Social Capital: Handling Obstacles by Doctors and Midwives to Minimize Fetal Paralysis Due to Fear of Pregnant Women

Authors

Martin Pratiwi

DOI:

10.29303/jppipa.v10i2.6811

Published:

2024-02-25

Issue:

Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): February

Keywords:

Doctor, fear, fetal paralysis, midwife, pregnant woman

Research Articles

Downloads

How to Cite

Pratiwi, M. . (2024). Social Capital: Handling Obstacles by Doctors and Midwives to Minimize Fetal Paralysis Due to Fear of Pregnant Women. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(2), 487–499. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i2.6811
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the obstacles faced by doctors and midwives in minimizing the risk of fetal paralysis due to pregnant women's fear. The fear experienced by pregnant women can influence medical decisions made by doctors and midwives, leading to complications during pregnancy and childbirth. The research involves qualitative analysis from the perspectives of practitioners in various healthcare facilities. Findings reveal various relationships between factors and levels of maternal fear. Firstly, there is no significant relationship between the age of pregnant women and their fear levels. Secondly, maternal education significantly impacts fear levels, with highly educated pregnant women exhibiting lower fear levels, while those with lower education experience higher fear levels. Thirdly, maternal employment status is significantly related to anxiety levels, indicating that working pregnant women may experience higher levels of fear than non-working counterparts. Qualitative analysis indicates that nulliparous women tend to have greater fear of labor pain and pre-delivery concerns. BMI has a significant relationship with anxiety levels, suggesting that pregnant women with higher BMI may experience higher fear levels. Lastly, spousal support plays a crucial role in anxiety levels, with pregnant women receiving greater support from their husbands tending to have lower levels of fear.

References

Aghajani, F., Tapeh, Z. A., Bahmani, A., Maryam, G., Habib, V., & Sefidan. (2022). Systematic Reviews of the Principles of Nursing and Medical Care in Fracture, Trauma and Nervous System Injury Units. NeuroQuantology, 20(10), 1408–1429. https://doi.org/10.14704/nq.2022.20.10.NQ55107

Alipour, Z., Kheirabadi, G. R., Kazemi, A., & Fooladi, M. (2018). The most important risk factors affecting mental health during pregnancy: A systematic review. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 24(6), 549–559. https://doi.org/10.26719/2018.24.6.549

Allotey, J., Fernandez, S., Bonet, M., Stallings, E., Yap, M., Kew, T., Zhou, D., Coomar, D., Sheikh, J., Lawson, H., Ansari, K., Attarde, S., Littmoden, M., Banjoko, A., Barry, K., Akande, O., Sambamoorthi, D., Van Wely, M., Van Leeuwen, E., … Thangaratinam, S. (2020). Clinical manifestations, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy: Living systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ, m3320. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3320

Bedaso, A., Adams, J., Peng, W., & Sibbritt, D. (2021). The association between social support and antenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms among Australian women. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 21(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-04188-4

Brennan, P. A., Dunlop, A. L., Smith, A. K., Kramer, M., Mulle, J., & Corwin, E. J. (2019). Protocol for the Emory University African American maternal stress and infant gut microbiome cohort study. BMC Pediatrics, 19(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-019-1630-4

Brunton, R., Dryer, R., Saliba, A., & Kohlhoff, J. (2019). Re-examining pregnancy-related anxiety: A replication study. Women and Birth, 32(1), e131–e137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2018.04.013

Chamberlain, C., Ralph, N., Hokke, S., Clark, Y., Gee, G., Stansfield, C., Sutcliffe, K., Brown, S. J., & Brennan, S. (2019). Healing the past by nurturing the future: A qualitative systematic review and metasynthesis of pregnancy, birth and early postpartum experiences and views of parents with a history of childhood maltreatment. In PLoS ONE (Vol. 14, Issue 12). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225441

Cholishotin, A. (2023). Epidemiological Identification of Maternal Mortality Rates in Tuban Regency in 2021. Journal of Community Engagement in Health, 6(2), 69–78. https://doi.org/10.30994/jceh.v6i2.448

