "Optimization of Separation and Method Validation of Ginsenoside Compounds using the HPLC method" with a journal publication period 2019-2023. Of the 35 research articles found, only 9 journals met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies on ginsenoside compounds Re and Rg1 in ginseng plants are still not well separated. So it’s still necessary to optimize the analytical method using the HPLC method and then validate the analytical method to show that the method provides accurate results in accordance with the requirements.

References

Abashev, M., Stekolshchikova, E., & Stavrianidi, A. (2021). Quantitative aspects of the hydrolysis of ginseng saponins: Application in HPLC-MS analysis of herbal products. Journal of Ginseng Research, 45(2), 246–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2020.07.001.

Baeg, I. H., & So, S. H. (2013). The world ginseng market and the ginseng (Korea). In Journal of Ginseng Research (Vol. 37, Issue 1, pp. 1–7). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.5142/jgr.2013.37.1.

Baek, S. H., Bae, O. N., & Park, J. H. (2012). Recent methodology in Ginseng analysis. In Journal of Ginseng Research (Vol. 36, Issue 2, pp. 119–134). https://doi.org/10.5142/jgr.2012.36.2.119.

Choi, G. S., Shin, J. S., Kim, W., & Baik, M. Y. (2022). Increases in Ginsenoside Rg3, Compound K, and Antioxidant Activity of Cultivated Wild Panax Ginseng (CWPG) by Puffing. Foods, 11(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11192936.

Emea. (2001). Note for Guidance on process validation. October, March.

Fuzzati, N. (2004). Analysis methods of ginsenosides. In Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences (Vol. 812, Issues 1-2 SPEC. ISS., pp. 119–133). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.07.039.

Gandjar, I. G., & Rohman, A. (2007). Kimia Farmasi Analisis. Pustaka Pelajar. http://library.fmipa.uny.ac.id/opac/index.php?p=show_detail&id=4406&keywords

Hsu, B. Y., Jen, C. te, Inbaraj, B. S., & Chen, B. H. (2022). A Comparative Study on Analysis of Ginsenosides in American Ginseng Root Residue by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS and UPLC-HRMS-MS/MS. Molecules, 27(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27103071.

Kemenkes RI (2020) Farmakope Indonesia edisi VI, Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.

Kim, Y. J., Jang, M. G., Zhu, L., Silva, J., Zhu, X., Sukweenadhi, J., Kwon, W. S., Yang, D. C., & Zhang, D. (2016). Cytological characterization of anther development in Panax ginseng Meyer. Protoplasma, 253(4), 1111–1124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-015-0869-3.

Kumar Verma, N. (2017). An Overview on Panax ginseng. www.ijpacr.com.

Lee, T. K., Lee, J. Y., Cho, Y. J., Kim, J. E., Kim, S. Y., Yoon Park, J. H., Yang, H., & Lee, K. W. (2022). Optimization of the extraction process of high levels of chlorogenic acid and ginsenosides from short-term hydroponic-cultured ginseng and evaluation of the extract for the prevention of atopic dermatitis. Journal of Ginseng Research, 46(3), 367–375.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2021.10.006.

Makky, E. A. (2018). Korean Red Ginseng: Benefits Versus Precautions. INNOSC Theranostics and Pharmacological Sciences, 1(1), 10–13. https://doi.org/10.26689/itps.

Merck. (2021). A Practical Guide to High Performance Liquid Chromatography.

NATA. (2012). Guidelines for the validation and verification of quantitative and qualitative test methods. National Association of Testing Authorities, December 2006, 1–32. http://www.demarcheiso17025.com/document/Guidelines for the validation and verification of quantitative and qualitative test methods.pdf.

Permata, Y. M., Bachri, M., Reveny, J., & Sibuea, F. M. (2019). Formulation and Quantitative Analysis of Betamethasone Valerate and Neomycin Sulfate Cream by High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Spectrophotometry. Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences, 7(22), 3841–3846. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.516

Ratan, Z. A., Haidere, M. F., Hong, Y. H., Park, S. H., Lee, J. O., Lee, J., & Cho, J. Y. (2021). Pharmacological potential of ginseng and its major component ginsenosides. In Journal of Ginseng Research (Vol. 45, Issue 2, pp. 199–210). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2020.02.004.

