Community-Led Coral Reef Farming: A Case Study from Pahawang Island, Indonesia

Authors

Winati Nurhayu , Sarah Azmi , Novriadi , Yanti Ariyanti , Dian Anggria Sari

DOI:

10.29303/jppipa.v11i2.9272

Published:

2025-02-25

Issue:

Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): February

Keywords:

Conservation, Coral reef farming, Negative impact, Pahawang island, Positive impact

Research Articles

Downloads

How to Cite

Nurhayu, W., Azmi, S., Novriadi, Ariyanti, Y., & Sari, D. A. (2025). Community-Led Coral Reef Farming: A Case Study from Pahawang Island, Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(2), 342–349. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i2.9272

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Abstract

Coral reefs play a crucial role in Indonesia's coastal ecosystems, offering ecological and economic benefits. Pahawang Island, Lampung, presents a potential site for sustainable coral reef farming. However, destructive fishing practices, such as fish bombing in 2000, caused severe reef damage, prompting a cultivation initiative aimed at restoration and sustainable utilization. This study, conducted in 2024, explored the impacts and challenges of coral reef farming on Pahawang Island using surveys and focus group discussions. Data collection involved interviews with 100 residents, including coral farmers and village officials, and discussions with representatives from BUMDes, POKDARWIS, village officials, and coral reef traders. The Business Model Canvas and SWOT analysis were employed for evaluation. Hamlet had significantly stronger positive perceptions of coral reef farming (p-value = 0.037), while Pahawang Hamlet residents emphasized its challenges (p-value = 0.018). The findings also highlighted that many coral reef farmers had yet to fully implement all aspects of their business models. This study underscores the need for targeted interventions to address challenges and enhance sustainable coral reef farming practices.

References

Ban, N. C., Roberts, C. M., Bellwood, D. R., Boström-Einarsson, L., & Côté, I. M. (2019). Designing and evaluating the effectiveness of marine conservation projects. Marine Policy, 104, 15–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2019.04.004

Boström-Einarsson, L., Babcock, R. C., Bayraktarov, E., Ceccarelli, D., Cook, N., Ferse, S. C., McLeod, I. M., & Boström-Einarsson, L. (2020a). A global review of the ecological and social impacts of coral reef restoration. Coral Reefs, 39(4), 759–771. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-020-01943-x

Boström-Einarsson, L., Babcock, R. C., Bayraktarov, E., Ceccarelli, D., Cook, N., Ferse, S. C., McLeod, I. M., & Boström-Einarsson, L. (2020b). Coral restoration–A systematic review of current methods, successes, failures, and future directions. PloS One, 15(1), 226631. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226631

Bruno, J. F., & Côté, I. M. (2018). Coral reef restoration in the face of climate change: Impacts and potential for recovery. Environmental Science & Policy, 89, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2018.07.011

Bryman, A. (2016). Social research methods (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.

Chaves, F. M., Costa, M. L., Lima, L. S., & Rodrigues, D. M. (2021). Assessing the potential of coral reef farming for enhancing ecosystem services and improving local livelihoods. Marine Environmental Research, 171, 105360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105360

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. SAGE Publications.

Edwards, M., Newton, L., & Jones, C. (2021). The importance of standardized monitoring in coral restoration projects. Ecological Management & Restoration, 22(1), 26–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12400

Efi, A., Budiwirman, Y., Novrita, S. Z., Aryati, Y., & Mutia, G. H. (2023). Mentawai natural environment ornament transformation on batik art tatoo motivation based on local wisdom: Ecotourism. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(Special Issue). https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9iSpecialIssue.5838

Fandeli, C. (2000). Pengusahaan ekowisata. Pustaka Pelajar.

Gorib, M., & Pradnyana, M. (2017). Marine conservation strategies in coastal areas: A case study on coral reef rehabilitation efforts. Environmental Science & Policy, 88, 102–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2018.07.015

Hakim, M. F. (n.d.). Blue economy daerah pesisir berbasis kelautan dan perikanan. Economics Development Analysis Journal, 2(2), 1–7. Retrieved from http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/edaj

Hammen, T., McFadden, D., & White, S. (2017). Community involvement in coral reef restoration: A review of best practices and challenges. Marine Policy, 84, 91–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2017.07.020

Hughes, T. P., & Jackson, J. B. (2019). Ecological restoration of coral reefs: Challenges and opportunities. Ocean & Coastal Management, 180, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.104975

Irawan, J., Sasmito, B., & Suprayogi, A. (2017). Pemetaan sebaran terumbu karang dengan metode algoritma lyzenga secara temporal menggunakan citra landsat 5 7 dan 8 (studi kasus: Pulau Karimunjawa. Jurnal Geodesi Undip, 6(2), 56–61. https://doi.org/10.14710/jgundip.2017.16256

Irrubai, M. L., & Subki. (2024). The local wisdom of awik-awik in marine conservation in Sekotong, West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(7), 3932–3941. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i7.7435

Manfredo, M. J., Bright, A. D., & Shoff, P. K. (2020). Exploring business models and strategic planning for sustainable eco-tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(9), 1493–1512. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2019.1648673

Mora, C., Bostrom-Einarsson, L., & Nelson, D. (2021). Ecological and economic benefits of restoring coral reefs. Nature Communications, 12(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22060-3