Clarke, G. S., Li, H., Ladyman, S. R., Young, R. L., Gatford, K. L., & Page, A. J. (2024). Effect of pregnancy on the expression of nutrient-sensors and satiety hormones in mice. Peptides, 172, 171114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171114

Collier, A. R. Y., & Molina, R. L. (2019). Maternal mortality in the United States: Updates on trends, causes, and solutions. NeoReviews, 20(10), e561–e574. https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.20-10-e561

Correa-De-Araujo, R., & Yoon, S. S. (2021). Clinical Outcomes in High-Risk Pregnancies Due to Advanced Maternal Age. Journal of Women’s Health, 30(2), 160–167. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2020.8860

Correa-de-Araujo, R., & Yoon, S. S. (Sarah). (2021). Clinical Outcomes in High-Risk Pregnancies Due to Advanced Maternal Age. Journal of Women’s Health, 30(2), 160–167. https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2020.8860

Damayanti, N. A., Wulandari, R. D., & Ridlo, I. A. (2023). Maternal Health Care Utilization Behavior, Local Wisdom, and Associated Factors Among Women in Urban and Rural Areas, Indonesia. International Journal of Women’s Health, 15(May), 665–677. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S379749

Donnici, C., Long, X., Dewey, D., Letourneau, N., Landman, B., Huo, Y., & Lebel, C. (2021). Prenatal and postnatal maternal anxiety and amygdala structure and function in young children. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 4019. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83249-2

Douglas Wilson, R., Van Mieghem, T., Langlois, S., & Church, P. (2021). Guideline No. 410: Prevention, Screening, Diagnosis, and Pregnancy Management for Fetal Neural Tube Defects. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, 43(1), 124-139.e8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2020.11.003

Eddy, B. P., & Fife, S. T. (2021). Active Husband Involvement During Pregnancy: A Grounded Theory. Family Relations, 70(4), 1222–1237. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12486

Eleke, C., Ogochukwu‑Mbonu, F. S., Ifeyinwa, S. A., & Esther, N. B. (2020). Case Report: Deliberate self‑harm with multiple lacerations in a 23‑year‑old depressed Nigerian male Charles. Port Harcourt Med J, 14(3), 131. https://doi.org/10.4103/phmj.phmj

Farshbaf-Khalili, A., Alizadeh, M., Hajebrahimi, S., Ostadrahimi, A., Malakouti, J., & Salehi-Pourmehr, H. (2020). Pre-natal and post-natal anxiety in relation to pre-pregnancy obesity: A cohort study on Iranian pregnant women. Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine, 11(3), 250–258. https://doi.org/10.22088/cjim.11.3.250

Grzeszczak, K., Kwiatkowski, S., & Kosik-Bogacka, D. (2020). The role of fe, zn, and cu in pregnancy. Biomolecules, 10(8), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10081176

Hildingsson, I., & Larsson, B. (2021). Women’s worries during pregnancy; a cross-sectional survey using the Cambridge Worry Scale in a rural area with long distance to hospital. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 28, 100610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srhc.2021.100610

Kendal, E. (2020). Pregnant people, inseminators and tissues of human origin: How ectogenesis challenges the concept of abortion. Monash Bioethics Review, 38(2), 197–204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40592-020-00122-0

Malinga, T., & Ann Ostler, T. (2022). Perspectives on being mothered and on negotiating the transition to motherhood: A qualitative study of low-income single mothers in Botswana. International Social Work, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/00208728221116784

Marshall, N. E., Abrams, B., Barbour, L. A., Catalano, P., Christian, P., Friedman, J. E., Hay, W. W., Hernandez, T. L., Krebs, N. F., Oken, E., Purnell, J. Q., Roberts, J. M., Soltani, H., Wallace, J., & Thornburg, K. L. (2022). The importance of nutrition in pregnancy and lactation: Lifelong consequences. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 226(5), 607–632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.12.035

McCarthy, M., Houghton, C., & Matvienko-Sikar, K. (2021). Women’s experiences and perceptions of anxiety and stress during the perinatal period: A systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 21(1), 811. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-04271-w

Melchiorre, K., Thilaganathan, B., Giorgione, V., Ridder, A., Memmo, A., & Khalil, A. (2020). Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Future Cardiovascular Health. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 7(59). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2020.00059

