Monitoring the Use of Antibiotics in Children Patients Acute Respiratory Infection Using ATC/DDD Method
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v9i12.6280Published:
2023-12-20Issue:
Vol. 9 No. 12 (2023): DecemberKeywords:
Acute respiratory infection, Antibiotics, Children, DDD/ATCResearch Articles
Downloads
How to Cite
Downloads
Metrics
Abstract
The use of antibiotics needs to be monitored because it is known that excessive use of antibiotics can increase resistance in the community and this has become a focus both nationally and globally. This study aims to evaluate the use of antibiotics in patients with acute respiratory infection at Hasanuddin University Hospital using the ATC/ DDD analysis method. The research design used a cross-sectional study design with retrospective data collection. The sample in this study was patient medical record data from January-December 2021, taken from total sampling and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Descriptive statistics are used to present and analyze data. Evaluation of the use of antibiotics by quantitative methods ATC/DDD (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC)/Defined Daily Dose (DDD), DDD/1000/ patient/day. The results showed that the most widely used antibiotic was ampicillin (280 mg) 32.96 DDD/1000 patients/day and the lowest was cefadroxil (150 mg) 1.45 DDD/1000 patients/day. Antibiotics with the highest DDD / 100-patient days value and exceeding the WHO DDD standard were ampicillin antibiotics from the penicillin group with a DDD / 100 patient-day value of 32.96 DDD /100 patient-days.
References
Adebisi, Y. A. (2023). Balancing the risks and benefits of antibiotic use in a globalized world: the ethics of antimicrobial resistance. Globalization and Health, 19(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-023-00930-z
Bezuidenhout, J. (2023). Introductory Microbiology. Libretext. Retrieved from https://rb.gy/5433qp
Blair, J. M. A., Webber, M. A., Baylay, A. J., Ogbolu, D. O., & Piddock, L. J. V. (2015). Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 13(1), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro3380
Boloursaz, M. R., Lotfian, F., Aghahosseini, F., Cheraghvandi, A., Khalilzadeh, S., Farjah, A., & Boloursaz, M. (2013). Epidemiology of lower respiratory tract infections in children. Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics, 4(2), 93–98. https://doi.org/10.17795/compreped-10273
Carolina, M., & Widayati, A. (2014). Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotika Dengan Metode Ddd (Defined Daily Dose) Pada Pasien Anak Rawat Inap Di Sebuah Rumah Sakit Pemerintah Di Yogyakarta Periode Januari – Juni 2013. Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.12928/mf.v11i1.1400
Eyler, R. F., & Shvets, K. (2019). Clinical pharmacology of antibiotics. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 14(7), 1080–1090. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.08140718
Grassella, Yuswar, M. A., & Purwanti, N. U. (2018). Studi Rasionalitas Penggunaan Antibiotik dan Interaksi Obat Pada Pasien Anak Terdiagnosis Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) Di Instalasi Rawat Jalan RSUD Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Pontianak Tahun 2018. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tanjungpura., 4–17.
Hollingworth, S., & Kairuz, T. (2021). Measuring Medicine Use: Applying ATC/DDD Methodology to Real-World Data. Pharmacy, 9(1), 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9010060
Hutchinson, J. M., Patrick, D. M., Marra, F., Ng, H., Bowie, W. R., Heule, L., Muscat, M., & Monnet, D. L. (2004). Measurement of antibiotic consumption: A practical guide to the use of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification and Defined Daily Dose system methodology in Canada. Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 15(1), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1155/2004/389092
Imran, M. I. K., Inshafi, M. U. A., Sheikh, R., Chowdhury, M. A. B., & Uddin, M. J. (2019). Risk factors for acute respiratory infection in children younger than five years in Bangladesh. Public Health, 173, 112–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2019.05.011
Jadhav, S., & Khanwelkar, C. (2018). Prescribing pattern of drugs in acute respiratory tract infection in children aged 1 to 5 years at tertiary care teaching hospital. Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 11(4), 1903–1911. https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1563
Kassebaum, N. J., Reiner, R. C., Olsen, H. E., Ikeda, C. T., Echko, M. M., Ballestreros, K. E., Manguerra, H., Martopullo, I., Millear, A., Shields, C., Smith, A., Strub, B., Abebe, M., Abebe, Z., Adhena, B. M., Adhikari, T. B., Akibu, M., Al-Raddadi, R. M., Alvis-Guzman, N., … Murray, C. J. L. (2019). Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors in Child and Adolescent Health, 1990 to 2017: Findings from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2017 Study. JAMA Pediatrics, 173(6). https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.0337
Kementerian Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional/ Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional. (2023). SDGs Knowledge Hub. Retrieved from https://sdgs.bappenas.go.id/id/
Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2011). Pedoman Pelayanan Kefarmasian Untuk Terapi Antibiotika Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2015). Kesehatan Dalam Kerangka Sustainable Development Goals. Retrieved from https://sdgs.bappenas.go.id/id/kesehatan-dalam-kerangka-sustainable-development-goals-sdgs/
Kinkade, S., & Long, N. A. (2016). Acute bronchitis. American Family Physician, 94(7), 560–565. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/10950_9
Kon, K. (2016). Antibiotic Resistance (Vol. 01). Elsevier.
