Enhancing Systems Thinking Skills with E-Worksheets Representation Model
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v12i9.12416Published:
2026-09-30Downloads
Abstract
This study aims to develop multi-representation model e-worksheets to improve students' systems thinking skills on the human locomotor system. This study is a research and development (R & D) that refers to the 10 steps of Gall et al.'s model development. This study involved 100 students and 11 teachers at the information gathering stage, 2 e-worksheets validators at the limited field test stage, the main field test involved 15 students and 2 science teachers, while the operational field trial involved 64 students in grades VII.2 and VII.3 at SMP Negeri 2 Sekampung using a pretest-posttest control group design. The instruments in this study included a questionnaire on teacher and student needs, a questionnaire on e-worksheet validation aspects of content, construction and readability, a questionnaire on student and educator responses to e-worksheets, and pretest-posttest questions on systems thinking skills. The qualitative data analysis technique in this study used descriptive analysis and quantitative data used an independent sample t-test. The results of the validation of e-worksheets by experts stated that the developed e-worksheets were valid with the criteria of “very high” and based on the responses of teachers and students, the practical e-worksheets had the criteria of “very high”. The results of the independent sample t-test obtained a sig.2 tailed value of 0.000, meaning that the average value of the systems thinking skills of students in the experimental class was higher than the control class, with an average n-gain in the control class of “0.32” while the experimental class was “0.71”. This is supported by the results of the effect size test of “0.871” which states that the developed e-worksheets have a very large influence in improving students' systems thinking skills
Keywords:
E-worksheets System thingking skills Representation modelReferences
Anggraini, M., Huda, I., Safrida, S., Rahmatan, H., & Djufri, D. (2022). Penerapan Model Multiple Representation Berbasis Somatis, Auditory, Visual, Intelektual terhadap Self Efficacy Peserta Didik. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia, 10(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.24815/jpsi.v10i1.21690
Asrizal, A., Dier, M., Mardian, V., & Festiyed, F. (2023). STEM integrated electronic student worksheet to promote conceptual understanding and literacy skills of students. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2582(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2582/1/012052
Assaraf, O. B. Z., & Orion, N. (2010). Four case studies, six years later: Developing system thinking skills in junior high school and sustaining them over time. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 47(10), 1253–1280. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.20383
Astalini, A., & Kurniawan, D. A. (2019). Pengembangan Instrumen Sikap Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama Terhadap Mata Pelajaran IPA. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains (JPS), 7(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.26714/jps.7.1.2019.1-7
Borg, W. R., & Gall, M. D. (1998). Educational research: An Introduction. Longman Education.
Bungsu, R., & Rosadi, K. I. (2021). Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Berpikir Sistem: Aspek Internal Dan Eksternal. Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Sistem Informasi, 2(2), 205–215. https://doi.org/10.31933/jemsi.v2i2.391
Clark, S., Petersen, J. E., Frantz, C. M., Roose, D., Ginn, J., & Rosenberg Daneri, D. (2017). Teaching systems thinking to 4th and 5th graders using Environmental Dashboard display technology. PLOS ONE, 12(4), e0176322. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176322
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Fauza, N., Hermita, N., & Afriyani, E. (2023). Need Analysis to Develop a Physics Module Integrated Natural Disaster and Mitigation. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(3), 1024–1029. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i3.3170
Green, C., Molloy, O., & Duggan, J. (2022). An empirical study of the impact of systems thinking and simulation on sustainability education. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010394
Hake, R. R. (2002). Relationship of individual student normalized learning gains in mechanics with gender, high-school physics, and pretest scores on Mathematics and Spatial Visualization. Physics Education Research Conference, 8, 1–14. Retrieved from https://shorturl.at/kKrT2
Januarti, I. M., & Muliyadi, L. (2024). Development of Ethnoscience-Based Student Worksheet Using the Guided Inquiry Learning Model to Increase Students’ Learning Motivation and Scientific Literacy: A Review. International Journal of Science Education and Science, 1(1), 13–18. https://doi.org/10.56566/ijses.v1i1.109
Kusumaningsih, W., Darhim, Herman, T., & Turmudi. (2018). Improvement algebraic thinking ability using multiple representation strategy on realistic mathematics education. Journal on Mathematics Education, 9(2), 281–290. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.9.2.5404.281-290
Lengkana, D. (2018). Pengembangan Program Pembelajaran Anatomi dan Fisiologi Tubuh Manusia Berbasis Multi Representasi untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Representasi dan Interelasinya dengan Keterampilan Generik Sains Calon Guru Biologi. Disertasi tidak dipublikasikan. Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
Moore, A., & Lynch, H. (2018). Understanding a child’s conceptualisation of well-being through an exploration of happiness: The centrality of play, people and place. Journal of Occupational Science, 25(1), 124–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/14427591.2017.1377105
Nuraeni, R., Setiono, & Himatul, A. (2020). Profil Kemampuan Berpikir Sistem Siswa Kelas XI SMA pada Materi Sistem Pernapasan. Pedagogi Hayati, 4(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.31629/ph.v4i1.2123
OECD. (2023). PISA 2022 Results (Volume I): The State of Learning and Equity in Education. OECD Publishing.
