Potential of Binahong Leaves (Anredera cordifolia Ten.) and Shallot Skin (Allium cepa L.) Extract as Biopesticides for Biological Control of Rice Bug (Leptocorisa oratorius F.)
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v10i10.8755Published:
2024-10-31Issue:
Vol. 10 No. 10 (2024): OctoberKeywords:
Biopesticides, Phytochemical screening test, Rice Bug, Toxicity testResearch Articles
Downloads
How to Cite
Downloads
Metrics
Abstract
The rice bug is a pest causing decrease rice production. Meanwhile, binahong leaves and shallot skin contain potential materials for making biopesticides. This research aimed to analyze potential of binahong leaves and shallot skin extract as biopesticides and toxicity tested against rice bug. The research was carried out using Completely Randomized Design, biopesticides were made in various concentrations, 0% as a control; 10; 20; 30; 40; and 50. The extract was calculated for yield, pH, and phytochemical screening. Then, biopesticide sprayed on the pests at 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, and 168 hours to observe mortality, LC50, morphology, behavior, biotic, and data analysis using ANOVA followed 0.05 Tukey test. The results showed the extract has potential as a biopesticide with yield value 8,3 – 12; pH value 4,84 – 5,37; and positive secondary metabolite. Meanwhile, toxicity tests showed the highest mortality at concentration 50%, LC50 at 144th hours and 168th hours was 4,373 and 2,002. Besides that, biopesticides changes morphology and behavior pest. Observations abiotic factors showed that rice bug can survive in temperature range of 22,75 – 25oC and relative humidity of 77 - 84%. In the future, it hoped biopesticides can be commercialized to reduce dependence on chemical pesticides.
References
Abbas, A., Naqvi, S. A. R., Rasool, M. H., Noureen, A., Mubarik, M. S., & Tareen, R. B. (2021). Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Screening of Seriphidium Oliverianum Plant Extracts. Dose-Response, 19(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/15593258211004739
Anggarani, M. A., Purnomo, A. R., & Wakidah, L. (2021). Production and Quality Test Nganjuk Shallot Extract as a Basis of Aromatherapy Products. International Joint Conference on Science and Engineering, 209, 464–470. https://doi.org/10.2991/aer.k.211215.079
Arfiati, D., Zakiyah, U., Nabilah, I. S., Khoiriyah, N., Jayanti, A. S., & Kharismayanti, H. F. (2019). Perbandingan LC50 – 96 jam terhadap mortalitas benih ikan mas, Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 pada limbah penyamakan kulit dan insektisida piretroid. Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia, 18(2), 103–114. https://doi.org/10.32491/jii.v18i2.430
Asikin, S., & Lestari, Y. (2020). Aplikasi Insektisida Nabati Berbahan Utama Tumbuhan Rawa dalam Mengendalikan Hama Utama Padi di Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut. Jurnal Budidaya Petanian, 16(1), 102–108. https://doi.org/10.30598/jbdp.2020.16.1.102
Assagaf, M., Hastuti, P., Hidayat, C., Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Maluku Utara Jl Kusu, B., Fi, S., & Tidore Kepulauan, K. (2012). Optimization of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Oleoresin Extraction Origin From North Maluku Using Response Surface Methodology. AGRITECH, 32(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.9581
Astuti, R. R. U. N. W., Illahi, A. N., Umri, W. N. S., & Falah, A. A. (2023). Potency of Secondary Metabolites from Salacca zalacca, Sonchus arvensis, and Carica papaya against Aedes aegypti L. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(7), 4931–4937. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i7.4129
Badriyah, L., Aminatul Farihah, D., & Farmasi Kusuma Husada Purwokerto, A. (2022). Analisis ekstraksi kulit bawang merah (Allium cepa L.) menggunakan metode maserasi. J. Sintesis, 3(1), 30–37. https://doi.org/10.56399/jst.v3i1.32
Bar, G., & Ganguly, D. (2022). Application of Bauhinia Vahlii Bark Extract on Wool Fiber. Current Trends in Fashion Technology & Textile Engineering, 7(4), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.19080/CTFTTE.2022.07.555720
Basyuni, M., Ginting, P. Y. A. B., & Lesmana, I. (2017). Phytochemical analysis of Binahong (Anredera Cordifolia) leaves extract to inhibit in Vitro growth of Aeromonas Hydrophila. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5011929
Checchetti, A., & Lanzo, J. (2015). Qualitative Measurement of pH and Mathematical Methods for the Determination of the Equivalence Point in Volumetric Analysis. World Journal of Chemical Education, 3(3), 64–69. https://doi.org/10.12691/wjce-3-3-2
Delfita, R. (2014). Fisiologi Hewan. Tanah Datar. STAIN Batu Sangkar Press.
