Development of an ESP32 Microcontroller-Based Temperature Laboratory Instrument to Facilitate the Digital Literacy of Undergraduate Students
DOI:
10.29303/jossed.v7i2.16060Published:
2026-10-26Downloads
Abstract
This study aims to develop a valid and practical ESP32 microcontroller-based temperature laboratory instrument to facilitate the digital literacy skills of undergraduate students. The study utilized the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate) instructional model. The large-scale trial involved 130 target undergraduate students using a One-Group Pre-test-Post-test design. Data collection utilized expert validation sheets, practicality questionnaires, and a Likert-scale digital literacy questionnaire. The analysis results indicate that the developed physical instrument and questionnaire are highly feasible for use, obtaining Aiken’s V indices of 0.84 and 0.86, respectively (Highly Valid). The digital interface of this device was also considered highly user-friendly, with a practicality percentage of 91.41% from the practicum assistants and 81.98% from the undergraduate students. The evaluation of digital literacy improvement yielded an average N-Gain of 0.07 (Low category). Empirically, this quantitative finding does not represent the ineffectiveness of the instrument, but rather is purely due to a ceiling effect phenomenon caused by the exceptionally high baseline technological readiness of the undergraduate students as digital natives. It can be concluded that the ESP32 instrument innovation is proven to be highly robust and successful in fulfilling its essential function as a facilitator that accommodates the scientific computational skills of undergraduate students in the laboratory, with a note recommending reinforcement in the realm of hardware troubleshooting
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