Mustika, I. Y., Kustanti, A., & Hilmanto, R. (2017). Kepentingan dan peran aktor dalam pengelolaan hutan mangrove di Desa Pulau Pahawang Kecamatan Marga Punduh Kabupaten Pesawaran. Jurnal Sylva Lestari, 5(2), 113–127. Retrieved from http://digilib.unila.ac.id/24473/

Naylor, R. L., Lewis, T., & Resosudarmo, I. (2020). Ensuring equity in community-based coral reef restoration projects. Environmental Management, 65(2), 200–215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-019-01260-5

Novriadi, D., Azizah, R. N., & Putri, A. M. (2024). Life form identification of coral reef and genera in Pahawang Island to support ecosystem rehabilitation. Proceedings of the International Conference on Health, Science, and Environment (ICHSE 2023. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-431-0_13

Nurhayu, W., Wahyu, K., Maretta, G., & Ariyanti, Y. (2024). Etnobotani dan etnozoologi dalam melestarikan tradisi dan adat di Pulau Pahawang, Lampung. Gunung Djati Conference Series, 47, 30–48. Retrieved from https://www.conferences.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/gdcs/article/view/2532

Nybakken, J. W. (1992). Biologi Laut: Suatu Pendekatan Ekologis. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

Pomeroy, R. S., Parks, J. E., & Balboa, C. M. (2006). Farming the reef: is aquaculture a solution for reducing fishing pressure on coral reefs? Marine Policy, 30(2), 111–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2004.09.001

Putri, F. T., Suharsono, A., & Setyowati, N. (2023). Economic analysis of coral reef transplantation as a restoration strategy in Indonesia. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 25(4), 112–125. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12561

Putri, P. I. D., Sudiarta, I. K., Prasetijo, R., & Prasetia, I. N. D. (2023). Indonesia Coral Reef Garden Sanur Bali: Pemulihan ekonomi nasional melalui restorasi terumbu karang. International Journal of Community Service Learning, 7(2), 168–177. Retrieved from https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/IJCSL/article/view/56525

Rincon, D., & Castillo, M. (2018). Evaluating the effectiveness of coral reef management in the Caribbean. Marine Policy, 97, 172–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.07.021

Sangaji, M. (2017). Potensi dan status kerentanan terumbu karang di perairan Pelita Jaya Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat Provinsi Maluku. BIOSEL (Biology Science and Education): Jurnal Penelitian Science Dan Pendidikan, 6(1), 26–35. https://doi.org/10.33477/bs.v6i1.130

Smith-Godfrey, S. (2016). Defining the blue economy. Maritime Affairs: Journal of the National Maritime Foundation of India, 12(1), 58–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/09733159.2016.1175131

Smith, T. J., West, G. H., & Johnson, A. S. (2019). Community-based coral reef restoration: Enhancing participation for long-term sustainability. Marine Environmental Research, 147, 52–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.12.001

Snahan, A. L., Rumahorbo, B. T., Manalu, Y., Warpur, M., & Sialagan, J. (2024). Strategy for Implementing the Tiatiki Concept in Conservation Resource. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(4), 1615–1623. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i4.7074

Soong, K., & Chen, T. A. (2003). Coral transplantation: Regeneration and growth of Acropora fragments in a nursery. Restoration Ecology, 11(1), 62–71. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-100x.2003.00173.x

Suharsono, S., Hadiyanto, R. M., Gusti, T. A., Yuliana, T., Budiyanto, A., & Sulha, S. (2013). Perkembangan teknik transplantasi karang di Indonesia. Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia.

Susilo, A., Satinem, Y., & Sarkowi. (2024). Analysis of the local wisdom of batu urip in lubuklinggau city in ecological and historical context. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(11), 9870–9878. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i11.8788

Sutton, G. H., & Henson, L. (2021). Community-based management of marine protected areas and its impact on coral restoration: Insights from Indonesia. Journal of Marine Conservation, 30(4), 315–324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marcon.2021.102987

Suwarsito, S., Aulia, F., & Sriwanto, S. (2019). Partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan kawasan konservasi perairan daerah Karang Jeruk di Desa Munjungagung Kecamatan Kramat Kabupaten Tegal. Sainteks, 14(1), 45–52. https://doi.org/10.30595/sainteks.v14i1.4190

Syaifuddin, R. (2023). Potensi ekosistem terumbu karang untuk pengembangan ekowisata di Pulau Noko Bawean. Jurnal Laot Ilmu Kelautan, 5(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.35308/jlik.v5i1.6559

Tobias, K., & Lang, M. (2020). The socio-economic importance of coral reef ecosystem services in tropical coastal areas. Ocean & Coastal Management, 184, 104961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.104961

Waycott, M., & McKinnon, L. (2020). Coral farming as an innovative solution for reef restoration: Global perspectives. Marine Environmental Research, 164, 105185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105185

Author Biographies

Winati Nurhayu, Sumatera Institute of Technology

Sarah Azmi, Sumatera Institute of Technology

Novriadi, Sumatera Institute of Technology

Yanti Ariyanti, Sumatera Institute of Technology

Dian Anggria Sari, Sumatera Institute of Technology

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Winati Nurhayu, Sarah Azmi, Novriadi, Yanti Ariyanti, Dian Anggria Sari

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).