Dewitasari, W., Leni, R., & Ismi, R. (2017). Rendemen and Phytochemical Screening using Leaf extract of Sansevieria Sp. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan, 17(3), 197–202. https://doi.org/10.25181/jppt.v17i3.336
Donggulo, C. V, Lapanjang, I. M., & Made, U. (2017). Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L) Pada Berbagai Pola Jajar Legowo dan Jarak Tanam. J. Agroland, 24(1), 27–35. Retrieved from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/296928751.pdf
Drețcanu, G., Știrbu, I., Leoplold, N., Cruceriu, D., Danciu, C., Stănilă, A., Fărcaș, A., Borda, I. M., Iuhas, C., & Diaconeasa, Z. (2022). Chemical Structure, Sources and Role of Bioactive Flavonoids in Cancer Prevention. Plants, 11(9), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11091117
Embrikawentar, Z., & Ratnasari, E. (2019). Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Sukun (Artocarpus altilis) terhadap Mortalitas Hama Walang Sangit (Leptocorisa acuta) The Effectivenes of Leaves Extract of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) on the Mortality of Paddy Bug Pest (Leptocorisa acuta. EJournal Unesa, 8(3), 196–200. Retrieved from https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/lenterabio/article/view/30636
Fauzana, H., & Nurul, F. (2018). Uji Konsentrasi Ekstrak Daun Krinyuh (Eupatorium odoratum L.) sebagai Racun Perut terhadap Mortalitas Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura F. J. Agrotek Trop, 7(2), 108–115. Retrieved from https://jatt.ejournal.unri.ac.id/index.php/JATT/article/view/7871
Febri, F. R., Elimasni, E., & Jumilawaty, E. (2024). Effectiveness of Green Betel Leaf Powder (Piper betle L.) as a vegetable biopesticide against the Mortality of Rice Weevil (Sitophilus oryzae L. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(3), 1340–1348. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i3.6949
Gama, Z. P., Purnama, R. M. A., & Melani, D. (2021). High potential of liquid smoke from coconut shell (Cocos nucifera) for biological control of rice bug (leptocorisa oratorius fabricius. Journal of Tropical Life Science, 11(1), 85–91. https://doi.org/10.11594/jtls.11.01.11
Gomes, A. R., Pires, A. S., Roleira, F. M. F., & Tavares-da-Silva, E. J. (2023). The Structural Diversity and Biological Activity of Steroid Oximes. Molecules, 28(4), 1–533. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28041690
Herlinda, S. (2016). Efikasi Bioinsektisida Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill terhadap Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) pada Padi Ratun di Lebak. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal, 5(2), 189–197. https://doi.org/10.33230/JLSO.5.2.2016.324
Isa, I., Musa, W. J. A., & Rahman, S. W. (2019). Pemanfaatan Asap Cair Tempurung Kelapa Sebagai Pestisida Organik Terhadap Mortalitas Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera Litura F. Jamb.J.Chem, 1(1), 15–20. https://doi.org/10.34312/jambchem.v1i1.2102
Karsidi, J., Rustam, R., & L, H. (2014). Uji Beberapa Konsentrasi Piper Aduncum L. Ekstrak Daun untuk Kontrol Leptocorisa Oratorius Fabricius (Hemiptera, Alydidae) Tanaman Padi (Oryza Sativa L. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Pertanian, 1(1), 1–14. Retrieved from https://www.neliti.com/id/publications/189889/uji-beberapa-konsentrasi-piper-aduncum-l-ekstrak-daun-untuk-kontrol-leptocorisa
Limbong, O., Kristanto, B. A., & Kusmiyati, F. (2021). Pengaruh Konsentrasi dan Interval Waktu Penyemprotan Biopestisida Babandotan Terhadap Intensitas Kerusakan dan Hasil Tanaman Kailan. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 23(2), 84–91. https://doi.org/10.31186/jipi.23.2.84-91
Manoppo, & Kolopita. (2014). Respon imun krustase. E-Journal Budidaya Perairan, 2(2), 22–26. https://doi.org/10.35800/bdp.2.2.2014.4904