Shahrajabian, M. H. , S. W. and C. Q. (2019). A review of Ginseng species in different regions as a multipurpose herb in traditional Chinese medicine, modern herbology and pharmacological science. https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR2019.6731

Song, H., Song, K. W., & Hong, S. P. (2020). Simultaneous quantification of six nonpolar ginsenosides in white ginseng by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with integrated pulsed amperometric detection. Journal of Ginseng Research, 44(4), 563–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2019.07.002.

Sun, B. S., Gu, L. J., Fang, Z. M., Wang, C. yan, Wang, Z., Lee, M. R., Li, Z., Li, J. J., & Sung, C. K. (2009). Simultaneous quantification of 19 ginsenosides in black ginseng developed from Panax ginseng by HPLC-ELSD. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 50(1), 15–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2009.03.025.

Thi Thu, D., Thi Kieu Anh, N., Thi Thanh Phuong, N., Thi Hong Hanh, N., & Thanh Đat, N. (n.d.). (2021). Simultaneous determination of notoginsenoside R1 and ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1 in dietary supplements by HPLC-DAD. In Vietnamese Journal of Food Control (Vol. 4, Issue 2).

U.S. Department of Agriculture. Panax ginseng. Available at: https://acir.aphis.usda.gov/s/cird-taxon/a0ut0000000mK3gAAE/panax-ginseng (Accessed: 20 April 2024).

Wei, Y., Zhao, W., Zhang, Q., Zhao, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2011). Purification and characterization of a novel and unique ginsenoside Rg 1-hydrolyzing β-D-Glucosidase from Penicillium sclerotiorum. Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica, 43(3), 226–231. https://doi.org/10.1093/abbs/gmr001

Xiu, Y., Li, X., Sun, X., Xiao, D., Miao, R., Zhao, H., & Liu, S. (2019). Simultaneous determination and difference evaluation of 14 ginsenosides in Panax ginseng roots cultivated in different areas and ages by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in the multiple reaction–monitoring mode combined with multivariate statistical analysis. Journal of Ginseng Research, 43(4), 508–516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2017.12.001.

Xu, L., Xu, J., Shi, G., Xiao, S., Dai, R., Wu, S., Sun, B., Zhang, X., & Zhao, Y. (2020). Optimization of flash extraction, separation of ginsenosides, identification by HPLC-FT-ICR-MS and determination of rare ginsenosides in mountain cultivated ginseng. RSC Advances, 10(72), 44050–44057. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ra07517e.

Yu, J., Xu, T., Lin, H., Lin, Y., Zhou, J., & Zhang, Y. (2021). Comprehensive quality evaluation of American ginseng for different parts and abnormal trait based on the major ginsenoside contents and morphological characteristics. BioMed Research International, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8831080.

Yun, T.K. (2001) ‘Brief Introduction of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer’, J Korean Med Sci, 16(Suppl), pp. S3–S5. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2001.16.S.S3.

Zhang, H., Abid, S., Ahn, J. C., Mathiyalagan, R., Kim, Y. J., Yang, D. C., & Wang, Y. (2020). Characteristics of Panax ginseng cultivars in Korea and China. In Molecules (Vol. 25, Issue 11). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25112635

Zhang, L., Wang, S., Qu, B., Chi, H., Quan, Y., & Wu, X. (2019). Efficient separation determination of protopanaxatriol ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rf, Rh1, Rg2 by HPLC. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 170, 48–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2019.03.025.

Zhou, R. R., Huang, J. H., He, D., Yi, Z. Y., Zhao, D., Liu, Z., Zhang, S. H., & Huang, L. Q. (2022). Green and Efficient Extraction of Polysaccharide and Ginsenoside from American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) by Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction and Aqueous Two-Phase System. Molecules, 27(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27103132.

Author Biographies

Marzella Dea Rossardy, Universitas Surabaya

Azminah, Universitas Surabaya

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Marzella Dea Rossardy, Azminah

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).