Performance Evaluation of the HEC-HMS Model in Flood Discharge Simulation in the Upper Jeneberang Watershed
DOI:
10.29303/jppipa.v12i8.15390Published:
2026-08-25Downloads
Abstract
The Jeneberang Watershed is one of the river basins in South Sulawesi Province that is highly vulnerable to flood disasters due to land use change and extreme rainfall. This study aims to analyze the rainfall-runoff transformation in the upper Jeneberang Watershed using the HEC-HMS hydrological model through calibration and validation processes. The data used include daily rainfall data from five rainfall stations and daily inflow discharge data from the Bili-Bili Dam for the period 2017–2022. The HEC-HMS model was constructed using the SCS Curve Number method for water loss estimation, the SCS Unit Hydrograph for transformation, the Recession Method for baseflow, and the Lag Method for flow routing. Calibration was conducted for four flood events (2017, 2018, 2020, 2021) and validation for two independent events (2019, 2022). Model performance was evaluated using NSE, R², PBIAS, and RSR parameters. Calibration results showed an average NSE=0.76, R²=0.84, PBIAS=−10.50%, and RSR=0.48, classified as Satisfactory to Very Good, while validation yielded NSE=0.63, R²=0.73, PBIAS=−2.48%, and RSR=0.60, with overall performance classified as Satisfactory to Good and PBIAS specifically classified as Very Good. The consistency between calibration and validation indicates the model possesses adequate generalization capability and is declared suitable and reliable for flood discharge simulation in the upper Jeneberang Watershed.
Keywords:
Calibration HEC-HMS Hydrological modeling Rainfall-runoff transformation ValidationReferences
Amiruddin, A., & Widiyanti, A. F. (2024). Kajian parameter hidrologi DAS Rawasari Kota Tarakan menggunakan HEC-HMS. Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi Tadulako, 10(2), 104–115. https://doi.org/10.22487/jstt.v10i2
Arifin, F., Muhibuddin, A., & Saleh, H. (2023). Mitigasi Kawasan Rawan Banjir Pada Daerah Aliran Sungai Jeneberang Dengan Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis. Urban and Regional Studies Journal, 6(1), 71–82. https://doi.org/10.35965/ursj.v6i1.3813
Aslam, & Lasminto, U. (2020). 2D numerical modeling of the Jeneberang River Flood due to the overflow of the Bili-Bili Dam. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 930(1), 012071. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/930/1/012071
Fajri, M., U, I., Barlian, E., Syah, N., & Putra, T. H. A. (2025). Analysis of the Impact of Land Cover Change in 2010-2024 on the Potential of Water Catchment Areas in the Arau Watershed. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(10), 325–333. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i10.12002
Ghaisani, S. F., Saadi, Y., Setiawan, E., Yasa, I. W., & Suroso, A. (2024). Effectiveness Analysis of Meninting Dam’s Diversion Tunnel Using HEC-RAS. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 7(1), 2091–2101. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i4.7207
Gunawan, G. (2025). Utilization of GIS And HEC-HMS Hydrological Model to Forecasting of Peak Discharge of the Air Bengkulu Sub-Catchments. Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management, 10(48s), 350–377. https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i48s.9541
Hamdan, A. N. A., Almuktar, S., & Scholz, M. (2021). Rainfall-Runoff Modeling Using the HEC-HMS Model for the Al-Adhaim River Catchment, Northern Iraq. Hydrology, 8(2), 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8020058
Ikhsan, M. Y. M. (2021). Analisis Model Transformasi Hujan-Aliran pada DAS Kali Lamong dengan HECHMS. Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik Sipil, 19(4), 387. https://doi.org/10.12962/j2579-891x.v19i4.9597
Irawan, P., Setiawan, J., Hendra, H., Sari, N. K., & Awaliyah, S. (2024). Analisis Pola Distribusi Curah Hujan Lebat Dominan Di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Citanduy Hulu. Jurnal Sumber Daya Air, 20(2), 75–86. https://doi.org/10.32679/jsda.v20i2.894
Jamal, I. F., Musa, R., & Malombasi, A. (2025). Model hujan-limpasan (rainfall-runoff model) untuk prediksi inflow pada Bendungan Bili-Bili. Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi, 8(1), 1000–1013. https://doi.org/10.31004/jutin.v8i1.41503
Jawale, P. S., & Thube, A. D. (2025). Rainfall-runoff modeling of urban floods using GIS and HEC-HMS. MethodsX, 15, 103437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2025.103437
Junianto, M., Sugianto, S., & Basri, H. (2023). Analysis of Changes in Mangrove Land Cover in West Langsa District, Langsa. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(3), 1155–1162. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i3.2963
Limantara, L. M. (2010). Hidrologi Praktis. CV. Lubuk Agung.