Mardiah, N., Mulyanto, C., Amelia, A., Anggraeni, D., & Rahmawanty, D. (2017). Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Ekstrak Kulit Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Dengan Metode DPPH. Jurnal Pharmascience, 04(02), 147–154. https://doi.org/10.20527/jps.v4i2.5768
Mohaddes, M., Jafarizadeh-Malmiri, H., Simjoo, M., & Jafarizad, A. (2019). Evaluation of the saponin green extraction from Ziziphus spina-christi leaves using hydrothermal, microwave and Bain-Marie water bath heating methods. Green Processing and Synthesis, 8(1), 62–67. https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2017-0185
Mulyani, A., Melhanah, L., & Kresnatita, S. (2022). Pelatihan Pembuatan Biopestisida Secara Sederhana pada Kelompok Tani di Kota Palangka Raya sebagai Solusi Efisiensi Biaya di Masa Pandemi Covid 19. Bubungan Tinggi: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(2), 476–477. https://doi.org/10.20527/btjpm.v4i2.5148
Mustapa, R. U., Lamangantjo, C. J., Abdul, A., Ahmad, J., Uno, W. D., & Retnowati, Y. (2023). Effectiveness of Tembelekan Leaf Extract (Lantana camara L.) on Mortality of Riptortus linearis. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(11), 9564–9568. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i11.4086
Nanda, A., Intan, S., & Elfi, Y. (2022). Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Bawang Merah (Allium Cepa L) Dengan Pemberian Mikroorganime Lokal (Mol) Feses Walet Pada Media Gambut. Jurnal Agro Indragiri, 9(1), 22–34. https://doi.org/10.32520/jai.v9i1.1854
Nik, N., Rusae, A., Tasekab, O., Bano, F., Pais, Y. O., & Tanii, Y. (2023). Identification and Control Model for Pest Organisms in Cabbage Plants. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(SpecialIssue), 1112–1120. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9ispecialissue.7047
Ningsih, N. F., Ratnasari, E., & Faizah, U. (2016). Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus) terhadap Mortalitas Hama Wereng Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens) The Effect of Leaves Extract of Java Tea Orthosiphon aristatus on the Mortality of Nilaparvata lugens. LenteraBio, 5(1), 14–19. Retrieved from https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/lenterabio/article/view/14554
Ocktaviani, R., Trimaryanto, Y., & Putri, S. (2018). Penggunaan Bioinsektisida dari Ekstrak Daun Tephrosia Vogelii untuk Mengatasi Hama Wereng di Desa Tanggaran, Trenggalek. SNPBS, 3(1), 53–62. Retrieved from https://publikasiilmiah.ums.ac.id/handle/11617/10462
Pasaru, & Wahid. (2013). Keanekaragaman Arthropoda pada Pertanaman Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) di Kecamatan Palolo. Agrotekbis, 1(5), 421–428. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/245938-none-368fa123.pdf
Permatasari, C., Safira, A., Tri, M., & Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Negeri Surabaya, F. (2021). Efektivitas Ekstrak Ethanol Daun Kirinyuh (Eupatorium odoratum) Terhadap Mortalitas Larva Spodoptera litura. LenteraBio, 10(1), 17–24. Retrieved from https://journal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/lenterabio/article/download/11434/6008
Poncowati, S., Soenardjo, N., Taufiq-Spj, N., & Sibero, M. T. (2022). Profil Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Daun Mangrove Lumnitzera racemosa Asal Perairan Teluk awur, Jepara. Journal of Marine Research, 11(4), 794–804. https://doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v11i4.34325
Rahayu, S., Kurniasih, N., Vina, D., Kimia, A. J., Sains, F., Teknologi, D., Gunung, S., Bandung, D., & Nasution, J. A. H. (2015). Ekstraksi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Flavonoid Dari Limbah Kulit Bawang Merah Sebagai Antioksidan Alami. Al Kimiya, 2(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3390/sci3040044
