Sugar and Fiber Content in Sorghum Seeds (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) From the Application of Rice Husk Biochar and Liquid Cow Urine Organic Fertilizer
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v11i7.11550Published:
2025-07-25Downloads
Abstract
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a resilient cereal crop with high potential as a source of food, feed, and bioenergy. This study investigates the effect of applying rice husk biochar and liquid organic fertilizer (POC) from cow urine on the sugar and fiber content of sorghum seeds. The experiment was conducted in two phases: field trials using a randomized block design with nine treatment combinations (3 biochar doses × 3 POC doses) and laboratory analysis of sugar and fiber contents. Results show that the application of 4 t/ha biochar and 750 ml/L cow urine POC produced the highest yield in terms of seed weight per plot (0.36 t/ha) and total production. However, the highest sugar content (63.32%) was obtained in the control biochar treatment with 250 ml/L POC, suggesting that lower POC doses are more effective in enhancing sugar concentration. Fiber content showed no statistically significant differences among treatments, although a tendency for increased fiber was observed at moderate POC doses. These findings highlight the potential of using rice husk biochar and cow urine POC to improve sorghum productivity and nutritional quality while supporting sustainable and organic agricultural practices.
Keywords:
Biochar Cow Urine POC Sorghum SeedsReferences
Ayaz, M., Feizienė, D., Tilvikienė, V., Akhtar, K., Stulpinaitė, U., & Iqbal, R. (2021). Biochar role in the sustainability of agriculture and environment. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(1330), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13031330
Ernsting, A., & Smolker, R. (2009). Biochar for Climate Change Mitigation. Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials, 1(February), 123–143. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5239-7_6
Galyuon, I. K. A., Howarth, C. J., & Otwe, E. P. (2011). Sorghum : A model for development of drought resistant crops for a changing climate ?". Conference: Proceedings of the University of Ilorin, Nigeria, and University of Cape Coast, Ghana 2nd Joint International Conference on Climate Change and Sustainable Development, 1, 440–463.
Gidi, M. (2023). Sorghum as a Model Crop for Drought Stress Tolerance. Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering, 11(3), 54–65. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20231103.14
Haddad, N., Razzaq, A., Tawaha, A., Alassaf, R., Alkhoury, W., Abusalem, M., & Al-sharif, R. (2024). Sustainable Agriculture in Jordan – A Review for the Potential of Biochar from Agricultural Waste for Soil and Crop Improvement. Journal of Ecological Engineering, 25(9), 190–202. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/191186 ISSN
Hartati, W., Sudarmadji, T., & Krisdianto, N. (2019). Biochar enriched with organic fertilizer improves the survival and growth rate of Anthocepalus cadamba seedlings planted on degraded spodosols. Biodiversitas, 20(12), 3741–3750. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d201237
Hossain, M. Z., Bahar, M. M., Sarkar, B., Donne, S. W., Ok, Y. S., Palansooriya, K. N., Kirkham, M. B., Chowdhury, S., & Bolan, N. (2020). Biochar and its importance on nutrient dynamics in soil and plant. In Biochar (Vol. 2, Issue 4). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-020-00065-z
Hui, D. (2021). Effects of Biochar Application on Soil Properties , Plant Biomass Production , and Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions : A Mini-Review. Agricultural Sciences, 12, 213–236. https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2021.123014
Islami, T. (2019). Penggunaan Biochar Diperkaya Nitrogen pada Tanaman Jagung. Buana Sains, 19(1), 17–24.
Joseph, S., Cowie, A. L., Zwieten, L. Van, Bolan, N., Budai, A., Buss, W., Cayuela, M. L., Graber, E. R., Ippolito, J. A., Kuzyakov, Y., Luo, Y., Ok, Y. S., Palansooriya, K. N., Shepherd, J., Stephens, S., Weng, Z. (Han), & Lehmann, J. (2021). How biochar works , and when it doesn ’ t : A review of mechanisms controlling soil and plant responses to biochar. GCB Bioenergy, 13(January), 1731–1764. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12885
Khan, S., Irshad, S., Mehmood, K., Hasnain, Z., Nawaz, M., Rais, A., Gul, S., Wahid, M. A., Hashem, A., Fathi, E., & Ibrar, D. (2024). Health , Crop Production , and Yield Enhancement : A Review. Plants, 13(166), 1–18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ plants13020166 Academic
Kozioł, A., Paliwoda, D., Mikiciuk, G., & Benhadji, N. (2024). Biochar as a Multi-Action Substance Used to Improve Soil Properties in Horticultural and Agricultural Crops — A Review. Agriculture, 14(2165), 1–40. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ agriculture14122165
Lehmann, J., & Joseph, S. (2024). Biochar for environmental management. In Biochar for Environmental Management. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003297673-1
Manimekala, D. G. H. D. S., Kirubashini, S., Madhushani, K. N. P., & Indurugalla, I. A. Y. R. (2024). Effect of Biochar on Soil Properties – A Review. Journal of Research Technology Engineering, 5(3), 1–26.