Magarin, K. E. C., Bacosa, H. P., Albiento, E. E. M., Guihawan, J. Q., & Suson, P. D. (2025). Simulation of Different Land Cover and Rainfall Scenarios to Soil Erosion Using HEC-HMS in Cagayan De Oro River Basin, Mindanao, Philippines. Earth, 6(4), 135. https://doi.org/10.3390/earth6040135
Maulana, A. A., & Rosalina, H. (2022). Evaluasi Dampak Banjir Akibat Perubahan Alur Sungai Citanduy Hulu Di Desa Tanjungkerta, Tasikmalaya-Jawa Barat. Jurnal Sumber Daya Air, 18(1), 55–67. https://doi.org/10.32679/jsda.v18i1.745
Moriasi, D. N., Arnold, J. G., Van Liew, M. W., Bingner, R. L., Harmel, R. D., & Veith, T. L. (2007). Model Evaluation Guidelines for Systematic Quantification of Accuracy in Watershed Simulations. Transactions of the ASABE, 50(3), 885–900. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.23153
Mujibadi, J. K., & Lasminto, U. (2020). Prediksi hidrograf aliran daerah aliran sungai Rejoso Kabupaten Pasuruan akibat perubahan tata guna lahan dan curah hujan. Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik Sipil, 18, 207–214. https://doi.org/10.12962/j2579-891x.v18i2.7229
Nurdianyoto, I., Suhartanto, E., & Yuliani, E. (2019). Analysis of Rain-Flood Discharge Using HEC-HMS Model in Sadar Sub-catchment, Mojokerto. International Research Journal of Advanced Engineering and Science, 5(1), 41–47. http://tides.big.go.id/
Peker, İ. B., Gülbaz, S., Demir, V., Orhan, O., & Beden, N. (2024). Integration of HEC-RAS and HEC-HMS with GIS in Flood Modeling and Flood Hazard Mapping. Sustainability, 16(3), 1226. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16031226
Pratiwi, D. W., & Satria Negara, A. (2023). Perbandingan Pola Distribusi Hujan Terukur dan Metode Empiris dalam Perhitungan Debit Banjir Rencana DAS Jurug. Jurnal Teknik Sumber Daya Air, 3(1), 29–42. https://doi.org/10.56860/jtsda.v3i1.55
Putera, M. I., Munir, A., Achmad, M., & Suhardi. (2020). Land use assessment of Jeneberang watershed using hydrology and water availability analysis. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 473(1), 012099. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/473/1/012099
Putri, A. S., Suhartanto, E., & Andawayanti, U. (2025). Validation of NRECA Parameters for Rainfall-to-Discharge Modeling in the Rejoso Watershed. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(5), 1081–1088. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i5.11107
Rachmayanti, H., Musa, R., & Mallombasi, A. (2022). Studi pengaruh perubahan tata guna lahan terhadap debit banjir dengan menggunakan software HEC-HMS (studi kasus DAS Saddang). Jurnal Konstruksi, 1(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.35965/jk.v1i1.1156
Ridwan, M., & Sarjito, J. (2024). Studi Kajian Dampak Perubahan Tutupan Lahan terhadap Kejadian Banjir di Daerah Aliran Sungai. ENVIRO: Journal of Tropical Environmental Research, 26(1), 38. https://doi.org/10.20961/enviro.v26i1.93145
Sari, N., & Hermon, D. (2025). Flood Disaster Adaptation Model in Kampar Regency Riau Province. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(3), 70–79. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i3.10544
Searcy, J. K., & Hardison, C. H. (1960). Double-mass curves (Water-Supply Paper 1541-B). U.S. Geological Survey.
Sodikin, W., Juwono, P. T., & Sholichin, M. (2025). Assessment of Baseflow Characteristics and Environmental Flow Allocation in the Welo Sub-Watershed, Central Java. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(4), 672–684. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i4.11049
Supiyati, Elisa, I., & Halauddin. (2024). The Affect of Physical Parameters on Flood Potential in the Upstream River and the Musi Watershed of Kepahiang, Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(10), 7936–7945. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i10.7442
Syaakiroh, S., Ery Suhartanto, & Sri Wahyuni. (2024). Aplikasi Metode FJ. Mock untuk Alih Ragam Hujan Menjadi Debit Menggunakan Algoritma Genetik di DAS Welang Kabupaten Pasuruan. Jurnal Teknologi Dan Rekayasa Sumber Daya Air, 4(02), 1567–1577. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtresda.2024.004.02.155
Wahyuni, I. T., & Sachro, S. S. (2024). The Impact of Land Cover Changes on Flood Hydrograph Characteristics (Jragung dam Case Study). Media Komunikasi Teknik Sipil, 29(2), 280–288. https://doi.org/10.14710/mkts.v29i2.59877
Zahrani, N., Suhartanto, E., & Andawayanti, U. (2025). Assessment of Bias-Correction Methods for CHIRPS Satellite Rainfall Estimates in the Petung Watershed, Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(12), 43–51. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i12.13250
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Wahyuni, Emma Yuliani, Sebrian Mirdeklis Beselly Putra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY License). This license allows authors to use all articles, data sets, graphics, and appendices in data mining applications, search engines, web sites, blogs, and other platforms by providing an appropriate reference. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and will retain publishing rights without restrictions.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