Rai, S., Eliza, A., Ananda, K., Hari, P., & Ajaya, B. (2021). Plant-Derived Saponins: A Review of Their Surfactant Properties and Applications. Sci MDPI Journal, 3(44), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/sci3040044
Rohaeni, E. S., Widiawati, Y., Setiasih, B., B., W., Anggraeny, Y. N., Hatta, M., Shiddieqy, M. I., Ahmad, S. N., Widodo, S., Firsoni, E., D., & Yolanda, D. E. (2024). The utilization of Binahong leaves as medicinal plants for livestock production and health. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1312(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1312/1/012059
Sa’diyah, N., Purwani, K., & Wijayanti, L. (2013). Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Bintaro (Cerbera odollam) terhadap Perkembangan Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura F. Jurnal Sains Dan Seni, 2(2), 233–238. https://doi.org/10.12962/j23373520.v2i2.3739
Saenong, M. S. (2017). Tumbuhan Indonesia Potensial sebagai Insektisida Nabati untuk Mengendalikan Hama Kumbang Bubuk Jagung (Sitophilus spp. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pertanian, 35(3), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.21082/jp3.v35n3.2016.p131-142
Salaki, C., & Jackson, W. (2022). Biopesticide Application of Bacillus thuringiensis Local Isolate to Control Atherigona exigua Pest on Corn Plants. Applied Agroecotechnology Journal, 3(2), 250–256. https://doi.org/10.35791/jat.v3i2.44328
Salim, & Suryati. (2021). Tingkat Serangan Walang Sangit ( Leptocorisa Acuta Thunb.) Pada Padi Gogo Di Kecamatan Pitu Riase, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkajene Kepulauan, 2(1), 502–507. Retrieved from https://ojs.polipangkep.ac.id/index.php/proppnp/article/view/96
Saragih, & Panggulu. (2021). Pembangunan Pertanian. Deepublish Publisher.
Schwartzberg, L., & Rudolph, M. (2018). Safety of Polysorbate 80 in the Oncology Setting. Adv Ther, 35(6), 754–767. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-018-0707-z
Senduk, T., Montolalu, D., V., & Lita, A. (2020). The rendement of boiled water extract of mature leaves of mangrove Sonneratia alba. Jurnal Perikanan Dan Kelautan Tropis, 11(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.35800/jpkt.11.1.2020.28659
Sianipar, M., Suganda, T., & Hadyarrahman, A. (2020). Effect of Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Steenis Leaves Ethanol Extract in suppressing Brown PlantHopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal. Populations on Rice Plant. Cropsaver, 1(2), 42–48. https://doi.org/10.24198/cropsaver.v3i2.29448
Sidauruk, & Hafiz. (2021). Uji Beberapa Konsentrasi Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch Sorokin) Mengendalikan Walang Sangit (Leptocorisa acuta T.) pada Tanaman Padi Gogo (Oryza sativa L. JomFaperta, 8(1), 1–16. Retrieved from https://jom.unri.ac.id/index.php/JOMFAPERTA/article/view/30784
Skendžić, S., Zovko, M., Živković, I. P., Lešić, V., & Lemić, D. (2021). The impact of climate change on agricultural insect pests. Insects, 12(5), 440. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12050440
Souhoka, F. A., Kapelle, I. B. D., & Sihasale, E. (2021). Phytochemical and Antioxidant Test of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) Leaves Ethanol Extract. Fullerene Journal of Chemistry, 6(1), 28–33. https://doi.org/10.37033/fjc.v6i1.248
Stoica, F., Aprodu, I., Enachi, E., Stănciuc, N., Condurache, N. N., Duță, D. E., Bahrim, G. E., & Râpeanu, G. (2021). Bioactive’s characterization, biological activities, and in silico studies of red onion (Allium cepa L.) skin extracts. Plants, 10(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112330