Limato, R., Lazarus, G., Dernison, P., Mudia, M., Alamanda, M., Nelwan, E. J., Sinto, R., Karuniawati, A., Rogier van Doorn, H., & Hamers, R. L. (2022). Optimizing antibiotic use in Indonesia: A systematic review and evidence synthesis to inform opportunities for intervention. The Lancet Regional Health-Southeast Asia, 2(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lansea.2022.05.002
Llor, C., & Bjerrum, L. (2014). Antimicrobial resistance: Risk associated with antibiotic overuse and initiatives to reduce the problem. Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety, 5(6), 229–241. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042098614554919
Maakh, Y. F., Laning, I., & Tattu, R. (2017). Profil pengobatan infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) pada balita di Puskesmas Rambangaru tahun 2015. Jurnal Info Kesehatan, 15(2), 435-450. Retrieved from https://jurnal.poltekeskupang.ac.id/index.php/infokes/article/view/159
Moiseeva, I. E. (2019). Acute Respiratory Viral Infections in Children. Russian Family Doctor, 23(3), 19–22. https://doi.org/10.17816/RFD2019319-22
Montecatine-Alonso, E., MejÃas-Trueba, M., Goycochea-Valdivia, W. A., Chavarri-Gil, E., Fernández-Llamazares, C. M., Dolz, E., Gutiérrez-Urbón, J. M., Gallego-Fernández, C., Llorente-Gutiérrez, J., & Gil-Navarro, M. V. (2023). Development of Antimicrobial Defined Daily Dose (DDD) for the Pediatric Population. Antibiotics, 12(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12020276
Pani, S., Barliana, M. I., & Halimah, E. (2015). Monitoring the Use of Antibiotics by the ATC/DDD Method and DU 90%: Observational Studies in Community Health Service Centers in North Gorontalo District. Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, 4(4), 275–280. https://doi.org/10.15416/ijcp.2015.4.4.280
Peechakara, B. V, Basit, H., & Gupta, M. (2023). Ampicillin. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519569/
Ramanathan, K., Antognini, D., Combes, A., Paden, M., Zakhary, B., Ogino, M., Maclaren, G., & Brodie, D. (2020). Global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea. Lancet, January, 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ S0140-6736(13)60222-6
Riskesdas. (2018). Laporan Riskesdas 2018 Nasional. Lembaga Penerbit Balitbangkes.
Rogan, M. (2016). Respiratory Infections, Acute. International Encyclopedia of Public Health, January, 332–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803678-5.00383-0
Tipper, D. J. (1979). Mode of action of β-lactam antibiotics. Reviews of Infectious Diseases, 1(1), 39–53. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/1.1.39
WHO. (2023). Guidelines for ATC classification and DDD assignment 2023. Norwegian Institute of Public Health.
World Health Organization. (2016). Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241509763
Author Biographies
Fajriansyah, Universitas Almarisah Madani
Akbar Awaluddin, Universitas Almarisah Madani, Makassar
Welly, Universitas Almarisah Madani, Makassar
Zulfahmidah, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Fajriansyah, Akbar Awaluddin, Welly, Zulfahmidah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).