Morphological Characterization and GC-MS Profiling of Tukad Sumaga Tangerine (Citrus reticulata)
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v12i9.14662Published:
2026-09-30Downloads
Abstract
Tukad Sumaga tangerine (Citrus reticulata) is a local citrus cultivar with potential as a horticultural genetic resource; however, its morphological characteristics and volatile chemical profile require systematic documentation. This study aimed to characterize the morphological traits and fruit quality of Tukad Sumaga tangerine and identify volatile compounds in its leaf extract using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Morphological characterization was conducted based on citrus descriptors, covering roots, stems, branching patterns, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. Fruit quality was assessed based on total soluble solids (TSS), while leaf samples were extracted using 70% ethanol through maceration and analyzed by GC-MS. The plants exhibited a woody taproot system, upright cylindrical stem, sympodial branching with a spreading habit, ovate to elliptic glabrous leaves, actinomorphic white flowers, and ovoid to pyriform fruits with relatively rough peel surfaces. Fruit TSS reached 16 °Brix, with three to five seeds per fruit. GC-MS identified 15 compounds with similarity indices of 95–99%, including 3-hexanone, 2-hexanone, 3-hexanol, 2-hexanol, linalool, bicycloelemene, β-elemene, trans-β-caryophyllene, germacrene-D, and bicyclogermacrene. These findings provide baseline information for identification, conservation, and further investigation of Tukad Sumaga tangerine as a local citrus genetic resource
Keywords:
Citrus genetic resources Citrus reticulata GC-MS Morphological characterization Tukad Sumaga Volatile compoundsReferences
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