Sujarwati, A., & Nurcandra, F. (2023). Pajanan Pestisida terhadap Dermatitis pada Petani Perkebunan di Kota Depok. JIKM, 15(3), 119–127. https://doi.org/10.52022/jikm.v15i3.467
Supriatno, A., M., D., D., & Safrida, S. (2023). Effect of Combination of Oleander Leaf Extract (Nerium oleander L.) With Neem Leaf (Azadiracta indica A. Juss) on Mortality Golden Snail (Pomaceae canaliculata L. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(7), 5304–5309. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i7.2895
Supriatno, J., R., S., Hafnati, & Samingan. (2023). Toxicity Test of Shallot Skin Extract (Allium ascalonicum) on Mortality of Leaf Roller Caterpillar (Spoladea recurvalis. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(11), 9474–9480. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i11.4566
Supriatno, S., Riska, R., Rahmatan, H., Nur, Y. I. M., & Ulhusna, F. A. (2024). Toxicity Test of Red-Shoot Leaves (Syzygium myrtifolium Walp.) Extract as Biolarvicide on Filariasis Vector Mortality. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(4), 1648–1654. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i4.5454
Suripto, S., Ahyadi, H., Rahayu, R. N., & Japa, L. (2023). Stability of Anti-Insect Ingredient from Jayanti Plants (Sesbania sesban) for Integrated Control of Cabbage Pest. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(2), 891–897. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i2.3293
Suripto, S., Japa, L., Ahyadi, H., & Rahayu, R. N. (2023). Evaluation of Insecticidal Performances of Jayanti Plant (Sesbania sesban) for Integrated Control of Cabbage Caterpillar (Plutella xylostella. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(10), 8641–8649. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i10.5635
Surkatti, R., & Al-Zuhair, S. (2018). Microalgae cultivation for phenolic compounds removal. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(34), 33936–33956. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3450-8
Susanty, S., & Yudhistirani, A. (2018). Pengaruh Waktu Ekstraksi Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) Terhadap Kemampuan Daya Hambat Bakteri Escherichia coli Untuk Pembuatan Hand Sanitizer. Jurnal Konversi, 7(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.24853/konversi.7.1.10
Syah, B., & Kristanti, I. (2016). Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) Terhadap Mortalitas dan Perkembangan Larva Spodoptera litura. Jurnal Sains Dan Seni, 5(2), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.12962/j23373520.v5i2.20528
Taradipha, M. R. R., Rushayati, S. B., & Haneda, N. F. (2019). Environmental characteristic of insect community. Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam Dan Lingkungan, 9(2), 394–404. https://doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.9.2.394-404
Triaswanto, F., Riswanta, U., & Ulhaq, N. U. D. (2019). Pola aktivitas harian Leptocorisa oratorius Fabricius (Hemiptera: Alydidae) pada berbagai ketinggian tempat di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia, 16(2), 103–110. https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.16.2.103
Wati, C., Arsi, & Tili. (2021). Hama dan penyakit tanaman. Yayasan Kita Menulis.
Weng, A., Thakur, M., & Fuchs. (2011). Chemistry and pharmacology of saponins: special focus on cytotoxic properties. Targets and Therapy. https://doi.org/10.2147/btat.s17261
Author Biographies
Fenti Wahyu Lestari, Universitas Brawijaya
Dewi Melani, Balai Besar Pelatihan Pertanian (BBPP) Ketindan Malang
Zulfaidah Penata Gama, Universitas Brawijaya
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Fenti Wahyu Lestari, Dewi Melani, Zulfaidah Penata Gama
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
