Development of a Project-Based Learning E-Module with a Deep Learning Approach for Elementary Science Learning
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v12i7.16020Published:
2026-07-25Downloads
Abstract
This study developed a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) e-module integrated with a deep learning approach for teaching the human respiratory system in elementary school. The research employed the 4D model: define, design, develop, and disseminate. At the define stage, curriculum demands, learner characteristics, concepts, and learning tasks were analyzed. The design stage aligned PjBL syntax with contextual problems, a simple lung-model project, scientific literacy activities, reflective prompts, and assessment instruments. Product quality was examined through validation by three material experts and three media experts, followed by a limited practicality test. The material experts awarded a total of 78 of 80 points (97.50%), and the media experts awarded a total of 76 of 80 points (95.00%), resulting in a mean feasibility score of 96.25%, categorized as very feasible based on the predetermined feasibility criteria. Practicality reached 91% according to three teachers and 89% according to fifteen Grade V students, with a mean score of 90%, categorized as very practical based on the predetermined practicality criteria. The findings indicate that the module is content-appropriate, visually organized, navigable, and operationally usable for limited elementary science learning. Its main contribution is the explicit pedagogical alignment among project stages, conceptual connections, evidence-based reasoning, and reflection. A controlled effectiveness study remains necessary before causal claims can be made regarding gains in problem-solving and scientific literacy.
Keywords:
Deep learning approach e-module Problem-solving Project-based learning Scientific literacyReferences
Amrullah, A., Subiyantoro, S., & Musa, M. (2025). Implementing deep learning approaches in primary education: Strategies, opportunities, and challenges. Jurnal Varidika, 37(1), 38–48.
Astalini, A., Kurniawan, D. A., & Nurlia, N. (2022). Application of science learning in everyday life contexts to improve elementary knowledge transfer. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(3), 1210–1218.
Bahtiar, B., Ibrahim, I., & Maimun, M. (2022). Analysis of students' scientific literacy skills in science concept application. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(3), 1378–1384.
Bernacki, M. L., Greene, J. A., & Lobczowski, N. G. (2021). Self-regulated learning and technology-enhanced learning environments. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 53(1), 1–11.
Chamdani, M., Suryandari, K. C., & Wijayanti, M. D. (2025). The project-based learning integrated ethnoscience: A model of learning to enhance scientific literacy among pre-service elementary teacher. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(4),1195–1202.https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i4.9679 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i4.9679
Fadhlurahman, M. Z., Irwandani, I., & Firmansyah, D. (2026). Deep learning in elementary school: Systematic literature review. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 12(3), 8–19. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v12i3.14362 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v12i3.14362
Feriyanto, F., & Anjariyah, D. (2024). Integration of joyful, mindful, and meaningful elements in primary school science education. Journal of Primary Education, 13(2), 112–125.
Fitri, A. D., & Asrizal. (2023). Development of physics e-module integrated with PBL model and ethnoscience to improve students’ 21st century skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(12), 10610–10618.
https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i12.5877 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i12.5877
Fitri, U., Zulkarnaini, A. P., & Rahmi, G. (2026). Enhancing primary students scientific literacy through virtual laboratory-based digital learning packages to support Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Jurnal Penelitian PendidikanIPA, 12(4), 595–605.
https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v12i4.14427 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v12i4.14427
Fortuna, K. P. D., & Aeni, A. N. (2024). Transformation of elementary science learning through interactive multimedia-supported project-based learning. Indonesian Journal of Elementary Education (IJEE), 8(1), 38–47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v9i1.92889
Fullan, M., Quinn, J., & McEachen, J. (2020). Diving into deep learning: Tools for engagement. Corwin Press.
Guo, P., Saab, N., Post, L. S., & Admiraal, W. (2020). A review of project-based learning in higher education: Student outcomes and measures. Teaching and Teacher Education, 94, 103101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101586
Holisoh, A., Nurhalimah, N., & Hamda, N. (2023). Analysis of the benefits of using e-modules as distance learning media: Can it help students improve cognitive and affective aspects? Gema Wiralodra, 14(2), 592–597. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31943/gw.v14i2.313
Hudha, M. N., Fajriyah, M., Rosyidah, F., & Ayu, H. D. (2023). Project-based learning in improving scientific literacy: Systematic literature review. Psychology, Evaluation, and Technology in Educational Research, 5(2), 107–118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33292/petier.v5i2.157
Jayati, R. D., & Fitriani, L. (2025). Enhancing scientific literacy through project-based learning in plant physiology: A study of student-managed cultivation projects. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(8), 4501–4510. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i8.11921 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i8.11921
Krajcik, J. S., & Shin, N. (2022). Project-based learning. In R. K. Sawyer (Ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of the Learning Sciences (3rd ed., pp. 331–350). Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108888295.006
Kurniasari, R., Ridho, S., & Indriyanti, D. R. (2023). Analysis of the STEM-based blended project-based learning model to improve students' science literacy. Journal of Innovative Science Education, 12(1), 76–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/jise.v12i1.62296
Lestari, D., & Arnidha, Y. (2022). Pengaruh model project-based learning terhadap pemahaman konsep sains dan literasi sains siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar, 10(2), 145–156.