Pandra, V., & Bellinda, B. (2024). Pengembangan Instrumen Tes. Jurnal Cendekia : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 8(2), 1711–1724. https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v8i2.3258
Piaget, J. (1972). The psychology of the child. New York: Basic Books.
Pratiwi, N. K. R. (2022). The Pengembangan Bahan Ajar IPA Berbasis Multirepresentasi terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Siswa SMP: Sebuah Tinjauan Studi. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 12(2), 359–366. https://doi.org/10.37630/jpm.v12i2.614
Putri, A., Lengkana, D., & Jalmo, T. (2022). Teacher’s Perceptions of Electronic Multi Representation STEM based Worksheet to Improve Student’s Metacognitive Ability. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia, 10(3), 606–622. https://doi.org/10.24815/jpsi.v10i3.25052
Putri, M. O. S., Putra, P. D. A., & Ridlo, Z. R. (2024). Pengembangan Modul IPA Berbasis STEM untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Pemecahan Masalah Bagi Siswa SMP. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 14(1), 289–297. https://doi.org/10.37630/jpm.v14i1.1490
Raved, L., & Yarden, A. (2014). Developing Seventh Grade Studentsâ€TM Systems Thinking Skills in the Context of the Human Circulatory System. Frontiers in Public Health, 2(DEC), 260. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2014.00260
Richmond, B. (1993). Systems thinking: Critical thinking skills for the 1990s and beyond. System Dynamics Review, 9(2), 113–133. https://doi.org/10.1002/sdr.4260090203
Roehl, A., Reddy, S. L., & Shannon, G. J. (2013). The Flipped Classroom: An Opportunity To Engage Millennial Students Through Active Learning Strategies. Journal of Family & Consumer Sciences, 105(2), 44–49. https://doi.org/10.14307/jfcs105.2.12
Rohmadi, S. H. (2018). Pengembangan Berpikir Kritis (Critical Thinking) dalam Al-Qur’an: Perspektif Psikologi Pendidikan. Jurnal Psikologi Islam, 5(9), 27–36. https://doi.org/10.47399/jpi.v5i1.56
Salsabila, N. D., & Yuliati, L. (2021). Pengembangan E-LKPD berbasis Literasi Sains pada Materi Suhu dan Kalor untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa SMP. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPA,Vol, 7(1), 58–66. https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v11i03.66134
Saputra, A., & Rahmatan, H. (2020). Peningkatan keterampilan berpikir sistem melalui pendekatan pembelajaran konstruktivistik pada siswa SMP. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 9(2), 123–131.
Sari, P. M., Herlina, K., & Abdurrahman. (2021). Preliminary Research: Developing Physics Electronic Student Worksheet Based on ExPRession model with the STEM approach. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1796(1), 1 – 8. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1796/1/012080
Schuler, S., Fanta, D., Rosenkraenzer, F., & Riess, W. (2018). Systems thinking within the scope of education for sustainable development (ESD) – a heuristic competence model as a basis for (science) teacher education. Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 42(2), 192–204. https://doi.org/10.1080/03098265.2017.1339264
Sugianto, S. D., Ahied, M., Hadi, W. P., & Wulandari, A. Y. R. (2018). Pengembangan Modul IPA Berbasis Proyek Terintegrasi Stem Pada Materi Tekanan. Natural Science Education Research, 1(1), 28–39. https://doi.org/10.21107/nser.v1i1.4171
Verhoeff, R. P., Waarlo, A. J., & Boersma, K. T. (2008). Systems Modelling and the Development of Coherent Understanding of Cell Biology. International Journal of Science Education, 30(4), 543–568. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500690701237780
Wulandari, L., & Suyanta. (2021). Pengembangan e-LKPD berbasis media digital interaktif dalam pembelajaran sains untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa SMP. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPA, 7(1), 45–54. Retrieved from https://shorturl.at/OvRuJ
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Vidi Ayu Winingdiyah, Dewi Lengkana, Marina Setyarini, Chansyanah Diawati, Kartini Herlina
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