Mukhlis, Hendriani, R., Sari, N., Firsta Wisra, R., Fitrianti, S., & Lutfi, U. M. (2023). Analisis Pendapatan Petani Model Usahatani Terpadu Jagung-Sapi Di Kecamatan Payakumbuh. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan, 23(2), 254–261. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.25181/jppt.v23i2.2953
Mukhlis, M., Ismawati, I., Sillia, N., Fitrianti, S., Ukrita, I., Wisra, R. F., Raflis, H., Hendriani, R., Hanum, L., Ibrahim, H., Nofianti, S., Marta, A., & Sari, N. (2024). Characteristics of Production Factors and Production of Zero Tillage System Rice Farming. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(8), 6013–6019. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i8.8542
Mukhlis, Noer, M., Nofialdi, & Mahdi. (2015). Analisa Usaha Tani Integrasi Padi-Sapi Potong. Jurnal LUMBUNG Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh, 14(1), 1–10.
Pangaribuan, D. H., Sarno, & Kurniawan, M. C. (2017). PENGARUH PUPUK CAIR URINE SAPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS ( Zea mays L.). Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences, 4(2), 202–209. https://doi.org/10.24843/metamorfosa.2017.v04.i02.p11
Premalatha, R. P., Bindu, J. P., Nivetha, E., Malarvizhi, P., Manorama, K., Parameswari, E., & Davamani, V. (2023). A review on biochar ’ s effect on soil properties and crop growth. Frontiers in Energy Research, 11(June), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2023.1092637
Rasyid, I., Wirawan, I., Sirajuddin, S. N., & Mukhlis. (2024). Accessibility of Sustainable Beef Cattle Business Development in Mattiro Bulu District , Pinrang Regency. 10(6), 7688–7695. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i10.9083
Salikin, K. (2011). Sistem Pertanian Berkelanjutan (6th ed.). Penerbit Kanisius.
Semida, W. M., Beheiry, H. R., Sétamou, M., Simpson, C. R., Abd El-Mageed, T. A., Rady, M. M., & Nelson, S. D. (2019). Biochar implications for sustainable agriculture and environment: A review. South African Journal of Botany, 127, 333–347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.11.015
Shah, Z., & Shah, T. (2018). Residual Effect of Biochar on Soil Properties and Yield of Maize ( Zea mays L . ) under Different Cropping Systems. Open Journal of Soil Science, 8, 16–35. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojss.2018.81002
Shankar, T., Lalichetti, S., & Maitra, S. (2023). Impact of Biochar on Soil Properties (Issue July). Griffon.
Shoudho, K. N., Khan, T. . H., Ara, U. R., Khan, M. R., Shawon, Z. B. Z., & Hoque, M. E. (2024). Biochar in global carbon cycle: Towards sustainable development goals. Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 8(100409), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crgsc.2024.100409
Siavoshi, M., Nasiri, A., Lawre, S., & Education, M. (2011). Effect of Organic Fertilizer on Growth and Yield Components in Rice ( Oryza Effect of Organic Fertilizer on Growth and Yield Components in Rice ( Oryza sativa L . ). Journal of Agricultural Science, 3(3), 217–224. https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v3n3p217
Thomas, S. C. (2021). Post ‑ processing of biochars to enhance plant growth responses : a review and meta ‑ analysis. Biochar, 3(4), 437–455. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-021-00115-0
Tu, C., Wei, J., Guan, F., Liu, Y., Sun, Y., & Luo, Y. (2020). Biochar and bacteria inoculated biochar enhanced Cd and Cu immobilization and enzymatic activity in a polluted soil. Environment International, 137(October 2019), 105576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105576
Verdiana, M. A., Sebayang, H. T., & Sumarni, T. (2016). The Efffect Of Various Doses Biochar Rice Huskand NPK Fertilizer On The Growth And Yield Of Maize (Zea mays L.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 4(8), 611–616.
Widowati, W., Asnah, a, & Utomo, W. H. (2014). The use of biochar to reduce nitrogen and potassium leaching from soil cultivated with maize. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, 2(1), 211–218. https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2014.021.211
Wijaya, A., Butarbutar, T., & Hartati, W. (2018). BIOCHAR YANG DIPRODUKSI DENGAN TUNGKU DRUM TERTUTUP RETORT. Jurnal Hutan Tropis, 2(1), 49–58.
Woolf, D., Amonette, J. E., Street-Perrott, F. A., Lehmann, J., & Joseph, S. (2010). Sustainable biochar to mitigate global climate change. Nature Communications, 1(5), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1053
Xu, P., Gao, Y., Cui, Z., Wu, B., Yan, B., Wang, Y., Zaitongguli, K., Wen, M., Wang, H., Jing, N., Wang, Y., Chao, C., & Xue, W. (2023). Research Progress on Effects of Biochar on Soil Environment and Crop Nutrient Absorption and Utilization. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(4861), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15064861
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Syamsiar, Indrianto Kadekoh, Marhani, Maemunah, Rahmi Rozali, Rachmat Zainuddin, Nur Salam, Nina Humaerah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