Lestari, E. P., Wasis, & Purnomo, T. (2022). Science learning materials in integrated PBL scientific literacy model to improve problem solving ability of junior high school students. International Journal of Recent Educational Research, 3(4), 464–477. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v3i4.230 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v3i4.230
Marmoah, S., & Nurfalah, E. (2022). Implementation of innovative learning models in science education for primary schools. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(2), 650–658.
Maslihatin, L. (2024). Pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran project based learning berbasis HOTS untuk meningkatkan literasi sains di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran IPA, 6(1), 22–33.
Mustikawati, A., & Isdaryanti, C. (2024). Joyful-inquiry approach supported by educational media to improve engagement in primary science. Journal of Science Education Research, 8(2), 201–212.
Nais, M. K., Kadarohman, A., Hana, M. N., Kusrijadi, A., & Setiadi, R. (2023). Designing project-based learning oriented to scientific literacy in matter and their changes. Jurnal Pengabdian Isola, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.17509/jpi.v2i1.57630 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jpi.v2i1.57630
Nais, M., Supriyono, S., & Wardani, K. (2023). Scaffolding in project-based learning to enhance problem-solving skills in elementary science. International Journal of Primary Education, 7(1), 89–98.
OECD. (2019). PISA 2018 assessment and analytical framework. OECD Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/b25efab8-en
OECD. (2023). PISA 2025 Science Framework. OECD Publishing.
Prihatiningtyas, S., & Sholihah, M. (2020). Constructivist project-based learning to foster student independence in primary science. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 6(2), 210–218.
Putra, A. R., & Abdurrahman, A. (2022). E-module development based on guided inquiry on temperature and heat materials to improve students’ science process skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(6), 2827–2832. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i6.1780
Quinn, J., McEachen, J., Fullan, M., Gardner, M., & Drace, M. (2021). Evolve: A field guide for developing deep learners. Corwin Press.
Rahayu, S., & Suryaningsih, Y. (2021). Developing scientific reasoning and process skills through structured inquiry and projects. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 7(3), 312–320.
Rusilowati, A., Astuti, B., & Rahman, N. A. (2019). Science literacy ability and student learning outcomes on project-based learning. Journal of Primary Education, 10(2), 242–247. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpe.v10i2.34897
Rusilowati, A., Kurniawati, L., & Kurniawan, A. (2019). Scientific literacy profile of elementary school students in contextual science learning. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1170(1), 012005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1170/1/012038
Saputro, B., Prasetyo, E., & Hidayah, N. (2023). Mindful learning strategies to foster creative comprehension and critical literacy in primary education. Pedagogia: Jurnal Pendidikan, 12(1), 45–58.
Siti, L. W., Sutama, S., & Hidayati, Y. M. (2025). Deep learning strategy through co-curricular activities in elementary schools. Didaktika: Journal of Education, 14(3), 5637–5648. DOI: https://doi.org/10.58230/27454312.2800
Subiyantoro, S., & Musa, M. (2024). Transformative and participatory approaches in 21st-century primary education. Journal of Educational Innovation, 11(3), 178–190.
Surjono, H. D. (2022). Pengembangan e-modul interaktif untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar IPA siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Prima Edukasia, 10(2), 188–200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20527/j-instech.v2i2.3819
Suryanti, S., Nursalim, M., Choirunnisa, N. L., & Yuliana, I. (2024). STEAM-project-based learning: A catalyst for elementary school students' scientific literacy skills. European Journal of Educational Research, 13(1), 1–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.13.1.1
Susilawati, S. (2024). Improving students' science process skills through project-based learning models. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(10), 711–720. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i10.9381 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i10.9381
Thiagarajan, S., Semmel, D. S., & Semmel, M. I. (1974). Instructional development for training teachers of exceptional children: A sourcebook. Indiana University.
Wulandari, S., Prasetyo, Z. K., & Lestari, H. P. (2023). Integrasi literasi sains dan project-based learning dalam pembelajaran IPA sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia, 11(1), 42–52. https://doi.org/10.24815/jpsi.v11i1.25644
Yusmar, R., & Riska, R. (2023). Peningkatan literasi sains siswa sekolah dasar melalui pembelajaran proyek berbasis lingkungan. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Nusantara, 10(1), 55–66.
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Endang Susilowati, Arif Rahman Aththibby, Dasrieny Pratiwi, Friska Octavia Rossa

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).