Nigussie, T., Yaekob, R., Geremew, M., & Asefa, A. (2020). Predictors of intention to use maternity waiting home among pregnant women in bench maji zone, southwest ethiopia using the theory of planned behavior. International Journal of Women’s Health, 12, 901–910. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S267730

O’Connor, P. J., Hill, A., Kaya, M., & Martin, B. (2019). The measurement of emotional intelligence: A critical review of the literature and recommendations for researchers and practitioners. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(1116). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01116

Padavic, I., Ely, R. J., & Reid, E. M. (2020). Explaining the Persistence of Gender Inequality: The Work–family Narrative as a Social Defense against the 24/7 Work Culture. Administrative Science Quarterly, 65(1), 61–111. https://doi.org/10.1177/0001839219832310

Quintero, A. M., & De Jaegher, H. (2020). Pregnant Agencies: Movement and Participation in Maternal–Fetal Interactions. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(August), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01977

Schmiedhofer, M., Derksen, C., Keller, F. M., Dietl, J. E., Häussler, F., Strametz, R., Koester-Steinebach, I., & Lippke, S. (2021). Barriers and facilitators of safe communication in obstetrics: Results from qualitative interviews with physicians, midwives and nurses. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18030915

Shivalingaiah, S. B., Tuladhar, S., Mahalakshmi, A. M., Muthukumar, P., Yannam, S. K., Rashan, L., ..., & Qoronfleh, M. W. (2021). Sleep and Gonadotrophin Hormones Sushmitha. International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases, 11(1), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd

Slade, P., Sheen, K., Weeks, A., Wray, S., De Pascalis, L., Lunt, K., Bedwell, C., Thompson, B., Hill, J., & Sharp, H. (2021). Do stress and anxiety in early pregnancy affect the progress of labor: Evidence from the Wirral Child Health and Development Study. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 100(7), 1288–1296. https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.14063

Stollak, I., Valdez, M., Story, W. T., & Perry, H. B. (2023). Reducing inequities in maternal and child health in rural Guatemala through the CBIO+ Approach of Curamericas: 8. Impact on women’s empowerment. International Journal for Equity in Health, 21(Suppl 2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-022-01760-y

Sūdžiūtė, K., Murauskienė, G., Jarienė, K., Jaras, A., Minkauskienė, M., Adomaitienė, V., & Nedzelskienė, I. (2020). Pre-existingmental health disorders affect pregnancy and neonatal outcomes: A retrospectivecohort study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-03094-5

Sun, S., Pellowski, J., Pisani, C., Pandey, D., Go, M., Chu, M. D., Ruan, J., & Werner, E. F. (2023). Experiences of stigma, psychological distress, and facilitative coping among pregnant people with gestational diabetes mellitus. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 23(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-023-05949-z

Sutrisno Sutrisno, Md PhD Og (Rei). (2022). Maternal Mortality in Indonesia, Ask for Help. Asian Journal of Health Research, 1(3), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v1i3.84

Swain, S. K., & Pattnaik, T. (2021). Otorhinolaryngological manifestations in pregnant women. Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, 14(4), 374–379. https://doi.org/10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_282_19

Vyawahare, A. P., Gaidhane, A., & Wandile, B. (2023). Asthma in Pregnancy: A Critical Review of Impact, Management, and Outcomes. Cureus, 15(12). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.50094

Xu, Y., Zheng, X., Li, Y., Ye, X., Cheng, H., Wang, H., & Lyu, J. (2023). Exploring patient medication adherence and data mining methods in clinical big data: A contemporary review. In Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine (Vol. 16, Issue 3). https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.12548

Zhou, Y., Shi, H., Liu, Z., Peng, S., Wang, R., Qi, L., Li, Z., Yang, J., Ren, Y., Song, X., Zeng, L., Qian, W., & Zhang, X. (2020). The prevalence of psychiatric symptoms of pregnant and non-pregnant women during the COVID-19 epidemic. Translational Psychiatry, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-020-01006-x

Author Biography

Martin Pratiwi, Public Health, Atlantic International University, Honolulu, United States of America

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Martin Pratiwi

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).